Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov hlau sib xyaw ua ke uas nqus cov duab infrared yog dab tsi thiab nws cov yam ntxwv cuam tshuam yog dab tsi?
Cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua los ntawm cov hlau, suav nrog cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua los ntawm cov av tsis tshua muaj, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev nqus infrared. Ua tus thawj coj hauv cov hlau tsis tshua muaj thiab cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua los ntawm cov av tsis tshua muaj,UrbanMines Tech. Co., Ltd. pabcuam yuav luag 1/8 ntawm cov neeg siv khoom thoob ntiaj teb rau kev nqus infrared. Txhawm rau teb cov lus nug txog kev siv tshuab ntawm peb cov neeg siv khoom txog qhov teeb meem no, peb lub tuam txhab lub chaw tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho tau sau tsab xov xwm no los muab cov lus teb.
1. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev nqus infrared los ntawm cov hlau sib xyaw
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev nqus infrared los ntawm cov hlau sib xyaw yog raws li kev co ntawm lawv cov qauv molecular thiab cov tshuaj sib txuas. Infrared spectroscopy kawm txog cov qauv molecular los ntawm kev ntsuas qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm kev co intramolecular thiab qib zog tig. Kev co ntawm cov tshuaj sib txuas hauv cov hlau sib xyaw yuav ua rau kev nqus infrared, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov hlau-organic sib txuas hauv cov hlau-organic sib xyaw, kev co ntawm ntau cov inorganic sib txuas, thiab cov siv lead ua qauv co, uas yuav tshwm sim hauv thaj chaw sib txawv ntawm infrared spectrum.
Kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov hlau sib xyaw ua ke hauv infrared spectra:
(1). Cov khoom siv MXene: MXene yog cov hlau hloov pauv ob-seem nrog cov khoom nplua nuj, cov hlau conductivity, thaj chaw loj tshwj xeeb, thiab qhov chaw nquag. Nws muaj cov nqi nqus infrared sib txawv hauv cov kab ze-infrared thiab nruab nrab-/far-infrared thiab tau siv dav hauv infrared camouflage, photothermal hloov pauv, thiab lwm yam teb hauv xyoo tas los no.
(2). Cov tshuaj sib xyaw tooj liab: Cov tshuaj sib xyaw tooj liab uas muaj phosphorus ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom nqus infrared, tiv thaiv tau qhov tshwm sim dub los ntawm cov duab ultraviolet thiab tswj tau qhov pom kev zoo heev thiab cov khoom nqus infrared ruaj khov rau lub sijhawm ntev.
Cov ntaub ntawv siv tau
(1). Infrared camouflage: Cov ntaub ntawv MXene siv dav hauv infrared camouflage vim lawv cov khoom nqus infrared zoo heev. Lawv tuaj yeem txo cov yam ntxwv infrared ntawm lub hom phiaj thiab txhim kho kev zais.
(2). Kev hloov pauv photothermal: Cov ntaub ntawv MXene muaj cov yam ntxwv qis qis hauv cov kab nruab nrab / deb infrared, uas tsim nyog rau kev siv hloov pauv photothermal thiab tuaj yeem hloov pauv lub zog lub teeb mus rau hauv lub zog cua sov zoo.
(3). Cov ntaub ntawv qhov rai: Cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke uas muaj cov khoom nqus infrared yog siv rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv qhov rai kom thaiv tau cov duab infrared thiab txhim kho kev siv hluav taws xob zoo 3.
Cov ntaub ntawv thov no qhia txog ntau haiv neeg thiab kev siv tau ntawm cov hlau sib xyaw hauv kev nqus infrared, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lawv lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tshawb fawb niaj hnub no thiab kev lag luam.
2. Cov hlau sib xyaw twg tuaj yeem nqus tau cov duab infrared?
Cov hlau sib xyaw uas tuaj yeem nqus tau cov duab infrared suav nrogAntimony Tin Oxide (ATO), indium tin oxide (ITO), txhuas zinc oxide (AZO), tungsten trioxide (WO3), hlau tetroxide (Fe3O4) thiab strontium titanate (SrTiO3).
2.1 Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev nqus infrared ntawm cov hlau sib xyaw
Antimony tin oxide (ATO): Nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lub teeb ze-infrared nrog lub wavelength loj dua 1500 nm, tab sis tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lub teeb ultraviolet thiab lub teeb infrared nrog lub wavelength tsawg dua 1500 nm.
Indium Tin Oxide (ITO): Zoo ib yam li ATO, nws muaj cov nyhuv ntawm kev tiv thaiv lub teeb ze-infrared.
Zinc txhuas oxide (AZO): Nws kuj muaj lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev tiv thaiv lub teeb ze-infrared.
Tungsten trioxide (WO3): Nws muaj qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qhov chaw plasmon resonance thiab lub tshuab nqus polaron me me, tuaj yeem tiv thaiv hluav taws xob infrared nrog lub wavelength ntawm 780-2500 nm, thiab tsis muaj tshuaj lom thiab pheej yig.
Fe3O4: Nws muaj kev nqus infrared zoo thiab cov khoom teb thermal thiab feem ntau siv rau hauv cov sensors infrared thiab detectors.
Strontium titanate (SrTiO3): muaj kev nqus infrared zoo heev thiab cov khoom siv kho qhov muag, tsim rau cov sensors infrared thiab detectors.
Erbium fluoride (ErF3): yog ib qho khoom siv tsis tshua muaj neeg uas tuaj yeem nqus tau cov duab infrared. Erbium fluoride muaj cov siv lead ua xim liab, lub ntsiab lus yaj ntawm 1350 ° C, lub ntsiab lus kub ntawm 2200 ° C, thiab qhov ceev ntawm 7.814 g / cm³. Nws yog siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem kho qhov muag, fiber doping, laser siv lead ua, cov khoom siv raw ib leeg siv lead ua, laser amplifiers, catalyst additives, thiab lwm yam teb.
2.2 Kev siv cov hlau sib xyaw hauv cov ntaub ntawv nqus infrared
Cov hlau sib xyaw no siv dav hauv cov ntaub ntawv nqus infrared. Piv txwv li, ATO, ITO, thiab AZO feem ntau siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem conductive pob tshab, antistatic, tiv thaiv hluav taws xob thiab cov electrodes pob tshab; WO3 siv dav hauv ntau yam khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev kub, nqus, thiab cuam tshuam infrared vim nws qhov kev ua tau zoo heev ze-infrared shielding thiab cov khoom tsis muaj tshuaj lom. Cov hlau sib xyaw no ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev siv tshuab infrared vim lawv cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm kev nqus infrared.
2.3 Cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke twg uas muaj peev xwm nqus tau cov duab infrared?
Ntawm cov khoom tsis tshua muaj hauv ntiaj teb, lanthanum hexaboride thiab nano-sized lanthanum boride tuaj yeem nqus tau cov duab infrared.Lanthanum hexaboride (LaB6)yog ib yam khoom siv dav dav hauv radar, aerospace, electronics industry, instrumentation, medical equipment, home appliance metallurgy, environmental protection, thiab lwm yam. Hauv particular, lanthanum hexaboride single crystal yog ib yam khoom siv rau kev ua high-power electron tubes, magnetrons, electron beams, ion beams, thiab accelerator cathodes.
Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, nano-scale lanthanum boride kuj muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev nqus cov duab infrared. Nws yog siv rau hauv txheej ntawm qhov chaw ntawm polyethylene zaj duab xis los thaiv cov duab infrared los ntawm lub hnub ci. Thaum nqus cov duab infrared, nano-scale lanthanum boride tsis nqus ntau lub teeb pom kev. Cov khoom siv no tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov duab infrared los ntawm kev nkag mus rau hauv lub qhov rais iav hauv huab cua kub, thiab tuaj yeem siv lub teeb thiab cua sov zoo dua hauv huab cua txias.
Cov khoom siv tsis tshua muaj nyob hauv ntau qhov chaw, suav nrog tub rog, lub zog nuclear, thev naus laus zis siab, thiab cov khoom siv niaj hnub. Piv txwv li, lanthanum siv los txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov hlau sib xyaw hauv riam phom thiab khoom siv, gadolinium thiab nws cov isotopes siv los ua cov khoom nqus neutron hauv lub zog nuclear, thiab cerium siv los ua cov khoom siv iav los nqus cov duab ultraviolet thiab infrared.
Cerium, ua ib yam khoom siv ntxiv rau iav, tuaj yeem nqus tau cov teeb ultraviolet thiab infrared thiab tam sim no siv dav hauv iav tsheb. Nws tsis tsuas yog tiv thaiv cov teeb ultraviolet xwb tab sis kuj txo qhov kub hauv lub tsheb, yog li txuag hluav taws xob rau cua txias. Txij li xyoo 1997, iav tsheb Nyiv tau ntxiv cerium oxide, thiab nws tau siv rau hauv tsheb xyoo 1996.
3. Cov khoom thiab cov yam ntxwv cuam tshuam ntawm kev nqus infrared los ntawm cov hlau sib xyaw
3.1 Cov khoom thiab cov yam ntxwv cuam tshuam ntawm kev nqus infrared los ntawm cov hlau sib xyaw feem ntau suav nrog cov hauv qab no:
Qhov ntau ntawm kev nqus: Qhov kev nqus ntawm cov hlau sib xyaw rau cov duab infrared sib txawv nyob ntawm cov yam xws li hom hlau, qhov xwm txheej ntawm qhov chaw, qhov kub, thiab qhov ntev ntawm cov duab infrared. Cov hlau feem ntau xws li txhuas, tooj liab, thiab hlau feem ntau muaj qhov kev nqus ntawm cov duab infrared ntawm 10% thiab 50% ntawm qhov kub thiab txias hauv chav. Piv txwv li, qhov kev nqus ntawm qhov chaw txhuas ntshiab rau cov duab infrared ntawm qhov chaw kub thiab txias yog li 12%, thaum qhov kev nqus ntawm qhov chaw tooj liab ntxhib yuav ncav cuag li 40%.
3.2 Cov khoom thiab cov yam ntxwv cuam tshuam rau kev nqus infrared los ntawm cov hlau sib xyaw:
Hom hlau: Cov hlau sib txawv muaj cov qauv atomic thiab cov kev npaj electron sib txawv, ua rau lawv muaj peev xwm nqus tau cov duab infrared sib txawv.
Qhov xwm txheej ntawm qhov chaw: Qhov roughness, txheej oxide, lossis txheej txheej ntawm qhov chaw hlau yuav cuam tshuam rau qhov nrawm ntawm kev nqus.
Kub: Kev hloov pauv kub yuav hloov lub xeev hluav taws xob hauv cov hlau, yog li cuam tshuam rau nws qhov kev nqus ntawm cov duab infrared.
Qhov ntev ntawm lub teeb infrared: Cov qhov ntev ntawm lub teeb infrared sib txawv muaj peev xwm nqus tau cov hlau sib txawv.
Kev Hloov Pauv Nyob Rau Hauv Cov Xwm Txheej Tshwj Xeeb: Nyob Rau Hauv Qee Cov Xwm Txheej Tshwj Xeeb, qhov kev nqus ntawm cov duab infrared los ntawm cov hlau yuav hloov pauv ntau heev. Piv txwv li, thaum ib qho chaw hlau raug txheej nrog ib txheej ntawm cov khoom tshwj xeeb, nws lub peev xwm los nqus cov duab infrared tuaj yeem txhim kho. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev hloov pauv hauv lub xeev hluav taws xob ntawm cov hlau hauv qhov chaw kub siab kuj tseem yuav ua rau qhov kev nqus nce ntxiv.
Cov teb siv tau: Cov khoom siv nqus infrared ntawm cov hlau sib xyaw muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev siv hauv kev siv tshuab infrared, thermal imaging, thiab lwm yam teb. Piv txwv li, los ntawm kev tswj cov txheej txheem lossis qhov kub ntawm cov hlau nto, nws qhov kev nqus ntawm cov duab infrared tuaj yeem hloov kho, tso cai rau kev siv hauv kev ntsuas kub, thermal imaging, thiab lwm yam.
Cov Txheej Txheem Sim thiab Keeb Kwm Tshawb Fawb: Cov kws tshawb fawb tau txiav txim siab qhov kev nqus ntawm cov duab infrared los ntawm cov hlau los ntawm kev ntsuas kev sim thiab kev tshawb fawb tshaj lij. Cov ntaub ntawv no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev nkag siab txog cov khoom siv kho qhov muag ntawm cov hlau sib xyaw thiab kev tsim cov ntawv thov cuam tshuam.
Hauv kev xaus, cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev nqus infrared ntawm cov hlau sib xyaw raug cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau yam thiab yuav hloov pauv ntau yam nyob rau hauv ntau yam xwm txheej. Cov yam ntxwv no tau siv dav hauv ntau qhov chaw.