Nrog rau kev nrov npe thiab kev siv cov roj teeb zog tshiab xws li cov roj teeb lithium manganate, lawv cov khoom siv zoo raws li manganese tau nyiam ntau qhov kev saib xyuas. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv cuam tshuam, lub chaw tshawb fawb kev lag luam ntawm UrbanMines Tech. Co., Ltd. tau sau cov xwm txheej kev txhim kho ntawm Tuam Tshoj kev lag luam manganese rau kev siv ntawm peb cov neeg siv khoom.
1. Kev muab manganese: Qhov kawg ntawm cov hlau yog nyob ntawm kev xa khoom tuaj, thiab lub peev xwm tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom ua tiav yog qhov muaj ntau heev.
1.1 Cov saw hlau manganese
Cov khoom manganese muaj ntau yam, feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev tsim hlau, thiab muaj peev xwm zoo hauv kev tsim roj teeb. Hlau manganese yog xim dawb, tawv thiab tawg yooj yim. Nws feem ntau yog siv ua deoxidizer, desulfurizer thiab alloying element hauv cov txheej txheem steelmaking. Silicon-manganese alloy, medium-low carbon ferromanganese thiab high-carbon ferromanganese yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb ntawm manganese. Tsis tas li ntawd, manganese kuj tseem siv rau hauv kev tsim cov ntaub ntawv cathode ternary thiab lithium manganate cathode cov ntaub ntawv, uas yog cov chaw siv nrog lub peev xwm zoo rau kev loj hlob yav tom ntej. Manganese ore feem ntau yog siv los ntawm metallurgical manganese thiab tshuaj manganese. 1) Upstream: Kev khawb thiab hnav khaub ncaws ore. Manganese ore hom suav nrog manganese oxide ore, manganese carbonate ore, thiab lwm yam. 2) Midstream processing: Nws tuaj yeem faib ua ob txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb: chemical engineering method thiab metallurgical method. Cov khoom xws li manganese dioxide, metallic manganese, ferromanganese thiab silicomanganese yog ua tiav los ntawm sulfuric acid leaching lossis hluav taws xob cua sov txo qis. 3) Cov ntawv thov hauv qab: Cov ntawv thov hauv qab npog cov hlau alloys, roj teeb cathodes, catalysts, tshuaj thiab lwm yam teb.
1.2 Manganese ore: cov peev txheej zoo yog nyob rau txawv teb chaws, thiab Tuam Tshoj vam khom rau kev xa khoom tuaj
Cov manganese ores thoob ntiaj teb muaj nyob rau hauv South Africa, Tuam Tshoj, Australia thiab Brazil, thiab Tuam Tshoj cov manganese ore reserves yog qib thib ob hauv ntiaj teb. Cov manganese ore reserves thoob ntiaj teb muaj ntau heev, tab sis lawv tsis sib npaug. Raws li Wind cov ntaub ntawv, txij li lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2022, lub ntiaj teb cov manganese ore reserves yog 1.7 billion tons, 37.6% ntawm cov no nyob hauv South Africa, 15.9% hauv Brazil, 15.9% hauv Australia, thiab 8.2% hauv Ukraine. Xyoo 2022, Tuam Tshoj cov manganese ore reserves yuav yog 280 lab tons, suav txog 16.5% ntawm tag nrho lub ntiaj teb, thiab nws cov reserves yuav qib thib ob hauv ntiaj teb.
Cov qib ntawm cov peev txheej manganese thoob ntiaj teb sib txawv heev, thiab cov peev txheej zoo yog nyob txawv teb chaws. Cov ores nplua nuj manganese (muaj ntau dua 30% manganese) yog nyob rau hauv South Africa, Gabon, Australia thiab Brazil. Qib ntawm manganese ore yog nruab nrab ntawm 40-50%, thiab cov khoom khaws cia suav txog ntau dua 70% ntawm lub ntiaj teb cov khoom khaws cia. Tuam Tshoj thiab Ukraine feem ntau vam khom cov peev txheej manganese ore qib qis. Feem ntau, cov ntsiab lus manganese feem ntau tsawg dua 30%, thiab nws yuav tsum tau ua tiav ua ntej nws tuaj yeem siv.
Cov teb chaws tsim cov manganese ore loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb yog South Africa, Gabon thiab Australia, nrog rau Tuam Tshoj suav txog 6%. Raws li cua, kev tsim cov manganese ore thoob ntiaj teb hauv xyoo 2022 yuav yog 20 lab tons, txo qis txhua xyoo ntawm 0.5%, nrog rau txawv teb chaws suav rau ntau dua 90%. Ntawm lawv, cov khoom tsim tawm ntawm South Africa, Gabon thiab Australia yog 7.2 lab, 4.6 lab thiab 3.3 lab tons feem. Tuam Tshoj cov khoom tsim tawm manganese ore yog 990,000 tons. Nws tsuas yog suav rau 5% ntawm kev tsim tawm thoob ntiaj teb.
Kev faib tawm ntawm cov manganese ore hauv Suav teb tsis sib xws, feem ntau yog nyob hauv Guangxi, Guizhou thiab lwm qhov chaw. Raws li "Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Tuam Tshoj Cov Khoom Siv Manganese Ore thiab Cov Teeb Meem Kev Ruaj Ntseg Hauv Kev Lag Luam" (Ren Hui et al.), Tuam Tshoj cov manganese ores feem ntau yog cov manganese carbonate ores, nrog rau cov manganese oxide ores me me thiab lwm hom ores. Raws li Ministry of Natural Resources, Tuam Tshoj cov manganese ore reserves hauv xyoo 2022 yog 280 lab tons. Thaj chaw uas muaj cov manganese ore reserves siab tshaj plaws yog Guangxi, nrog rau cov reserves ntawm 120 lab tons, suav txog 43% ntawm lub teb chaws cov reserves; ua raws li Guizhou, nrog rau cov reserves ntawm 50 lab tons, suav txog 43% ntawm lub teb chaws cov reserves. 18%.
Cov manganese deposits hauv Suav teb yog me me thiab qib qis. Muaj ob peb lub chaw ua manganese loj hauv Suav teb, thiab feem ntau ntawm lawv yog cov ores lean. Raws li "Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Tuam Tshoj Cov Khoom Siv Manganese Ore thiab Cov Teeb Meem Kev Ruaj Ntseg Hauv Kev Lag Luam" (Ren Hui et al.), qib nruab nrab ntawm manganese ore hauv Suav teb yog li 22%, uas yog qib qis. Yuav luag tsis muaj cov manganese ores nplua nuj uas ua tau raws li cov qauv thoob ntiaj teb, thiab cov ores lean qib qis xav tau Nws tsuas yog siv tau tom qab txhim kho qib los ntawm kev ua cov khoom siv minerals.
Tuam Tshoj txoj kev vam khom rau kev xa cov manganese ore tuaj yog li ntawm 95%. Vim tias Tuam Tshoj cov manganese ore tsis zoo, muaj cov khoom tsis huv ntau, cov nqi khawb av siab, thiab kev tswj hwm kev nyab xeeb thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig hauv kev lag luam khawb av, Tuam Tshoj txoj kev tsim cov manganese ore tau poob qis txhua xyoo. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm US Geological Survey, Tuam Tshoj txoj kev tsim cov manganese ore tau poob qis hauv 10 xyoo dhau los. Kev tsim khoom tau poob qis heev txij li xyoo 2016 txog 2018 thiab 2021. Kev tsim khoom txhua xyoo tam sim no yog li ntawm 1 lab tons. Tuam Tshoj vam khom rau kev xa cov manganese ore tuaj, thiab nws txoj kev vam khom sab nraud tau siab dua 95% hauv tsib xyoos dhau los. Raws li Wind cov ntaub ntawv, Tuam Tshoj txoj kev tsim cov manganese ore yuav yog 990,000 tons hauv xyoo 2022, thaum kev xa khoom yuav ncav cuag 29.89 lab tons, nrog rau kev vam khom rau kev xa khoom siab txog 96.8%.
1.3 Electrolytic manganese: Tuam Tshoj suav txog 98% ntawm kev tsim khoom thoob ntiaj teb thiab muaj peev xwm tsim khoom ntau lawm
Tuam Tshoj txoj kev tsim cov manganese electrolytic yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab thiab sab hnub poob xeev. Tuam Tshoj txoj kev tsim cov manganese electrolytic feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv Ningxia, Guangxi, Hunan thiab Guizhou, suav txog 31%, 21%, 20% thiab 12% feem. Raws li Kev Lag Luam Hlau, Tuam Tshoj txoj kev tsim cov manganese electrolytic suav txog 98% ntawm kev tsim cov manganese electrolytic thoob ntiaj teb thiab yog lub ntiaj teb tsim cov manganese electrolytic loj tshaj plaws.
Tuam Tshoj txoj kev lag luam electrolytic manganese muaj peev xwm tsim khoom ntau, nrog Ningxia Tianyuan Manganese Industry lub peev xwm tsim khoom suav txog 33% ntawm lub tebchaws tag nrho. Raws li Baichuan Yingfu, txij li Lub Rau Hli 2023, Tuam Tshoj lub peev xwm tsim khoom electrolytic manganese tag nrho yog 2.455 lab tons. Kaum lub tuam txhab saum toj kawg nkaus yog Ningxia Tianyuan Manganese Industry, Southern Manganese Group, Tianxiong Technology, thiab lwm yam, nrog rau tag nrho cov peev xwm tsim khoom ntawm 1.71 lab tons, suav rau lub tebchaws tag nrho cov peev xwm tsim khoom 70%. Ntawm lawv, Ningxia Tianyuan Manganese Industry muaj peev xwm tsim khoom txhua xyoo ntawm 800,000 tons, suav rau 33% ntawm lub tebchaws tag nrho cov peev xwm tsim khoom.
Cuam tshuam los ntawm cov cai tswjfwm kev lag luam thiab kev tsis txaus fais fab,electrolytic manganeseKev tsim khoom tau poob qis hauv xyoo tas los no. Nyob rau xyoo tas los no, nrog rau kev qhia txog Tuam Tshoj lub hom phiaj "ob chav carbon", cov cai tiv thaiv ib puag ncig tau dhau los ua nruj dua, qhov kev hloov kho tshiab ntawm kev lag luam tau nrawm dua, lub peev xwm tsim khoom rov qab tau raug tshem tawm, lub peev xwm tsim khoom tshiab tau raug tswj hwm nruj me ntsis, thiab cov yam xws li kev txwv hluav taws xob hauv qee thaj chaw tau txwv kev tsim khoom, cov zis hauv xyoo 2021 tau poob qis. Thaum Lub Xya Hli 2022, Pawg Neeg Tshwj Xeeb Manganese ntawm Tuam Tshoj Ferroalloy Industry Association tau tshaj tawm cov lus pom zoo los txwv thiab txo kev tsim khoom ntau dua 60%. Xyoo 2022, Tuam Tshoj cov zis electrolytic manganese tau poob rau 852,000 tons (yoy-34.7%). Thaum Lub Kaum Hli 22, Pawg Neeg Ua Haujlwm Electrolytic Manganese Metal Innovation ntawm Tuam Tshoj Mining Association tau tshaj tawm lub hom phiaj ntawm kev nres tag nrho cov khoom tsim khoom hauv Lub Ib Hlis 2023 thiab 50% ntawm kev tsim khoom txij Lub Ob Hlis mus txog Lub Kaum Ob Hlis. Thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 22, Pawg Neeg Ua Haujlwm Tsim Kho Tshiab ntawm Electrolytic Manganese Hlau ntawm Tuam Tshoj Mining Association tau pom zoo tias cov tuam txhab lag luam Peb yuav txuas ntxiv ncua kev tsim khoom thiab txhim kho, thiab npaj kev tsim khoom ntawm 60% ntawm lub peev xwm tsim khoom. Peb xav tias cov zis electrolytic manganese yuav tsis nce ntxiv ntau hauv xyoo 2023.
Tus nqi ua haujlwm tseem nyob ntawm kwv yees li 50%, thiab tus nqi ua haujlwm yuav hloov pauv ntau heev hauv xyoo 2022. Cuam tshuam los ntawm txoj kev npaj sib koom tes hauv xyoo 2022, tus nqi ua haujlwm ntawm Tuam Tshoj cov tuam txhab electrolytic manganese yuav hloov pauv ntau heev, nrog rau tus nqi ua haujlwm nruab nrab rau lub xyoo yog 33.5%. Kev ncua kev tsim khoom thiab kev txhim kho tau ua tiav hauv peb lub hlis twg ntawm xyoo 2022, thiab tus nqi ua haujlwm hauv Lub Ob Hlis thiab Lub Peb Hlis tsuas yog 7% thiab 10.5%. Tom qab kev sib koom tes tau tuav lub rooj sib tham thaum kawg Lub Xya Hli, cov chaw tsim khoom hauv kev sib koom tes tau txo lossis ncua kev tsim khoom, thiab tus nqi ua haujlwm hauv Lub Yim Hli, Cuaj Hlis thiab Lub Kaum Hli tsawg dua 30%.
1.4 Manganese dioxide: Tsav los ntawm lithium manganate, kev loj hlob ntawm kev tsim khoom yog sai thiab muaj peev xwm tsim khoom tau sib sau ua ke.
Tsav los ntawm qhov kev thov rau cov ntaub ntawv lithium manganate, Tuam Tshoj tuselectrolytic manganese dioxideKev tsim khoom tau nce ntxiv ntau heev. Nyob rau xyoo tas los no, vim muaj kev thov rau cov khoom siv lithium manganate, qhov kev thov rau lithium manganate electrolytic manganese dioxide tau nce ntxiv ntau heev, thiab Tuam Tshoj txoj kev tsim khoom tau nce ntxiv tom qab ntawd. Raws li "Ib qho kev piav qhia luv luv ntawm Global Manganese Ore thiab Tuam Tshoj cov khoom tsim khoom Manganese hauv xyoo 2020" (Qin Deliang), Tuam Tshoj txoj kev tsim khoom electrolytic manganese dioxide hauv xyoo 2020 yog 351,000 tons, nce ntxiv txhua xyoo ntawm 14.3%. Hauv xyoo 2022, qee lub tuam txhab yuav ncua kev tsim khoom rau kev saib xyuas, thiab cov zis ntawm electrolytic manganese dioxide yuav poob qis. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm Shanghai Nonferrous Metal Network, Tuam Tshoj txoj kev tsim khoom electrolytic manganese dioxide hauv xyoo 2022 yuav yog 268,000 tons.
Tuam Tshoj lub peev xwm tsim cov electrolytic manganese dioxide yog nyob rau hauv Guangxi, Hunan thiab Guizhou. Tuam Tshoj yog lub ntiaj teb cov neeg tsim cov electrolytic manganese dioxide loj tshaj plaws. Raws li Huajing Industrial Research Institute, Tuam Tshoj cov electrolytic manganese dioxide tsim tau kwv yees li 73% ntawm kev tsim khoom thoob ntiaj teb hauv xyoo 2018. Tuam Tshoj cov electrolytic manganese dioxide tsim tau feem ntau nyob rau hauv Guangxi, Hunan thiab Guizhou, nrog rau Guangxi cov khoom tsim tau suav rau qhov feem pua ntau tshaj plaws. Raws li Huajing Industrial Research Institute, Guangxi cov electrolytic manganese dioxide tsim tau suav rau 74.4% ntawm kev tsim khoom hauv tebchaws hauv xyoo 2020.
1.5 Manganese sulfate: tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev muaj peev xwm ntawm lub roj teeb thiab muaj peev xwm tsim khoom ntau ntxiv
Tuam Tshoj txoj kev tsim cov manganese sulfate suav txog li 66% ntawm lub ntiaj teb kev tsim khoom, nrog rau lub peev xwm tsim khoom nyob hauv Guangxi. Raws li QYResearch, Tuam Tshoj yog lub ntiaj teb cov neeg tsim khoom thiab cov neeg siv manganese sulfate loj tshaj plaws. Xyoo 2021, Tuam Tshoj txoj kev tsim cov manganese sulfate suav txog li 66% ntawm lub ntiaj teb tag nrho; tag nrho cov muag manganese sulfate thoob ntiaj teb hauv xyoo 2021 yog kwv yees li 550,000 tons, uas yog roj teeb-qib manganese sulfate suav txog li 41%. Tag nrho cov muag manganese sulfate thoob ntiaj teb yuav yog 1.54 lab tons hauv xyoo 2027, uas yog roj teeb-qib manganese sulfate suav txog li 73%. Raws li "Ib qho kev piav qhia luv luv ntawm Global Manganese Ore thiab Tuam Tshoj txoj kev tsim khoom Manganese hauv xyoo 2020" (Qin Deliang), Tuam Tshoj txoj kev tsim cov manganese sulfate hauv xyoo 2020 yog 479,000 tons, feem ntau yog nyob hauv Guangxi, suav txog 31.7%.
Raws li Baichuan Yingfu, Tuam Tshoj lub peev xwm tsim khoom txhua xyoo ntawm cov manganese sulfate uas muaj cov khoom ntshiab siab yuav yog 500,000 tons hauv xyoo 2022. Lub peev xwm tsim khoom yog concentrated, CR3 yog 60%, thiab cov zis yog 278,000 tons. Nws xav tias lub peev xwm tsim khoom tshiab yuav yog 310,000 tons (Tianyuan Manganese Industry 300,000 tons + Nanhai Chemical 10,000 tons).
2. Kev xav tau manganese: Cov txheej txheem kev lag luam tab tom ua kom nrawm dua, thiab kev koom tes ntawm cov ntaub ntawv cathode raws li manganese tab tom nce ntxiv.
2.1 Kev thov ib txwm muaj: 90% yog hlau, xav tias yuav ruaj khov
Kev lag luam hlau suav txog 90% ntawm qhov kev thov rau manganese ore, thiab daim ntawv thov ntawm lithium-ion roj teeb tab tom nthuav dav. Raws li "IMnI EPD Conference Annual Report (2022)", manganese ore feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev lag luam hlau, ntau dua 90% ntawm manganese ore yog siv rau hauv kev tsim cov silicon-manganese alloy thiab manganese ferroalloy, thiab cov manganese ore seem feem ntau yog siv rau hauv electrolytic manganese dioxide thiab manganese sulfate ntau lawm ntawm lwm yam khoom. Raws li Baichuan Yingfu, cov lag luam downstream ntawm manganese ore yog manganese alloys, electrolytic manganese, thiab manganese compounds. Ntawm lawv, 60% -80% ntawm manganese ores yog siv los tsim cov manganese alloys (rau hlau thiab casting, thiab lwm yam), thiab 20% ntawm manganese ores yog siv rau hauv kev tsim khoom. Electrolytic manganese (siv los tsim cov hlau tsis xeb, alloys, thiab lwm yam), 5-10% yog siv los tsim cov manganese compounds (siv los tsim cov ntaub ntawv ternary, cov ntaub ntawv sib nqus, thiab lwm yam)
Manganese rau cov hlau nyoos: Kev thov thoob ntiaj teb yuav yog 20.66 lab tons hauv 25 xyoo. Raws li International Manganese Association, manganese yog siv ua desulfurizer thiab alloy additive hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov pa roj carbon siab, nruab nrab-carbon lossis qis-carbon hlau-manganese thiab silicon-manganese thaum lub sijhawm tsim cov hlau nyoos. Nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev oxidation hnyav thaum lub sijhawm ua kom huv thiab zam kev tawg thiab brittleness. Nws txhim kho lub zog, toughness, hardness thiab formability ntawm hlau. Cov ntsiab lus manganese ntawm cov hlau tshwj xeeb yog siab dua li ntawm cov hlau carbon. Qhov nruab nrab thoob ntiaj teb manganese cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov hlau nyoos yuav yog 1.1%. Txij li xyoo 2021, National Development and Reform Commission thiab lwm lub chaw haujlwm yuav ua tiav txoj haujlwm txo qis kev tsim cov hlau nyoos hauv tebchaws, thiab yuav txuas ntxiv ua tiav txoj haujlwm txo qis kev tsim cov hlau nyoos hauv xyoo 2022, nrog cov txiaj ntsig zoo kawg. Txij li xyoo 2020 txog 2022, kev tsim cov hlau nyoos hauv tebchaws yuav poob ntawm 1.065 billion tons mus rau 1.013 billion tons. Nws xav tias yav tom ntej Tuam Tshoj thiab lub ntiaj teb cov hlau nyoos tsim tawm tseem tsis hloov pauv.
2.2 Qhov xav tau roj teeb: kev pab txhawb ntxiv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv cathode manganese
Cov roj teeb lithium manganese oxide feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev lag luam digital, kev lag luam fais fab me me thiab kev lag luam tsheb thauj neeg. Lawv muaj kev ua haujlwm nyab xeeb siab thiab tus nqi qis, tab sis muaj lub zog ceev thiab kev ua haujlwm voj voog tsis zoo. Raws li Xinchen Information, Tuam Tshoj cov khoom xa khoom lithium manganate cathode txij li xyoo 2019 txog 2021 yog 7.5 / 9.1 / 102,000 tons, thiab 66,000 tons hauv xyoo 2022. Qhov no feem ntau yog vim muaj kev lag luam poob qis hauv Suav teb hauv xyoo 2022 thiab kev nce nqi ntawm cov khoom siv raw lithium carbonate. Cov nqi nce siab thiab kev cia siab qeeb.
Manganese rau lithium roj teeb cathodes: Kev thov thoob ntiaj teb yuav yog 229,000 tons hauv xyoo 2025, sib npaug rau 216,000 tons ntawm manganese dioxide thiab 284,000 tons ntawm manganese sulfate. Manganese siv ua cov khoom cathode rau lithium roj teeb feem ntau yog muab faib ua manganese rau ternary roj teeb thiab manganese rau lithium manganate roj teeb. Nrog rau kev loj hlob ntawm kev xa khoom roj teeb ternary fais fab yav tom ntej, peb kwv yees tias kev siv manganese thoob ntiaj teb rau cov roj teeb ternary fais fab yuav nce ntxiv los ntawm 61,000 txog 61,000 hauv 22-25. tons nce mus txog 92,000 tons, thiab qhov kev thov sib xws rau manganese sulfate nce ntxiv los ntawm 186,000 tons mus txog 284,000 tons (qhov chaw manganese ntawm cov khoom cathode ntawm lub roj teeb ternary yog manganese sulfate); Raws li Xinchen Information thiab Boshi, kev thov rau cov tsheb fais fab ob lub log loj hlob tuaj, raws li daim ntawv qhia txog kev siv thev naus laus zis siab, kev xa khoom thoob ntiaj teb lithium manganate cathode yuav yog 224,000 tons hauv 25 xyoo, uas sib raug rau kev siv manganese ntawm 136,000 tons, thiab kev thov manganese dioxide sib raug rau 216,000 tons (qhov chaw manganese ntawm cov khoom siv lithium manganate cathode yog manganese dioxide).
Cov peev txheej manganese muaj qhov zoo ntawm cov peev txheej nplua nuj, tus nqi qis, thiab qhov rais siab voltage ntawm cov ntaub ntawv manganese. Raws li thev naus laus zis nce qib thiab nws cov txheej txheem kev lag luam nrawm dua, cov chaw tsim roj teeb xws li Tesla, BYD, CATL, thiab Guoxuan High-tech tau pib xa cov ntaub ntawv cathode manganese. Kev tsim khoom.
Cov txheej txheem kev lag luam ntawm lithium hlau manganese phosphate yuav raug ua kom nrawm dua. 1) Ua ke cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lithium hlau phosphate thiab cov roj teeb ternary, nws muaj ob qho kev nyab xeeb thiab lub zog ceev. Raws li Shanghai Nonferrous Network, lithium hlau manganese phosphate yog qhov hloov kho dua tshiab ntawm lithium hlau phosphate. Ntxiv cov ntsiab lus manganese tuaj yeem ua rau lub roj teeb voltage nce. Nws qhov kev ntsuas zog theoretical yog 15% siab dua li ntawm lithium hlau phosphate, thiab nws muaj kev ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom siv. Ib tuj ntawm hlau manganese phosphate Cov ntsiab lus lithium manganese yog 13%. 2) Kev nce qib thev naus laus zis: Vim yog ntxiv cov ntsiab lus manganese, lithium hlau manganese phosphate roj teeb muaj teeb meem xws li kev coj ua tsis zoo thiab txo lub neej voj voog, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho los ntawm cov khoom me me nanotechnology, tsim qauv morphology, ion doping thiab txheej txheej saum npoo. 3) Kev ua kom nrawm ntawm cov txheej txheem kev lag luam: Cov tuam txhab roj teeb xws li CATL, Tuam Tshoj Innovation Aviation, Guoxuan Hi-Tech, Sunwoda, thiab lwm yam tau tsim cov roj teeb lithium hlau manganese phosphate; cov tuam txhab cathode xws li Defang Nano, Rongbai Technology, Dangsheng Technology, thiab lwm yam. Kev teeb tsa ntawm cov ntaub ntawv cathode lithium hlau manganese phosphate; Lub tuam txhab tsheb Niu GOVAF0 series tsheb fais fab tau nruab nrog cov roj teeb lithium hlau manganese phosphate, NIO tau pib tsim cov roj teeb lithium hlau manganese phosphate me me hauv Hefei, thiab BYD's Fudi Battery tau pib yuav lithium hlau manganese phosphate Cov ntaub ntawv: Tesla's domestic Model 3 facelift siv CATL's M3P lithium hlau phosphate roj teeb tshiab.
Manganese rau lithium hlau manganese phosphate cathode: Raws li kev xav tsis thoob thiab kev cia siab, qhov kev thov thoob ntiaj teb rau lithium hlau manganese phosphate cathode yuav yog 268,000/358,000 tons hauv 25 xyoo, thiab qhov kev thov manganese sib xws yog 35,000/47,000 tons.
Raws li Gaogong Lithium Battery qhov kev kwv yees, txog xyoo 2025, tus nqi nkag mus rau hauv kev lag luam ntawm lithium hlau manganese phosphate cathode cov ntaub ntawv yuav tshaj 15% piv rau cov ntaub ntawv lithium hlau phosphate. Yog li ntawd, xav tias qhov nruab nrab thiab qhov zoo, tus nqi nkag mus ntawm lithium hlau manganese phosphate hauv 23-25 xyoo yog 4% / 9% / 15%, 5% / 11% / 20%. Kev lag luam tsheb ob lub log: Peb xav tias lithium hlau manganese phosphate roj teeb yuav ua kom nrawm nkag mus rau hauv kev lag luam tsheb ob lub log hluav taws xob hauv Suav teb. Cov teb chaws txawv teb chaws yuav tsis raug txiav txim siab vim tsis muaj nqi thiab qhov xav tau lub zog ceev. Nws xav tias nyob rau hauv qhov nruab nrab thiab qhov zoo hauv 25 xyoo, lithium hlau manganese phosphate yuav Qhov kev thov rau cathodes yog 1.1 / 15,000 tons, thiab qhov kev thov rau manganese yog 0.1 / 0.2 lab tons. Kev lag luam tsheb fais fab: Xav tias lithium hlau manganese phosphate hloov tag nrho lithium hlau phosphate thiab siv ua ke nrog cov roj teeb ternary (raws li qhov sib piv ntawm cov khoom lag luam cuam tshuam ntawm Rongbai Technology, peb xav tias qhov piv txwv doping yog 10%), nws xav tias qhov nruab nrab thiab Nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo, qhov kev thov rau lithium hlau manganese phosphate cathodes yog 257,000 / 343,000 tons, thiab qhov kev thov manganese sib xws yog 33,000 / 45,000 tons.
Tam sim no, tus nqi ntawm manganese ore, manganese sulfate, thiab electrolytic manganese nyob rau theem qis dua hauv keeb kwm, thiab tus nqi ntawm manganese dioxide nyob rau theem siab dua hauv keeb kwm. Xyoo 2021, vim muaj kev tswj hwm kev siv hluav taws xob ob zaug thiab tsis muaj hluav taws xob txaus, lub koom haum tau koom tes ncua kev tsim khoom, kev muab khoom ntawm electrolytic manganese tau txo qis, thiab tus nqi tau nce siab heev, ua rau tus nqi ntawm manganese ore, manganese sulfate, thiab electrolytic manganese nce siab. Tom qab xyoo 2022, qhov kev thov downstream tau qaug zog, thiab tus nqi ntawm electrolytic manganese tau poob qis, thaum tus nqi ntawm electrolytic manganese dioxide tau poob qis. Rau manganese, manganese sulfate, thiab lwm yam, vim muaj kev nce ntxiv hauv cov roj teeb lithium downstream, qhov kev kho tus nqi tsis tseem ceeb. Hauv lub sijhawm ntev, qhov kev thov downstream feem ntau yog rau manganese sulfate thiab manganese dioxide hauv cov roj teeb. Tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm qhov ntim ntawm cov ntaub ntawv cathode manganese nce ntxiv, qhov chaw nqi yuav nce siab.