Dab tsi yog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov hlau sib txuas absorbing infrared rays thiab nws cuam tshuam dab tsi?
Hlau tebchaw, suav nrog cov tebchaw tsawg hauv ntiaj teb, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev nqus infrared. Raws li tus thawj coj hauv cov hlau tsis tshua muaj thiab tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb sib txuas,UrbanMines Tech. Co., Ltd. ua haujlwm ze li ntawm 1/8 ntawm lub ntiaj teb cov neeg siv khoom rau kev nqus infrared. Txhawm rau hais txog peb cov neeg siv khoom cov lus nug txog qhov teeb meem no, peb lub tuam txhab kev tshawb fawb thiab kev loj hlob chaw tau sau cov kab lus no los muab cov lus teb
1.Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm infrared nqus los ntawm cov hlau txuas
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm infrared nqus los ntawm cov hlau sib txuas yog tsuas yog nyob ntawm kev vibration ntawm lawv cov qauv molecular thiab tshuaj bonds. Infrared spectroscopy kev tshawb fawb molecular qauv los ntawm kev ntsuas qhov kev hloov ntawm intramolecular vibration thiab rotational zog theem. Kev vibration ntawm cov tshuaj sib txuas hauv cov hlau sib txuas yuav ua rau infrared nqus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov hlau-organic bonds hauv cov hlau-organic compounds, kev co ntawm ntau inorganic bonds, thiab siv lead ua thav duab kev co, uas yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ntau cheeb tsam ntawm infrared spectrum.
Kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov hlau sib txawv hauv infrared spectra:
(1) MXene cov khoom siv: MXene yog ob-dimensional hloov hlau-carbon/nitrogen compound nrog nplua nuj Cheebtsam, nws yog xim hlau conductivity, ib tug loj tej qhov chaw, thiab ib tug active nto. Nws muaj qhov sib txawv infrared nqus tus nqi nyob rau hauv ze-infrared thiab nruab nrab-/far-infrared bands thiab tau dav siv nyob rau hauv infrared camouflage, photothermal hloov dua siab tshiab, thiab lwm yam teb nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los.
(2) Copper tebchaw: phosphorus-muaj tooj liab tebchaw ua tau zoo ntawm infrared absorbers, zoo tiv thaiv blackening tshwm sim los ntawm ultraviolet rays thiab tswj zoo heev pom lub teeb transmittance thiab infrared absorption zog ruaj khov rau lub sij hawm ntev 3.
Cov ntaub ntawv siv tau
(1) Infrared camouflage : MXene cov ntaub ntawv yog dav siv nyob rau hauv infrared camouflage vim lawv zoo heev infrared absorption zog. Lawv tuaj yeem txo lub hom phiaj ntawm cov yam ntxwv infrared thiab txhim kho kev zais 2.
(2) Photothermal conversion : MXene cov ntaub ntawv muaj tsawg emission yam ntxwv nyob rau hauv nruab nrab / deb infrared bands, uas yog haum rau photothermal hloov dua siab tshiab daim ntaub ntawv thiab muaj peev xwm hloov lub teeb lub zog mus rau hauv lub tshav kub zog 2.
(3) Cov ntaub ntawv qhov rai: Resin compositions uas muaj infrared absorbers yog siv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv qhov rais kom zoo thaiv infrared rays thiab txhim kho lub zog efficiency 3.
Cov ntaub ntawv thov no qhia txog kev sib txawv thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov hlau sib txuas hauv infrared nqus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lawv lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tshawb fawb niaj hnub thiab kev lag luam.
2.Cov khoom siv hlau twg tuaj yeem nqus tau cov kab hluav taws xob infrared?
Cov hlau sib txuas uas tuaj yeem nqus tau cov kab hluav taws xob infrared suav nrogAntimony tin oxide (ATO), Indium tin oxide (ITO), aluminium zinc oxide (AZO), tungsten trioxide (WO3), hlau tetroxide (Fe3O4) thiab strontium titanate (SrTiO3).
2.1 Infrared absorption yam ntxwv ntawm cov hlau compounds
Antimony tin oxide (ATO): Nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lub teeb ze-infrared nrog lub wavelength ntau dua 1500 nm, tab sis tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lub teeb ultraviolet thiab lub teeb infrared nrog lub wavelength tsawg dua 1500 nm.
Indium Tin Oxide (ITO): Zoo ib yam li ATO, nws muaj cov nyhuv tiv thaiv ze-infrared teeb.
Zinc aluminium oxide (AZO): Nws kuj muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tiv thaiv ze-infrared teeb.
Tungsten trioxide (WO3): Nws muaj cov nyhuv plasmon resonance hauv cheeb tsam thiab cov polaron nqus cov tshuab me me, tuaj yeem tiv thaiv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob nrog lub wavelength ntawm 780-2500 nm, thiab tsis muaj tshuaj lom thiab pheej yig.
Fe3O4 : Nws muaj qhov zoo ntawm infrared nqus thiab thermal teb cov khoom thiab feem ntau yog siv hauv infrared sensors thiab detectors.
Strontium titanate (SrTiO3): muaj qhov zoo heev infrared nqus thiab kho qhov muag, haum rau infrared sensors thiab ntes.
Erbium fluoride (ErF3) : yog lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj qhov sib xyaw uas tuaj yeem nqus cov kab hluav taws xob infrared. Erbium fluoride muaj cov xim liab dawb, qhov chaw melting ntawm 1350 ° C, qhov kub ntawm 2200 ° C, thiab qhov ntom ntawm 7.814g / cm³. Nws yog tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv optical coatings, fiber ntau doping, laser muaju, ib leeg-crystal raw cov ntaub ntawv, laser amplifiers, catalyst additives, thiab lwm yam teb.
2.2 Kev siv cov hlau sib txuas hauv infrared absorbing cov ntaub ntawv
Cov hlau sib txuas no tau siv dav hauv cov khoom siv infrared nqus. Piv txwv li, ATO, ITO, thiab AZO feem ntau yog siv rau hauv pob tshab conductive, antistatic, hluav taws xob tiv thaiv txheej thiab pob tshab electrodes; WO3 yog dav siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam cua sov rwb thaiv tsev, nqus, thiab reflection infrared cov ntaub ntawv vim nws zoo heev nyob ze-infrared shielding kev ua tau zoo thiab cov khoom tsis muaj tshuaj lom. Cov hlau txuas no ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev siv thev naus laus zis infrared vim lawv qhov tshwj xeeb infrared nqus cov yam ntxwv.
2.3 Lub ntiaj teb tsawg cov tebchaw twg tuaj yeem nqus tau cov kab hluav taws xob infrared?
Ntawm cov ntsiab lus tsis tshua muaj hauv ntiaj teb, lanthanum hexaboride thiab nano-loj lanthanum boride tuaj yeem nqus cov kab hluav taws xob infrared.Lanthanum hexaboride (LaB6)yog cov khoom siv dav siv hauv radar, aerospace, electronics kev lag luam, instrumentation, khoom siv kho mob, khoom siv hauv tsev metallurgy, kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, thiab lwm yam. Tshwj xeeb, lanthanum hexaboride ib leeg siv lead ua yog cov khoom siv los ua cov raj hluav taws xob muaj zog, magnetrons, electron beams, ion beams, thiab accelerator cathodes.
Tsis tas li ntawd, nano-scale lanthanum boride kuj muaj cov cuab yeej ntawm absorbing infrared rays. Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm polyethylene zaj duab xis los thaiv cov infrared rays los ntawm tshav ntuj. Thaum absorbing infrared rays, nano-scale lanthanum boride tsis nqus pom lub teeb ntau dhau. Cov khoom siv no tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov kab hluav taws xob infrared los ntawm kev nkag mus rau lub qhov rais iav hauv cov huab cua kub, thiab tuaj yeem siv lub teeb thiab kub lub zog hauv cov huab cua txias.
Cov ntsiab lus tsis tshua muaj hauv ntiaj teb tau siv dav hauv ntau qhov chaw, suav nrog tub rog, nuclear zog, thev naus laus zis siab, thiab cov khoom siv niaj hnub. Piv txwv li, lanthanum yog siv los txhim kho cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov hlau nplaum hauv riam phom thiab khoom siv, gadolinium thiab nws cov isotopes yog siv los ua neutron absorbers nyob rau hauv nuclear zog teb, thiab cerium yog siv los ua iav additive rau nqus ultraviolet thiab infrared rays.
Cerium, raws li lub iav ntxiv, tuaj yeem nqus tau ultraviolet thiab infrared rays thiab tam sim no tau siv dav hauv iav tsheb. Nws tsis tsuas yog tiv thaiv ultraviolet rays tab sis kuj txo qhov kub hauv lub tsheb, yog li txuag hluav taws xob rau cov cua txias. Txij li xyoo 1997, Japanese tsheb iav tau ntxiv nrog cerium oxide, thiab nws tau siv hauv tsheb hauv xyoo 1996.
3.Properties thiab influencing yam ntawm infrared absorption los ntawm hlau compounds
3.1 Cov khoom thiab cuam tshuam ntawm infrared nqus los ntawm cov hlau txuas feem ntau suav nrog cov hauv qab no:
Absorption rate range: Qhov nqus ntawm cov hlau sib txuas rau cov kab hluav taws xob infrared txawv nyob ntawm seb yam xws li hom hlau, lub xeev saum npoo, qhov kub thiab txias, thiab qhov ntev ntawm cov hluav taws xob infrared. Cov hlau xws li txhuas, tooj liab, thiab hlau feem ntau muaj qhov nqus ntawm infrared rays ntawm 10% thiab 50% ntawm chav tsev kub. Piv txwv li, qhov nqus ntawm cov ntshiab aluminium nto rau infrared rays ntawm chav tsev kub yog li 12%, thaum tus nqi nqus ntawm ntxhib tooj liab nto yuav ncav cuag li 40%.
3.2 Cov khoom thiab cuam tshuam ntawm infrared nqus los ntawm cov hlau sib txuas:
Hom hlau: Cov hlau sib txawv muaj cov qauv atomic sib txawv thiab cov txheej txheem electron, uas ua rau lawv muaj peev xwm nqus tau sib txawv rau cov kab hluav taws xob infrared.
Deg mob: Qhov roughness, oxide txheej, los yog txheej ntawm cov hlau nto yuav cuam tshuam rau tus nqi nqus.
Kub: Kub hloov pauv yuav hloov lub xeev hluav taws xob hauv cov hlau, yog li cuam tshuam rau nws qhov nqus ntawm infrared rays.
Infrared wavelength: Ntau wavelengths ntawm infrared rays muaj peev xwm nqus tau sib txawv rau cov hlau.
Kev hloov pauv raws li cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb: Hauv qee qhov tshwj xeeb, qhov nqus ntawm infrared rays los ntawm cov hlau yuav hloov tau ntau heev. Piv txwv li, thaum hlau nto coated nrog ib txheej ntawm cov khoom tshwj xeeb, nws muaj peev xwm nqus infrared rays tuaj yeem txhim kho. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev hloov pauv hauv hluav taws xob hauv lub xeev ntawm cov hlau nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias ib puag ncig kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau nce qhov nqus ntawm qhov nqus.
Daim ntawv thov teb: Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob infrared nqus ntawm cov hlau sib txuas muaj qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev siv tshuab infrared, thermal imaging, thiab lwm yam. Piv txwv li, los ntawm kev tswj cov txheej los yog kub ntawm ib tug hlau nto, nws absorbs infrared rays tuaj yeem hloov kho, tso cai rau kev siv hauv kev ntsuas kub, thermal imaging, thiab lwm yam.
Kev sim cov txheej txheem thiab kev tshawb fawb keeb kwm yav dhau: Cov kws tshawb fawb tau txiav txim siab qhov nqus ntawm infrared rays los ntawm cov hlau los ntawm kev sim ntsuas thiab kev kawm tshaj lij. Cov ntaub ntawv no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev nkag siab txog cov khoom siv kho qhov muag ntawm cov hlau sib txuas thiab tsim cov kev siv cuam tshuam.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, cov khoom siv infrared nqus ntawm cov hlau sib txuas yog cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau yam thiab tuaj yeem hloov pauv ntau yam hauv cov xwm txheej sib txawv. Cov khoom no tau siv dav hauv ntau qhov chaw.