Abezindaba baseBrithani: I-United States ihamba i-tighrope, umbuzo kuphela ukuthi iyiphi into etafuleni lesikhathi ozobe elandelayo
[Umbhalo / Obserger Network Qi Qian] China wethule izilawuli zokuthekelisa ezintweni ezifanele ezisetshenziswayo ezisetshenziswayo ezi-dumbili ezisetshenziswayo zase-United States ekuqaleni kwale nyanga, okuheha ukunakekelwa komhlaba kanye nezingxoxo ezihlobene nazo ziyaqhubeka nanamuhla.
AbakwaReuters babike ngoDisemba 18 ukuthi iChina ibusa ukuhanjiswa kwamaminerali asemqoka. Kulesi simo, ukucindezelwa kwe-United States okuqhubekayo kwemboni yobuchwepheshe baseChina "ngokuhamba nge-tighrope": ngakolunye uhlangothi, ifuna ukusebenzisa amanani entela ukunciphisa ukuncika kwayo eChina; Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izama ukugwema ukuphindisela okuphelele kusuka eChina ngaphambi kokwakha amandla okukhiqiza.
Lo mbiko uthe njengamanje, amaminerali abucayi azoba "isikhali" saseChina ekubhekaneni nengxabano yokuhweba ekhuphukayo ne-United States. "Umbuzo kuphela yiphi insimbi ebucayi etafuleni lesikhathi sase-China ngezikhathi ezithile ikhetha ngokulandelayo."
NgoDisemba 3, inkonzo yezentengiselwano yaseChina yakhipha isimemezelo, ememezela ukulawulwa okuqinile kokuthekelisa kwe-Gallium, i-Germanium, antimony, izinto eziphikisayo, izinto eziphikisayo, i-graphite, nezinye izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezi-United States.
Isimemezelo sidinga ukuthi izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezimbaxambili zingavunyelwe ekuthunyeliswe kubasebenzisi bezempi baseMelika noma ngezinhloso zempi; Ngokuyinhloko, ukuthunyelwa kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezimbaxambili njenge-gallium, i-rmarium, i-antimony, kanye nezinto eziphikisayo e-US ngeke zivunyelwe; Futhi ukubuyekezwa okuxakile kwabasebenzisi bokugcina nokusetshenziswa okuzosetshenziswa okuzothunyelwa kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-graphite e-US Lesi simemezelo futhi sigcizelela ukuthi noma iyiphi inhlangano noma isifunda esiphula umthethonqubo ofanele sizohanjiswa ngokomthetho.
AbakwaReuters bathi ukunyakaza kweChina kwakuyimpendulo esheshayo e-United States 'New Round of Chip Export Ban eChina.
Lo mbiko ohlelwe ngokucophelela, "kusho lo mbiko," kushona lapho iChina isebenzisa khona isikhundla sayo esivelele ezinhlamvwini ezisemqoka ukuziphindisela ekuhlaselweni kwe-US ngamakhono ayo obuchwepheshe aphezulu. "
Ngokwemininingwane evela e-United States Geological Survey, ngonyaka owedlule, i-United States yathembela ku-100% ekungenisweni kwe-Gallium, neChina yabalwa yi-21% yokungeniswa kwayo; I-United States ithembela ekungenisweni kweingqondo ingcolaKu-82%, futhi ngaphezulu kwama-50% e-germanium, ne-China accounting ka-63% kanye ne-26% yokungeniswa kwayo, ngokulandelana. I-United States Geological Survey ixwayise ngokuthi ukuvinjelwa okuphelele kweChina ku-Gallium ne-terlimanium ngaphandle kwamanye amazwe kungadala ukulahleka okuqondile kwama- $ 3.4 billion emnothweni wase-US futhi kubangela umphumela wokuphakama kwe-chain action.
I-Govini, i-US Defense Intelligence Company, esanda kukhishwa ngombiko ithi i-China REVEERERS amaminerali ase-Ukhiye izothinta izikhali zawo wonke amagatsha ezempi ase-US, ezibandakanya izingxenye ezingaphezu kuka-1 000.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvinjelwa kwakamuva kweChina nakho "kuthinte kakhulu" ukulethwa kwe-gallium, i-terramonium kanye ne-antimony. UBloomberg waphawula ukuthi iChina isibekele isibonelo ekunqabeni izinkampani zakwamanye amazwe ukuthi zithengise imikhiqizo e-United States. Ngaphambi kwalokhu, "i-exterentraterritoliation" ekulweni kwezimali kwabonakala sengathi bekulokhu kuyilungelo lamazwe ase-United States namazwe asentshonalanga.
Ngemuva kokuthi iChina imemezele imikhawulo emisha yokuthumela kwamanye amazwe, intengo yomhlaba wonke ye-antimony yakhuphuka kusuka ku- $ 13,000 ngethani ngalinye ekuqaleni konyaka kuya ku- $ 38,000. Intengo yaseJalimane yakhuphuka kusuka ku- $ 1,650 kuya ku- $ 2,862 ngesikhathi esifanayo.
Ama-Reuters akholelwa ukuthi i-United States "ihamba nge-tighrofe": ngakolunye uhlangothi, ifuna ukusebenzisa amanani entela ukunciphisa ukuncika kwayo eChina; Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izama ukugwema ukuphindisela okuphelele kusuka eChina ngaphambi kokwakha amandla okukhiqiza. Kodwa-ke iqiniso lingukuthi i-United States incike kakhulu ekungenisweni kwezinsimbi ezisemqoka, kanti iChina kulindeleke ukuthi ikhuphule izindlela zayo zokuziphindisela emkhakheni wezinsimbi ezisemqoka.
Okokuqala, abaphathi be-biden batshalile imali yezigidigidi zamaRandi ukwakha kabusha amandla okukhiqiza asekhaya amaminerali abucayi, kepha inqubekela phambili kungenzeka ukuthi ihambe kancane.
I-United States ihlela ukuvula kabusha imayini ye-antimony e-Idaho, kepha umkhiqizo wokuqala awulindelekile kuze kube ngu-2028. Ukuphela kweprosesa elithi adrimony e-United States, adrimony yaseMelika, amacebo okuqinisekisa ukukhiqizwa okwenziwe ngokwanele. I-United States ayikhiqizi noma yimuphi umgibeli wendabuko kusukela ngo-1987.
Ngasikhathi sinye, inkinga enkulu ebheke e-United States kuwukuthi iChina ibusa kanjani i-Supply Chain emkhakheni wamaminerali abucayi. Ngokwesikhungo sezifundo zamasu nezinhlaban aphesheya, ithangi le-US Callint, i-China ngumhlinzeki omkhulu kunabo bonke abangama-26 kwabangu-50 amaminerali abekwe njengamaminerali abucayi ngocwaningo lwe-US Geological. Iningi lalawa maminerali alolohlwini lokulawulwa kokuthekelisa oluse-China "oluseChina" kanye ne-Gallium, i-rmarium kanye ne-antimony.
Lo mbiko waveza ukuthi e-United States, ukumenyezelwa kweChina kokulawulwa kwe-graphite okuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwe-graphite kuyinto "isibonakaliso esimangazayo", okubonisa ukuthi isimo se-tit-for-tat phakathi kweChina ne-United States sisakazeka emkhakheni wezensimbi zebhethri. Lokhu kusho ukuthi "uma imboni yezebuchwepheshe eChina iphinde yavunyelwa yi-United States, iChina iseneziteshi eziningi zokuhlaselwa."
AbakwaReuters bathi uMongameli wase-US - U-Elect Trump usongele ukuphoqa imali ebanzi kuzo zonke izimpahla zaseChina ngaphambi kokuthatha isikhundla. Kepha umbuzo omkhulu wokuphathwa kwe-Trump Administration ukuthi angakanani i-United States angamelana nayo ekulweni neChina emkhakheni wezinsimbi ezibalulekile.
Kulokhu, uStephen Roach, owayengumnotho waseMelika owaziwayo kanye ne-Senior Southya inyuvesi, usanda kunyathelisa i-athikili exwayisa uhulumeni wase-US. Uveze ukuthi ukuphikisana okusheshayo kweChina kulokhu kwabangela "isiteleka esivikelekile" ezimbonini ezibalulekile; Uma i-United States iyaqhubeka nokukhulisa impikiswano yokuhweba, izenzo zokuziphindisela zeChina zingandise, ngoba "iChina namakhadi 'ama-trump' akhona esandleni sawo."
NgoDisemba 17, i-Hong Kong's South China yasekuseni icaphune ukuhlaziya yize ezinye zezempi zakamuva zeChina zihlose ukuphathwa kwebhida, lezi zenzo ezisheshayo zinikeze "izinkomba" zendlela yokuphatha yase-US eholwa yi-Trump. "I-China inesibindi sokulwa futhi ilungile ekulweni" futhi "Kuthatha amabili kuya kuTango" ... izazi zaseChina zize zagcizeke nokuthi iChina isilungele uTrump.
Iwebhusayithi yezepolitiki yase-US ikhombe ukuhlaziywa kwesazi futhi lezi zindlela ezenziwa yiChina zibhekiswe kakhulu kuMongameli wase-US ongenayo - okhetha uTrump esikhundleni sebhideni likaMongameli lamanje. "AmaShayina alungile lapho ebheka ikusasa, futhi lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sabaphathi baseMelika."