Isimo samanje se-Ukraine's Rare Earth Resources: Okungaba khona kanye nokulinganiselwa
1. Ukusatshalaliswa okugciniwe nezinhlobo
Izinsizakusebenza zomhlaba zase-Ukraine zisatshalaliswa ikakhulu kulezi zindawo ezilandelayo:
- Isifunda seDonbas: Ukuceba ngamanani aphezulu ezinto zomhlaba ezingandile, kepha indawo enobungozi obukhulu ngenxa yengxabano yaseRussia-Ukraine.
- I-Kryvyi rih Basin: I-Rare Earth Deposits ehlotshaniswa ne-Iron Ore, Emhlabeni Ongavamile Okhanyayo (njengeLanthanum neCherium).
- I-Dnipropetrovsk Oblast: Kunezinsizakusebenza zomhlaba ezingavamile ezihambisana ne-Uranium, kepha izinga lokuthuthuka liphansi.
Ngokwemininingwane esuka eMnyangweni Wezenkolo wase-Ukraine, okuphelele kwayo okungu-Rare Earth Ort Earth Axide (Reo) kulinganiselwa ukuthi kube phakathi kwezigidi zamathani angu-500,000 no-1. Ngokwezinhlobo, umhlaba ongafani ongabonakali uluhlobo oluyinhloko, ngenkathi imisebe emibi engavamile (efana ne-dysprosium ne-terbium) iyindlala, futhi eyokugcina yizona ezingokwezinto ezibalulekile embonini yamasosha amasha.
2. Ukushiyeka kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nezingozi ze-geopolitical
Naphezu kobukhona bezinsizakusebenza, imboni yase-Ukraine engavamile yomhlaba ibhekene nezinkinga eziningi:
- Ubuchwepheshe bezimayini eziphelelwe yisikhathi: Imodeli ebanzi yezimayini ezuzwa njengefa le-Era yaseSoviet iholela ekusebenzeni kahle okuphansi futhi ayinazo ubuchwepheshe besimanje bokuhlanza;
- Umonakalo Wezingqalasizinda: Ukungqubuzana kukhubazeke ngezindlela zokuhamba nezinhlelo zamandla endaweni yezimayini, okwenza izindleko zokwakha kabusha ziphezulu;
- Ukukhathazeka Kwezemvelo: Imayini yomhlaba engavamile ingandisa izinkinga zemvelo empumalanga ye-Ukraine futhi yabangela imibhikisho yomphakathi.
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Isivumelwano se-US-Ukraine Minerals Isivumelwano: amathuba nezinselelo
Ngo-2023, i-United States ne-Ukraine basayina imemorandamu yokuqonda ngokubambisana amaminerali abucayi, okuhlose ukuthuthukisa izinsiza zomhlaba ezingandile eziqabulayo ngosizo lwezezimali nobuchwepheshe. Uma isivumelwano senziwa, kungaletha izinguquko ezilandelayo:
- Ukusungulwa kokuqala kwe-Industrial Chain: Izinkampani zase-US zingasiza ekwakheni izindawo zokuthenga nezimayini kanye nezicelo zokuhlola futhi zisazodinga ukuncika emaqenjini angaphandle;
- Inani le-Geopolitical: Umhlaba wase-Ukraine ongavamile ungasebenza njengesengezo esithelweni se- "De-China" e-Europe nase-United States, ikakhulukazi emkhakheni womhlaba okhanyayo;
- Ukuncika okuphezulu ngezezimali: Iphrojekthi idinga ukuqhubeka nokuheha imali entshonalanga, kepha ubungozi bempi bungabukela phansi ukuzethemba kwabatshalizimali.
Ukubuyisela iChina eminyakeni eyishumi? Igebe phakathi kwangempela nokuhle
Yize kukhona indawo yokucabanga ekubambisanakanyeni nase-Ukraine Cooperation, kuyangabazeka ukuthi imboni yase-Ukraine engavamile izothatha indawo yeChina kungakapheli iminyaka eyishumi ngenxa yezizathu ezilandelayo:
1. Ukuhlukaniswa okukhulu ekusebenzeni kwezinsizakusebenza
- I-China engavamile igcina i-akhawunti ye-37% ye-37% yezwe lonke, emboza zonke izinto eziyi-17, ikakhulukazi isilondo somhlaba esindayo, okunzima ukunyakazisa;
- I-Ukraine inezinqolobane zomhlaba ezinomkhawulo emhlabeni kanye nezindleko zezimayini kungenzeka ziphakeme kunalezo zaseChina (izindleko zezimayini eBaotou, iChina iphansi kakhulu emhlabeni).
2. Igebe lokuvuthwa kweketanga lomkhakha
- Izilawuli zaseChina ** 60% ** wezwe Umhlaba ongavamileUkumbiwa kanye ne -
- I-Ukraine idinga ukwakha izimboni zokuhlaziya kanye nezimboni ezingezwe kakhulu ezingezwe kusuka ekuqaleni, futhi iminyaka eyishumi yanele ukuqeda ukwakheka kokuqala.
Izingozi ze-1.Eleopolitical nezomnotho
- Izingxabano ezinde phakathi kweRussia ne-Ukraine zizokwenza kube nzima ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwezindawo zezimayini, kanye nenhlokodolobha yamazwe omhlaba kuzothatha isimo sengqondo sokulinda kanye nokubona;
- I-China ingasebenzisa ukulawulwa kwentengo kanye nezithiyo zezobuchwepheshe ukucindezela izimbangi ezifungelayo kanye nokuhlanganisa isikhundla sayo semakethe.
4. Imakethe ifuna amandla
- Isidingo seGlobal se-Rare Earths kulindeleke ukuthi sikhule sibe ngamathani angama-300,000 ngonyaka ngo-2030, ngokwanda okuvela ekuzuzeni kwezimoto zikagesi namandla omoya. Noma ngabe i-Ukraine ikhiqiza amandla aphelele, kuzoba nzima ukubhekana negebe.
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Isiphetho: Ukubuyiselwa okuyingxenye kunokuba kunciphise okuphelele
Eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo, i-Ukraine ingahle ibe yisengezo sesifunda emgqeni wokuhlinzekwa komhlaba komhlaba eYurophu nase-United States, kepha isilinganiso sayo sezimboni, izinga lezobuchwepheshe, kanye nemvelo ye-geopolias Okuguquguqukayo kwangempela yile:
- Ukuqhekeka kwezobuchwepheshe: Uma i-Ukraine ifinyelela egxumela phambili ekuvuseleleni umhlaba kabusha noma ubuchwepheshe bezimayini eziluhlaza, kungathuthukisa ukuncintisana kwayo;
- Umdlalo ophakathi kwamandla amakhulu uyakhuphuka: Uma i-United States isekela i-Ukraine ngazo zonke izindleko endaweni "ye-wartime", ingasheshisa ukwakhiwa kabusha kwecala lokuhlinzekwa.
Isifundo esivela e-Ukraine's Earth Earth Story ukuthi umncintiswano wezinsizakusebenza ususukile kumdlalo onzima "wezobuchwepheshe + i-Geopolitical Ithonya", futhi inselelo yangempela yaseChina ingavela ekuhlaselweni kobuchwepheshe obuphazamisayo kunokuphakama kwenye izwe elinezinhlelo zokusebenza.
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" Umzamo ka-Ukraine angaba nje umlobi waphansi kulo mdlalo.