I-Cesium iyinto engajwayelekile futhi ebalulekile yensimbi, futhi iChina ibhekene nezinselelo ezivela eCanada nase-United States ngokuya ngamalungelo ezimayini emayini ye-cesium enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, Imayini yeTambo. Imayini. I-Cesium idlala indima engenakufinyeleleka kumawashi e-athomu, amaseli elanga, umuthi, ukumba uwoyela, njll. Kubuye kube amaminerali amasu ngoba kungasetshenziswa ukwenza izikhali nemicibisholo yenuzi.
Izakhiwo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-cesium.
IndebeInto eyinto engavamile kakhulu yensimbi, okuqukethwe kwemvelo kuyi-3ppm kuphela, futhi kungenye yezinto ezinokuqukethwe okuphansi kwe-alkali ku-crust yomhlaba. I-Cesium inezinto eziningi ezihlukile zomzimba nezamakhemikhali ezifana nokusebenza okuphezulu kakhulu kukagesi, iphuzu eliphansi kakhulu lokuncibilika nokufakwa okuqinile kokukhanya, okwenza kusetshenziswe kabanzi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene.
Kwezokuxhumana ngocingo, i-cesium isetshenziselwa ukwenza amakheshana e-fiber optic, ama-photodeteepers, ama-lasers namanye amadivaysi ukuthuthukisa ijubane nekhwalithi yokudluliselwa kwesiginali. I-Cesium nayo iyisitatimende esibalulekile sobuchwepheshe bokuxhumana 5G ngoba inganikeza ngezinsizakalo zokuvumelanisa ngesikhathi esifanele.
Ensimini yamandla, i-cesium ingasetshenziswa ukukhiqiza amaseli elanga, ama-gerator we-Ferrofluid, izinjini ze-Ion Propulsion namanye amadivaysi amasha okuthuthukisa amandla okuguqulwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kahle. I-Cesium futhi iyisitatimende esibalulekile ezisetshenziselwa i-aerospace njengoba isetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokuhamba nge-satellite, amadivaysi e-Night Vision Magange kanye ne-Ion Cloud Communications.
Kwezokwelapha, i-CESIUM ingasetshenziswa ukwenza izidakamizwa njengamaphilisi okulala, ama-sedatives, izidakamizwa ezi-antiepiletic, futhi athuthukise umsebenzi wohlelo lwezinzwa lomuntu. I-Cesium nayo isetshenziswa ekwelashweni kwemisebe, njengokuphathwa komdlavuza, njengomdlavuza we-Prostate.
Embonini yamakhemikhali, i-cesium ingasetshenziswa ukwenza ama-catalysts, amakhemikhali ama-reagents, ama-electrolyte neminye imikhiqizo ukwenza ngcono isilinganiso kanye nokusebenza ngempumelelo kokuphendula kwamakhemikhali. I-Cesium futhi iyisitatimende esibalulekile ekubizeni uwoyela ngoba ingasetshenziswa ukwenza uketshezi olunamanzi aphezulu futhi lungasetshenziswa ukwenza ngcono ukuqina kanye nokusebenza kahle koketshezi lokumba.
Ukusatshalaliswa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinsiza ze-cesium zomhlaba. Njengamanje, ukusetshenziswa okukhulu kakhulu kwe-cesium kusentuthuko kawoyela negesi yemvelo. Amakhompiyutha ayo eCesium aqala futhicesium carbonateIngabe uketshezi olunamanzi aphezulu, olungathuthukisa ukuqina kanye nokusebenza kahle koketshezi lokumba futhi kuvimbele ukuwa kodonga kahle kanye nokuvuza kwegesi.
I-Minimable Carnet Deposits itholakala ezindaweni ezintathu kuphela emhlabeni: Imayini yeTanco eCanada, Imayini yaseBikita eZimbabwe naseZimbair nemayini e-Australia. Phakathi kwazo, indawo yeTanco Mining iyimayini enkulu kunazo zonke ye-cesium garonet etholakele kuze kube manje, i-accounting ka-80% yezinsizakusebenza ze-cesium garnet emhlabeni, kanye nebanga elijwayelekile le-cesium onide lingu-23.3%. I-Cesium oxide amamaki afinyelela ku-11.5% no-17% eBikita nasezimbizaneni ezi-Sitter, ngokulandelana. Lezi zindawo ezintathu zezimayini ziyindawo ejwayelekile ye-lithium cesium tantalum (LCT) ye-pegmatite deposits, ecebile ku-cesium garnet, okuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwe-cesium.
Izinhlelo zokutholwa kanye nokunwebeka kwezimayini zeTanco.
I-United States ingumthengi omkhulu we-cesium, abalalelwa cishe ama-40%, alandelwa yiChina. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa ye-monopoly yaseChina kwi-cesium mining futhi kucwengezele, cishe zonke lezi zimayini ezinkulu ezintathu zidluliselwe eChina.
Previously, after the Chinese company acquired the Tanko mine from an American company and resumed production in 2020, it also subscribed for a 5.72% stake in PWM and obtained the right to acquire all lithium, cesium and tantalum products of the Case Lake project. Kodwa-ke, iCanada ngonyaka owedlule idinga izinkampani ezintathu zama-lithium zama-chinese ukuthengisa noma ukuhoxisa izibalo zazo ezinkampanini zezimayini zaseCanada ngaphakathi kwezinsuku ezingama-90, kuveza izizathu zokuphepha kwezwe.
Phambilini, i-Australia yayenqabile uhlelo lwenkampani yaseChina ukuthola isigxobo esingu-15% eLynas, kumkhiqizi omkhulu emhlabeni wase-Australia. Ngaphezu kokukhiqiza umhlaba ongavamile, i-Australia nayo inelungelo lokuthuthukisa imayini ye-Sinclair. Kodwa-ke, i-cesium garnet eyenziwe esigabeni sokuqala semayini ye-Sinclair yatholwa yinkampani yakwamanye amazwe iCabotsf etholwe yinkampani yaseChina.
Indawo ye-Bikita Mining iyidiphozithi enkulu kunazo zonke ye-lithium-cesium-tantalum-tantalum-tantalum-tantalum Inkampani yaseChina ithengile isigxobo samaphesenti angama-51 emayini ivela enkampanini yase-Australia ngama- $ 165 million kanye nezinhlelo zokukhulisa amandla okukhiqiza ama-lithium agxilisa amathani angama-180,000 ngonyaka.
Ukubamba iqhaza kwaseCanada nase-US kanye nokuncintisana emayini yeTanco
Bobabili iCanada nase-United States bangamalungu "e-Five Ayes Alealiance" futhi abe nama-Secondvor ezepolitiki nezempi. Ngakho-ke, i-United States ingalawula ukulethwa komhlaba wonke kwezinsizakusebenza ze-cesium noma angenelele ngemali yawo, ibeka usongo olunamasu eChina.
Uhulumeni waseCanada ufake ama-cesium njengeminerali ebalulekile futhi wethule uchungechunge lwezindlela zenqubomgomo ukuvikela nokuthuthukisa izimboni zasekhaya. Isibonelo, ngonyaka we-2019, eCanada nase-United States basayine isivumelwano esikhulu sokubambisana sezimayini ukukhuthaza ukubambisana phakathi kwamazwe amabili ngokuphepha okuphephile kanye ne-cesium. Ngo-2020, eCanada nase-Australia kwasayina isivumelwano esifanayo nethonya elihlanganayo laseChina emakethe yamaminerali omhlaba. ICanada ibuye isekele ukuthuthukiswa kwe-cesium ye-cesium ore kanye nezinkampani ezifana ne-PWM neCabot ngokutshalwa kwemali, izibonelelo kanye nezinkuthazo zentela.
Njengomthengi we-cesium omkhulu we-cesium emhlabeni, i-United States nayo ifaka ukubaluleka okukhulu kunani elinamasu nokuvikelwa kwe-cesium. Ngo-2018, i-United States yaqoka i-cesium njengenye yamaminerali ayinhloko angama-35, futhi yahlanganisa umbiko wamasu ngamaminerali asemqoka, iphakamisa uchungechunge lwezinyathelo zokuqinisekisa ukuhlinzekwa kwesikhathi eside kwe-cesium nezinye izimbiwa.
Ukwakheka kanye nenkinga yezinye izinsiza ze-cesium eChina.
Ngaphezu kwemayini yeVikita, iChina nayo ifuna amathuba okuthola izinsiza ze-cesium kwezinye izifunda. Isibonelo, ngonyaka we-2019, inkampani yaseChina yasayina isivumelwano sokubambisana nenkampani yasePeru yokuhlanza ngokuhlanganyela iphrojekthi ye-Lithium, i-strontium, i-calcium, i-sodium, ne-cesium oxide. Kulindeleke ukuthi kube yindawo yesibili yokukhiqiza le-lithiyum eSouth America.
I-China ibhekene nobunzima nezinselelo eziningi ekwabiweni kwezinsizakusebenza ze-Global Cesium.
Okokuqala, izinsiza ze-Cesium Global zinqabile kakhulu futhi zihlakazekile, futhi kunzima eChina ukuthola amadiphozithi amakhulu we-cesium aphezulu. Okwesibili, umqhudelwano wembulunga wamaminerali osemqoka onjenge-cesium uya ngokuya enolaka, futhi iChina ingabhekana nokuphazamiseka kwezepolitiki nakwezomnotho kanye nezingqinamba ezivela eCanada kanye nemikhawulo yokutshala izimali ezinkampanini zamaShayina. Okwesithathu, ubuchwepheshe bokukhishwa kanye nokucubungula kwe-cesium kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi kuyabiza. Ngabe iChina iphendula kanjani empini yeMinerals Ebalulekile?
Ukuze uvikele ukuphepha kwezwe kanye nezintshisekelo zezomnotho zeChina ezibalulekile amaminerali amaminerali, uhulumeni waseChina uhlela ukuthatha le nqubo elandelayo esebenzayo:
Qinisa ukuhlola kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwemithombo ye-cesium emhlabeni, thola amadiphozithi amasha we-cesium, futhi uthuthukise ukwaneliseka nokuhlukaniswa kwezinsiza ze-cesium.
Qinisa Ukuvuselelwa kabusha kweCesium, Thuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-Cesium ukusetshenziswa kanye nejubane lokujikeleza kwegazi, futhi kunciphise imfucuza ye-cesium nokungcola.
Qinisa ucwaningo lwesayensi ye-Cesium kanye nokwenziwa okusha, ukuthuthukisa ezinye izinto ze-cesium noma ubuchwepheshe, futhi kunciphise ukuncika kwe-cesium kanye nokusebenzisa.
Qinisa ukusebenzisana kwamazwe omhlaba kanye nokushintshaniswa kwe-cesium, asungule umshini wokuhweba ozinzile futhi ofanelekile kanye nendlela yokutshala imali enamazwe afanele, futhi alondoloze ukuhleleka okunempilo kwemakethe ye-Global cesium.