I-Global Times 2024-08-17 06:46 Beijing
Ukuze kuvikelwe ukuvikeleka kwezwe kanye nezintshisakalo kanye nokufeza izibopho zamazwe ngamazwe njengokungasakazeki, ngo-August 15, uMnyango Wezohwebo wase-China kanye Nokuphathwa Okujwayelekile KweCustoms bakhiphe isimemezelo, benquma ukusebenzisa ukulawula ukuthekelisai-antimonynezinto zokwakha eziqinile kakhulu kusukela ngoSepthemba 15, futhi akukho ukuthekelisa okuzovunyelwa ngaphandle kwemvume. Ngokwesimemezelo, izinto ezilawulwayo zifaka i-antimony ore nezinto zokusetshenziswa,i-antimony yensimbikanye nemikhiqizo,ama-antimony compounds, kanye nobuchwepheshe obuhlobene bokuncibilikisa nokuhlukanisa. Izicelo zokuthekelisa izinto ezibalwe ngenhla kufanele zisho umsebenzisi wokugcina kanye nokusetshenziswa kokugcina. Phakathi kwazo, izinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ezinomthelela omkhulu ekuvikelekeni kwezwe zizobikwa kuMkhandlu Wezwe ukuze ugunyazwe uMnyango Wezohwebo ngokuhlanganyela neminyango efanele.
Ngokombiko ovela e-China Merchants Securities, i-antimony isetshenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni amabhethri e-lead-acid, imishini ye-photovoltaic, ama-semiconductors, ama-flame retardants, amadivaysi e-infrared akude, nemikhiqizo yezempi, futhi ibizwa ngokuthi "i-MSG yezimboni". Ikakhulukazi, izinto zokwakha ze-antimonide semiconductor zinamathemba okusebenza abanzi emikhakheni yezempi neyomphakathi njengama-lasers nezinzwa. Phakathi kwazo, emkhakheni wezempi, ingasetshenziswa ukukhiqiza izinhlamvu, imicibisholo eqondiswa nge-infrared, izikhali zenuzi, izibuko zokubona ebusuku, njll. I-Antimony iyindlala kakhulu. Iziqiwu ezitholakala njengamanje ze-antimony zingahlangabezana nokusetshenziswa komhlaba wonke kuphela iminyaka engama-24, ngaphansi kakhulu kweminyaka engama-433 yomhlaba ongavamile kanye neminyaka engama-200 ye-lithium. Ngenxa yokushoda kwayo, ukusetshenziswa okubanzi, kanye nezimfanelo ezithile zempi, i-United States, i-European Union, i-China, namanye amazwe abhale i-antimony njengomthombo wamasu wamaminerali. Idatha ibonisa ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwe-antimony emhlabeni jikelele kugxile kakhulu e-China, e-Tajikistan nase-Turkey, kanti i-China ibalwa cishe ku-48%. I-Hong Kong "South China Morning Post" yathi i-US International Trade Commission yake yasho ukuthi i-antimony iyimaminerali ebalulekile ekuvikelekeni kwezomnotho nezwe. Ngokombiko wango-2024 we-United States Geological Survey, e-United States, ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwe-antimony kuhlanganisa ukukhiqizwa kwama-antimony-lead alloys, izinhlamvu, nezinto ezivimbela ilangabi. Ku-antimony ore nama-oxides ayo angeniswe yi-United States kusuka ngo-2019 kuya ku-2022, ama-63% aqhamuka eChina.
Kungenxa yalezi zizathu ezingenhla ukuthi ukulawulwa kokuthekelisa kwe-China kwe-antimony ngokwenqubo yamazwe ngamazwe kudonse ukunaka okukhulu kwabezindaba bangaphandle. Eminye imibiko ihlawumbisela ukuthi lokhu kuyisinyathelo sokuphikisa esithathwe i-China ngokumelene ne-United States namanye amazwe aseNtshonalanga ngezinhloso ze-geopolitical. I-Bloomberg News e-United States ithe i-United States icubungula ukukhawulela ikhono le-China lokuthola ama-chips okugcina ubuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye nemishini yokukhiqiza ye-semiconductor. Njengoba uhulumeni wase-US ekhulisa ukuvinjwa kwe-chip ngokumelene neChina, imikhawulo yeBeijing kumaminerali abalulekile ibonakala njengempendulo ye-tit-for-tat e-United States. NgokweRadio France Internationale, ukuncintisana phakathi kwamazwe aseNtshonalanga neChina kuya ngokushuba, futhi ukulawula ukuthunyelwa kwale nsimbi kwamanye amazwe kungase kubangele izinkinga ezimbonini zamazwe aseNtshonalanga.
Umkhulumeli woMnyango Wezohwebo waseChina uthe ngomhla ka-15 kuwumkhuba owamukelekayo emhlabeni wonke ukubeka izilawuli zokuthumela ngaphandle ezintweni ezihlobene ne-antimony nezinto eziqinile. Izinqubomgomo ezifanele aziqondiswe kunoma yiliphi izwe noma isifunda esithile. Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe okuhambisana nemithethonqubo efanele kuzovunyelwa. Umkhulumeli ugcizelele ukuthi uhulumeni waseShayina uzimisele ukugcina ukuthula emhlabeni wonke nokuzinza ezindaweni ezizungezile, ukuqinisekisa ukuvikeleka kochungechunge lwezimboni zomhlaba wonke kanye nochungechunge lokuhlinzeka, nokukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kohwebo oluthobelayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iphikisana nanoma yiliphi izwe noma isifunda esisebenzisa izinto ezilawulwayo ezivela e-China ukwenza imisebenzi ebukela phansi ubukhosi bukazwelonke be-China, ukuphepha, kanye nezintshisakalo zentuthuko.
U-Li Haidong, uchwepheshe wezindaba zaseMelika e-China Foreign Affairs University, engxoxweni ne-Global Times ngomhla ka-16 ukuthi ngemva kokumba izimayini nokuthekelisa isikhathi eside, ukushoda kwe-antimony kuye kwanda kakhulu. Ngokunikeza ilayisensi yokuthunyelwa kwayo kwamanye amazwe, i-China ingavikela lesi sisetshenziswa esibalulekile futhi ivikele ukuphepha komnotho kazwelonke, kuyilapho iqhubeka nokuqinisekisa ukuvikeleka nokuzinza kochungechunge lwemboni ye-antimony yomhlaba wonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokuthi i-antimony ingasetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni izikhali, i-China igcizelele ngokukhethekile abasebenzisi bokugcina kanye nokusebenzisa ukuthengiswa kwe-antimony ukuze kuvinjelwe ukusetshenziswa ezimpini zempi, okubuye kube ukubonakaliswa kokugcwaliseka kweShayina kokungasakazeki kwamazwe ngamazwe. izibopho. Ukulawulwa kokuthekelisa kwe-antimony kanye nokucacisa indawo yokugcina nokusetshenziswa kwayo kuzosiza ukuvikela ubukhosi bukazwelonke be-China, ukuphepha, kanye nezintshisakalo zentuthuko.