Ngokuthuthuka kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe kanye nezinguquko eziqhubekayo ekufuneni kwemakethe, ucwaningo kanye nokusungulwa kokusungulwa kwemibala nemibala embonini ye-ceramic, ingilazi, kanye nezingubo zokugqoka kuye kwathuthukela ekusebenzeni okuphezulu, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, nokuzinza. Kule nqubo, i-manganese tetraoxide (Mn₃O₄), njengento ebalulekile yamakhemikhali angaphili, idlala indima ebalulekile embonini ye-ceramic pigment kanye ne-colorant ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezihlukile zomzimba namakhemikhali.
Izici zemanganese tetraoxide
I-Manganese tetraoxide ingenye yama-oxide e-manganese, ngokuvamile avela ngendlela yempushana emnyama noma emnyama, enokuqina okushisayo okuqinile kanye nokungabi namandla kwamakhemikhali. Ifomula yayo yamangqamuzana ithi Mn₃O₄, ebonisa ukwakheka kwe-elekthronikhi okuyingqayizivele, okuyenza ibe namathemba anhlobonhlobo okusebenza emikhakheni eminingi, okuhlanganisa izimboni zobumba, ingilazi, nezimboni zensimbi. Ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokudubula okunokushisa okuphezulu, i-manganese tetraoxide ingakwazi ukugcina izakhiwo zamakhemikhali ezinzile, akulula ukubola noma ukuguqulwa, futhi ifaneleka kumaceramics ashiswe ngezinga eliphezulu lokushisa kanye nama-glaze.
Umgomo wokusetshenziswa kwe-manganese tetraoxide ku-ceramic pigment kanye nemboni yombala
I-Manganese tetraoxide idlala indima ebalulekile njengesithwali sombala kanye ne-pigment embonini ye-ceramic pigment kanye ne-colorant. Izimiso zayo eziyinhloko zokusetshenziswa zihlanganisa:
Ukwakheka kombala: I-Manganese tetraoxide ingasabela nezinye izinto zamakhemikhali ku-ceramic glaze ukuze kukhiqizwe ama-pigments aqinile afana nsundu omnyama kanye nomnyama ngesikhathi sokudubula kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Le mibala isetshenziswa kakhulu emikhiqizweni yokuhlobisa ye-ceramic efana ne-porcelain, izitsha zobumba, namathayili. I-Manganese tetraoxide ivamise ukusetshenziswa njengesithako sombala ukuletha imiphumela yemibala ethambile futhi eqinile kuma-ceramics.
Ukuzinza kwe-thermal: Njengoba izakhiwo zamakhemikhali ze-manganese tetraoxide zizinzile emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, zingamelana nokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa ku-ceramic glaze nokunye ukusabela kwamakhemikhali ngesikhathi sokudubula, ngakho-ke ingakwazi ukugcina umbala wayo isikhathi eside futhi iqinisekise ukusebenza kwekhwalithi ephezulu ye-ceramic. imikhiqizo.
Ayinabuthi futhi ayihambisani nemvelo: Njenge-pigment ye-inorganic, i-manganese tetraoxide ayinazo izinto eziyingozi. Ngakho-ke, ekukhiqizweni kwe-ceramic yesimanje, i-manganese tetraoxide ayikwazi ukuhlinzeka ngemiphumela yombala wekhwalithi ephezulu kuphela kodwa futhi ihlangabezana nezidingo zokuvikela imvelo futhi ihlangabezane nezidingo zabathengi zokuphepha nokuvikelwa kwemvelo.
Indima ye-manganese tetraoxide ekwenzeni ngcono imboni ye-ceramic pigment kanye ne-colorant
Ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yombala nokuzinza: Ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo zamakhemikhali ezizinzile kanye nokuzinza okuhle kakhulu kokushisa, i-manganese tetraoxide ingagcina umphumela ozinzile wombala phakathi nenqubo yokudubula kwe-ceramic, igweme ukufiphala noma ukuguquguquka kwe-pigment, futhi iqinisekise ubuhle obuhlala isikhathi eside bemikhiqizo ye-ceramic. Ngakho-ke, ingathuthukisa kakhulu ikhwalithi nokubukeka kwemikhiqizo ye-ceramic.
Ukwenza ngcono inqubo yokukhiqiza imikhiqizo ye-ceramic: Njengesengezo sombala nekhemikhali, i-manganese tetraoxide ingasiza abakhiqizi be-ceramic benze inqubo yokukhiqiza ibe lula. Ukuzinza kwayo emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kuvumela i-glaze enqubweni yokukhiqiza ye-ceramic ukugcina umbala wekhwalithi ephezulu ngaphandle kokulungiswa okuningi.
Ukuthuthukisa ukucwebezela nokujula kombala: Emdwebeni nasekwelashweni okucwebezelayo kwezitsha zobumba, i-manganese tetraoxide ingathuthukisa ukucwebezela nokujula kombala kwemikhiqizo yobumba, kwenze umphumela obonakalayo wemikhiqizo unothe futhi ube nezinhlangothi ezintathu, ngokuhambisana nezidingo abathengi besimanje bezitsha zobumba zobuciko nezenziwe ngezifiso.
Ukuvikelwa kwemvelo nokuthuthukiswa okusimeme: Ngokuthuthukiswa kwezimfuneko zokuvikela imvelo, i-manganese tetraoxide, njengeminerali yemvelo engenabuthi futhi engangcoli, ihlangabezana nezimfuneko zokuvikelwa kwemvelo kwezimibalabala zesimanje ze-ceramic. Abakhiqizi basebenzisa i-manganese tetraoxide ukuze banciphise ngempumelelo ukukhishwa kwezinto eziyingozi ohlelweni lokukhiqiza futhi bahlangabezane namazinga okukhiqiza okuluhlaza.
Isimo samanje sokusetshenziswa kwe-manganese tetraoxide embonini yamakhemikhali e-inorganic pigment kanye ne-pigment e-United States.
E-United States, izimboni ze-inorganic pigment namakhemikhali zithuthuka ngokushesha, futhi i-manganese tetraoxide kancane kancane iye yaba enye yezinto ezibalulekile ezimbonini zobumba, ingilazi, nezokunamathela. Abakhiqizi abaningi be-ceramic baseMelika, abakhiqizi bezingilazi, kanye nabakhiqizi bemisebenzi yezandla ye-ceramic yobuciko sebeqalile ukusebenzisa i-manganese tetraoxide njengenye yemibalabala ukuthuthukisa umphumela wombala nokuzinza kwemikhiqizo.
Isetshenziswa kakhulu embonini ye-ceramic: Imikhiqizo ye-ceramic yaseMelika, ikakhulukazi izitsha zobumba zobuciko, amathayela, nezinto zetafula, ngokuvamile zisebenzisa i-manganese tetraoxide ukuze kuzuzwe ukuhlukahluka kwemibala nokujula. Ngokukhula kwesidingo semakethe yemikhiqizo ye-ceramic yekhwalithi ephezulu, ukusetshenziswa kwe-manganese tetraoxide kancane kancane sekuyinto ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukuncintisana kwemikhiqizo ye-ceramic.
Ikhuthazwa yimithethonqubo yezemvelo: Imithetho eqinile yezemvelo e-United States iholele ekwandeni kwesidingo semibala namakhemikhali angenabungozi futhi angayingeni imvelo. I-Manganese tetraoxide ihlangabezana nalezi zidingo zemvelo, ngakho inokuncintisana okuqinile emakethe. Abakhiqizi abaningi be-ceramic pigment bakhetha ukusebenzisa i-manganese tetraoxide njengombala oyinhloko.
Kugqugquzelwa ukuqanjwa kabusha kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nesidingo semakethe: Ngokusungulwa okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe, ukusetshenziswa kwe-manganese tetraoxide akukhawulelwe kuphela ezimbonini zendabuko ze-ceramic nezengilazi kodwa futhi kwanwetshwa embonini yokuhlanganisa ekhulayo, ikakhulukazi emkhakheni wezingubo ezidinga izinga eliphezulu- ukumelana nezinga lokushisa kanye nokumelana nesimo sezulu esinamandla. Umphumela wayo omuhle kakhulu wombala nokuzinza kuye kwayenza yabonakala kancane kancane kule mikhakha.
Isiphetho: Amathemba e-manganese tetraoxide embonini ye-ceramic pigment kanye ne-colorant
Njengombala osebenza kahle kakhulu we-inorganic pigment kanye nombala, ukusetshenziswa kwe-manganese tetraoxide ezimbonini ze-ceramic, ingilazi, kanye nezingubo zokumboza kuzohlinzeka ngokusekelwa okuqinile kokuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo kanye nokwenza kahle kwezinqubo zokukhiqiza. Ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe kanye nesidingo esikhulayo semakethe semikhiqizo evumelana nemvelo nehlala isikhathi eside, i-manganese tetraoxide izokhombisa ithemba elibanzi lokusetshenziswa emakethe yomhlaba, ikakhulukazi embonini ye-ceramic pigment kanye ne-inorganic pigment e-United States. Ngokusebenzisa izinto ezintsha kanye nokusetshenziswa okunengqondo, i-manganese tetraoxide ayikwazi nje ukukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi ephezulu yemikhiqizo yobumba kodwa futhi ikhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa okuluhlaza nokusimeme kwemboni.