6

Ukuqanjwa Kwezinsimbi Zomhlaba Ezivamile

Impi ye-US-China Trade War ikhulisile ukukhathazeka ngaphezulu kweChina nge-Rare Earth Retal Tradery.

 

Maqondana

• Izimpikiswano ezikhuphukayo phakathi kwe-United States neChina ziye zakhanyisa ukukhathazeka ukuthi iBeijing ingasebenzisa isikhundla sayo esivelele njengomthengisi wabantu abanqabile bempi yempi ephakathi kwamandla okuhweba emhlabeni jikelele.

 

Yiziphi izinsimbi zomhlaba ezingandile?

• I-Rare Earth Metals yiqembu lezinto eziyi-17 - I-Lanthanum, Certium, PraseOdDodymium, NeNeodSium, Scarium, I-Scandium, i-yttrium, yttrium, yttrium - avela ekugxileni okuphansi emhlabathini.

• Ziyivelakancane ngoba zinzima futhi zibizeke ezami nasekusebenzeni zihlanzekile.

• Imihlaba engavamile imbiwe eChina, eNdiya, eNingizimu Afrika, e-Australia, e-Estonia, eMalaysia naseBrazil.

Ukubaluleka Kwezinsimbi Zomhlaba Ezivamile

• Banomehluko ohlukile, we-metallurgical, catalytic, inyumbane, kazibuthe kanye ne-luminenescent.

• Babaluleke kakhulu ngenxa yokusebenzisa kwabo ubuchwepheshe obusafufusa nabahlukahlukene obubheke izidingo zomphakathi wamanje.

• Ubuchwepheshe obuhle, ngokwesibonelo, i-supercoductivity ephezulu yokushisa, ukugcinwa okuphephile kanye nokuhanjiswa kwe-hydrogen kudinga lezi zinsimbi zomhlaba ezingandile.

• Isidingo sembulunga yonke se-DEMS siyanda kakhulu ngokuhambisana nokwanda kwabo kubuchwepheshe obuphakeme, imvelo kanye nezindawo zezomnotho.

• Ngenxa yezakhiwo zazo zobude obuyingqayizivele, kanye nezakhiwo ze-electrochemical, zisiza kubuchwepheshe benze ngesisindo esincishisiwe, ukuncishiswa kokukhishwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla.

 

Izicelo ze-Rare Earth Metals

• Izinto zomhlaba ezingavamile zisetshenziswa emikhiqizweni ehlukahlukene yabathengi, kusuka kuma-iPhones kuya kuma-satellites nama-lasers.

• Zisetshenziswa namabhethri atholakala kabusha, ama-ceramics athuthukile, amakhompyutha, abadlali be-DVD, ama-turbines ezimoto, ama-carbines ezimotweni, ama-fiber optimes, ama-superconductors kanye ne-glass polishing.

• Izithuthi ze-E-: izinto ezimbalwa zomhlaba ezingandile, ezinjenge-neodymium ne-dysprosium, zibalulekile kuma-motors asetshenziswa ezimotweni zikagesi.

• Ukuhlinzekwa Kwezempi: Amanye amaminerali omhlaba angavamile aqakathekile emishini yezempi efana nezinjini zezempi, izinhlelo zokuqondisa ezilahlekile, amasistimu wokuvikela ama-antimile, nama-satellite, kanye nase-lasers. Isibonelo, uLanthanum uyadingeka ukukhiqiza amadivayisi wokubuka ebusuku.

 

Ukubaluleka kweChina nge-US WRT Rare Earth Elements (Ree)

• I-China iyikhaya laya ku-37% we-Global Rave Works Reservation. Ngo-2017, iChina yabalwa ngo-81% womhlaba onqabile emhlabeni.

• I-China ibamba iningi lamandla okusebenza komhlaba futhi lihlinzeke ngama-80% omhlaba ongavamile ongeniswe yi-United States kusuka ngo-2014 kuya ku-2017.

• Imayini ye-California Pass Pass ukuphela kwesikhungo somhlaba esingavamile esisebenzayo. Kepha kuthunyelwa ingxenye enkulu yokukhishwa eChina ukucubungula.

• I-China ibeke intela yamanani ka-25% kulokho okungeniswa ngesikhathi sempi yezohwebo.
20200906225026_28332

Isikhundla saseNdiya

• I-China, e-Australia, e-US naseNdiya yimithombo ebalulekile emhlabeni yezinto zomhlaba ezingavamile.

• Njengezilinganiso ngakunye, indawo ephelele engavamile yoMhlaba E-India ingamathani ayizigidi eziyi-10.21.

• I-Monazinte, equkethe i-thorium ne-uranium, ingumthombo oyinhloko womhlaba ongavamile eNdiya. Ngenxa yokuba khona kwalezi zinto ezinemisebe, izimayini zezihlabathi zeMonazite zenziwa yigatsha likahulumeni.

• I-India ingumhlinzeki wezinto zokwenziwa komhlaba ezingavamile kanye nomhlaba oyisisekelo ongavamile. Asikwazanga ukuthuthukisa amayunithi ecubungula izinto zomhlaba ezingandile.

• Ukukhiqizwa kwezindleko eziphansi yiChina kuyimbangela enkulu yokwehla kokukhiqizwa komhlaba okungavamile e-India.