Global Times 2024-08-17 06:46 Beijing
Ukukhusela ukhuseleko lwesizwe kunye nezinto ezinomdla kunye nokuzalisekisa izibophelelo zamazwe ngamazwe ezifana nokunganyangeki, ngo-Agasti 15, uMphathiswa wezoRhwebo kunye noLawulo oluPhezulu lweCustoms lukhuphe isibhengezo, isigqibo sokuphumeza ulawulo lokuthumela ngaphandle.i-antimonykunye nezixhobo eziqinileyo ukusuka ngoSeptemba 15, kwaye akukho ukuthumela ngaphandle kuya kuvunyelwa ngaphandle kwemvume. Ngokwesibhengezo, izinto ezilawulwayo ziquka i-antimony ore kunye nezinto eziluhlaza,i-antimony yesinyithikunye neemveliso,iikhompawundi antimony, kunye neetekhnoloji ezinxulumene nokunyibilikisa kunye nokwahlula. Izicelo zokuthumela ngaphandle kwezi zinto zikhankanywe ngasentla kufuneka zichaze umsebenzisi wokugqibela kunye nokuphela kokusetyenziswa. Phakathi kwazo, izinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ezinempembelelo enkulu kukhuseleko lwesizwe ziya kuxelwa kwiBhunga likaRhulumente ukuze livunywe nguMphathiswa wezoRhwebo ngokubambisana namasebe afanelekileyo.
Ngokwengxelo evela kwi-China Merchants Securities, i-antimony isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekuveliseni iibhetri ze-lead-acid, izixhobo ze-photovoltaic, i-semiconductors, i-flame retardants, izixhobo ezikude ze-infrared, kunye nemveliso yezempi, kwaye ibizwa ngokuba "yi-MSG yamashishini". Ngokukodwa, imathiriyeli ye-antimonide semiconductor inethemba elibanzi losetyenziso kwimimandla yasemkhosini neyasekuhlaleni efana neelases kunye nezinzwa. Phakathi kwabo, kwintsimi yomkhosi, ingasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa izixhobo, imijukujelwa ekhokelwa yi-infrared, izixhobo zenyukliya, izibuko zokubona ebusuku, njl njl. I-Antimony inqabile kakhulu. Oovimba be-antimony abafunyenwe ngoku banokuhlangabezana kuphela nokusetyenziswa kwehlabathi iminyaka engama-24, ngaphantsi kakhulu kwiminyaka engama-433 yomhlaba onqabileyo kunye neminyaka engama-200 ye-lithium. Ngenxa yokunqongophala kwayo, ukusetyenziswa okubanzi, kunye neempawu ezithile zomkhosi, i-United States, iManyano yaseYurophu, i-China, kunye namanye amazwe adwelise i-antimony njengobutyebi bezimbiwa obunobuchule. Idatha ibonisa ukuba imveliso ye-antimony yehlabathi igxile kakhulu e-China, eTajikistan, naseTurkey, kunye ne-China ethatha i-48%. I-Hong Kong "i-South China Morning Post" yathi i-US International Trade Commission yakha yathi i-antimony iyiminerali ebalulekileyo kuqoqosho nokhuseleko lwesizwe. Ngokutsho kwengxelo yowama-2024 yeUnited States Geological Survey, eUnited States, eyona nto isetyenziswayo kwiantimony kuquka ukuveliswa kwealloyi yelothe, iimbumbulu, nezinto ezikwaziyo ukumelana nedangatye. Kwi-antimony ore kunye neeoksidi zayo ezingeniswe e-United States ukusuka ngo-2019 ukuya ku-2022, iipesenti ezingama-63 zivela eTshayina.
Kungenxa yezi zizathu zingasentla ukuba ulawulo lwase-China lokuthumela ngaphandle kwi-antimony ngokwezenzo zamazwe ngamazwe lutsale umdla omkhulu kumajelo eendaba angaphandle. Ezinye iingxelo ziqikelela ukuba eli linyathelo lokuchasa elithathwe yi-China ngokuchasene ne-United States kunye namanye amazwe aseNtshona ngeenjongo ze-geopolitical. Iindaba zeBloomberg e-United States zathi i-United States ithathela ingqalelo unilaterally ukuthintela amandla eTshayina ekufumaneni iitshiphusi zokugcina ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa kunye nezixhobo zokwenza i-semiconductor. Njengoko urhulumente wase-US esanda ukuvalwa kwe-chip yakhe ngokuchasene ne-China, izithintelo zaseBeijing kwizimbiwa eziphambili zibonwa njengempendulo ye-tit-for-tat e-United States. Ngokutsho kweRadio France Internationale, ukhuphiswano phakathi kwamazwe aseNtshona neTshayina luya luqina, kwaye ukulawula ukuthunyelwa kwesi sinyithi kumazwe angaphandle kunokubangela iingxaki kwimizi-mveliso yamazwe aseNtshona.
Isithethi soMphathiswa wezoRhwebo lwaseChina sathi ngomhla we-15 ukuba yinkqubo eyamkelekileyo kumazwe ngamazwe ukumisela ulawulo lokuthumela ngaphandle kwizinto ezinxulumene ne-antimony kunye nezixhobo ezinzima kakhulu. Imigaqo-nkqubo efanelekileyo ayijoliswanga kulo naliphi na ilizwe okanye ummandla othile. Iimpahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ezithobela imigaqo efanelekileyo ziya kuvunyelwa. Isithethi sigxininise ukuba urhulumente waseTshayina uzimisele ukugcina uxolo lwehlabathi kunye nozinzo kwiindawo ezingqongileyo, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwekhonkco lwezoshishino lwehlabathi kunye nokubonelela, kunye nokukhuthaza uphuhliso lorhwebo oluthobelayo. Kwangaxeshanye, ichasene naliphi na ilizwe okanye ummandla usebenzisa izinto ezilawulwayo ezivela eTshayina ukwenza izinto ezijongela phantsi ulongamo lwesizwe lwaseTshayina, ukhuseleko, kunye nophuhliso lomdla.
U-Li Haidong, ingcali kwimiba yaseMelika kwiYunivesithi yaseChina yezangaphandle, uthe ngodliwano-ndlebe kunye ne-Global Times ngomhla we-16 ukuba emva kokumbiwa kwemigodi kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle kwexesha elide, ukunqongophala kwe-antimony kuye kwanda kakhulu. Ngokunika ilayisensi yokuthunyelwa kwayo ngaphandle, i-China inokukhusela esi sixhobo sobuchule kwaye ikhusele ukhuseleko loqoqosho lwesizwe, ngelixa iqhubeka nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nozinzo lwetsheyini yoshishino lwe-antimony yehlabathi. Ukongeza, ngenxa yokuba i-antimony ingasetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwezixhobo, i-China iye yabeka ugxininiso olukhethekileyo kubasebenzisi bokugqibela kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-antimony yokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ukuthintela ukuba ingasetyenziswa kwiimfazwe zomkhosi, nto leyo ebonakalisa ukuzaliseka kwe-China yokungabikho kwayo kumazwe ngamazwe. iimbopheleleko. Ulawulo lokuthumela ngaphandle kwe-antimony kunye nokucacisa indawo yokugqibela nokusetyenziswa kwayo kuya kunceda ukukhusela ulongamo lwesizwe lwaseTshayina, ukhuseleko, kunye nomdla wophuhliso.