1. Yintoni i-silicon yesinyithi?
Isilicon yesinyithi, ekwabizwa ngokuba yisilicon yemizi-mveliso, yimveliso yokunyibilikisa isilicon dioxide kunye nearhente yokunciphisa ikhabhoni kwiziko elintywiliselweyo le-arc. Icandelo eliphambili le-silicon lidla ngokuba ngaphezu kwe-98.5% kwaye ngaphantsi kwe-99.99%, kwaye ukungcola okusele kuyintsimbi, i-aluminium, i-calcium, njl.
E-China, i-silicon yensimbi idla ngokuhlula ngamabakala ahlukeneyo afana ne-553, 441, 421, 3303, 2202, 1101, njl., Eyahlula ngokomxholo wesinyithi, i-aluminium kunye ne-calcium.
2. Intsimi yesicelo se-silicon yensimbi
Usetyenziso olusezantsi lwesilicon yesinyithi ikakhulu yisilicon, i-polysilicon kunye ne-aluminium alloys. Ngo-2020, ukusetyenziswa kwe-China iyonke kumalunga ne-1.6 yezigidi zeetoni, kwaye umlinganiselo wokusetyenziswa umi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Ijeli ye-silica ineemfuno eziphezulu kwi-silicon yesinyithi kwaye idinga ibakala lemichiza, elihambelana nemodeli 421 #, ilandelwa yi-polysilicon, imodeli esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo 553 # kunye ne-441 #, kunye neemfuno ze-alloy aluminium ziphantsi kakhulu.
Nangona kunjalo, kwiminyaka yakutshanje, imfuno ye-polysilicon kwi-silicon ephilayo iye yanda, kwaye inxalenye yayo iye yaba nkulu kwaye inkulu. Imfuno ye-aluminium alloys ayinyukanga nje kuphela, kodwa iyancipha. Oku kuyeyona nto iphambili ebangela ukuba umthamo we-silicon yesinyithi ubonakale uphezulu, kodwa izinga lokusebenza liphantsi kakhulu, kwaye kukho ukunqongophala okukhulu kwe-silicon yentsimbi ephezulu kwimarike.
3. Ubume bemveliso ngo-2021
Ngokwezibalo, ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuJulayi ka-2021, ukuthunyelwa kwesinyithi se-silicon yaseChina kufikelele kwiitoni ezingama-466,000, ukunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka kwe-41%. Ngenxa yexabiso eliphantsi le-silicon yentsimbi e-China kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo, idityaniswa nokukhuselwa kwendalo kunye nezinye izizathu, amashishini amaninzi anexabiso eliphezulu anamazinga aphantsi okusebenza okanye avale ngokuthe ngqo.
Ngo-2021, ngenxa yobonelelo olwaneleyo, izinga lokusebenza le-silicon yensimbi liya kuba phezulu. Ukunikezelwa kwamandla akwanelanga, kwaye izinga lokusebenza kwe-silicon yensimbi iphantsi kakhulu kuneminyaka edlulileyo. I-silicon yecala le-Demand-side kunye ne-polysilicon zinqongophele kulo nyaka, ngamaxabiso aphezulu, amazinga aphezulu okusebenza, kunye nokunyuka kwemfuno ye-silicon yesinyithi. Imiba ebanzi ikhokelele ekunqongophelweni okukhulu kwesilicon yesinyithi.
Okwesine, indlela ezayo ye-silicon yensimbi
Ngokwemeko yokubonelela kunye nemfuno ehlalutyiweyo ngasentla, indlela ezayo ye-silicon yensimbi ixhomekeke kwisisombululo sezinto zangaphambili.
Okokuqala, kwimveliso ye-zombies, ixabiso lihlala liphezulu, kwaye enye imveliso ye-zombie iya kuphinda iqalise imveliso, kodwa iya kuthatha ixesha elithile.
Okwesibini, iintambo zamandla zangoku kwezinye iindawo zisaqhubeka. Ngenxa yokungonelanga kombane, ezinye iifektri zesilicon ziye zazisiwe ngokunqunyulwa kwamandla. Okwangoku, kusekho izixhobo ze-silicon ezivaliweyo, kwaye kunzima ukuzibuyisela kwixesha elifutshane.
Okwesithathu, ukuba amaxabiso angaphakathi ahlala ephezulu, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kulindeleke ukuba kwehle. Intsimbi yesilicon yaseChina ithunyelwa ikakhulu kumazwe aseAsia, nangona ayifane ithunyelwe kumazwe aseYurophu naseMelika. Nangona kunjalo, imveliso ye-silicon yezoshishino yaseYurophu inyukile ngenxa yamaxabiso aphezulu ehlabathi. Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, ngenxa yenzuzo yeendleko zasekhaya zase-China, ukuveliswa kwe-silicon yesinyithi yaseChina kwakunenzuzo epheleleyo, kwaye umthamo wokuthumela ngaphandle wawumkhulu. Kodwa xa amaxabiso ephezulu, eminye imimandla iya kwandisa umthamo wemveliso, kwaye ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kuya kuhla.
Kwakhona, ngokubhekiselele kwimfuno ephantsi, kuya kuba nemveliso ye-silicon kunye ne-polysilicon kwisiqingatha sesibini sonyaka. Ngokumalunga ne-polysilicon, amandla okuvelisa acwangcisiweyo kwikota yesine yalo nyaka malunga neetoni ezingama-230,000, kwaye imfuno epheleleyo ye-silicon yensimbi kulindeleke ukuba ibe malunga neetoni ezingama-500,000. Nangona kunjalo, imarike yabathengi bemveliso yokugqibela ayinakukwazi ukusebenzisa amandla amatsha, ngoko ke izinga lokusebenza lilonke lomthamo omtsha liya kuncipha. Ngokubanzi, ukunqongophala kwesinyithi se-silicon kulindeleke ukuba kuqhubeke phakathi nonyaka, kodwa umsantsa awuyi kuba mkhulu kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, kwisiqingatha sesibini sonyaka, iinkampani ze-silicon kunye ne-polysilicon ezingabandakanyi i-silicon yensimbi ziya kujongana nemingeni.