I-Cerium carbonate yi-compound ye-inorganic eveliswa ngokuphendula i-cerium oxide kunye ne-carbonate. Inozinzo olugqwesileyo kunye nokungangeni kweekhemikhali kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu kumacandelo ahlukeneyo anje nge-nuclear energy, catalysts, pigments, glass, njalo njalo I-3.4 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2024. Kukho iindlela ezintathu eziphambili zokuvelisa i-cerium carbonate: ikhemikhali, i-physical, kunye ne-biological. Phakathi kwezi ndlela, indlela yeekhemikhali isetyenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yeendleko zayo zokuvelisa eziphantsi; nangona kunjalo, ikwabangela imingeni ebalulekileyo yokungcoliseka kwendalo. Ishishini le-cerium carbonate libonisa ithemba elikhulu lophuhliso kunye namandla kodwa kufuneka lijongane nokuqhubela phambili kwezobuchwepheshe kunye nemingeni yokukhusela indalo. UrbanMines Tech. Co., Ltd., ishishini elihamba phambili e-China elikhethekileyo kuphando kunye nophuhliso kunye nokuveliswa kunye nokuthengiswa kweemveliso ze-cerium carbonate zijolise ekukhuthazeni ukukhula koshishino oluzinzileyo ngokubeka phambili ngobuchule bezenzo zokukhusela okusingqongileyo ngelixa kuphunyezwa amanyathelo okusebenza okuphezulu ngobulumko. Iqela le-R&D le-UrbanMines liqulunqe eli nqaku ukuze liphendule imibuzo neenkxalabo zabathengi bethu.
1.Isetyenziselwa ntoni i-cerium carbonate? Zeziphi izicelo zecerium carbonate?
I-Cerium carbonate yikhompawundi eyenziwe nge-cerium kunye ne-carbonate, esetyenziswa ngokuyintloko kwizinto zokuncedisa, izinto ezikhanyayo, izixhobo zokupholisa, kunye nee-reagents zamachiza. Iindawo zayo ezikhethekileyo zesicelo ziquka:
(1) Iimathiriyeli ezikhanyayo zokukhanya komhlaba: I-cerium carbonate yococeko oluphezulu isebenza njengemathiriyeli ekrwada ebalulekileyo ekulungiseleleni imathiriyeli enqabileyo yokukhanyisa umhlaba. Ezi zixhobo zokukhanyisa zifumana ukusetyenziswa okubanzi ekukhanyeni, ekuboniseni, nakwezinye iindawo, ezibonelela ngenkxaso eyimfuneko ekuqhubeleni phambili ishishini le-elektroniki lanamhlanje.
(2) Izicoci zokukhupha i-injini yemoto: I-Cerium carbonate iqeshwe kwi-catalyst yokucoca i-exhaust ye-automobile enciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ukukhutshwa kokungcola kwi-exhauste yezithuthi kwaye idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni umgangatho womoya.
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(4) Iiplastiki zobunjineli ezinemibala: Xa zisetyenziswa njenge-ejenti yombala, i-cerium carbonate inika imibala ethile kunye neempawu kwiiplastiki zobunjineli.
(5) I-Chemical Catalysts: I-Cerium carbonate ifumana izicelo ezibanzi njenge-catalyst yekhemikhali ngokuphucula umsebenzi we-catalyst kunye nokukhetha ngelixa ikhuthaza ukuphendulwa kweekhemikhali.
(6) I-Chemical reagents kunye nezicelo zonyango: Ukongeza ekusebenziseni kwayo njenge-reagent yekhemikhali, i-cerium carbonate ibonise ukubaluleka kwayo kwiinkalo zonyango ezifana nokunyangwa kwesilonda esivuthayo.
(7) Izongezo ze-carbide ezifakwe kwi-cemented: Ukongezwa kwe-cerium carbonate kwi-cemented carbide alloys kuphucula ubunzima babo kunye nokugqoka amandla okumelana.
(8) Ishishini leCeramic: Ishishini le-ceramic lisebenzisa i-cerium carbonate njengesongezo sokuphucula iimpawu zokusebenza kunye neempawu zenkangeleko yeeseramics.
Isishwankathelo, ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezizodwa kunye noluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo kuwo wonke amashishini ahlukeneyo, i-cerium carbonates idlala i-indispe.
2. Uthini umbala wecerium carbonate?
Umbala we-cerium carbonate umhlophe, kodwa ukucoceka kwayo kunokuchaphazela umbala othile, okukhokelela kwi-tint encinci ephuzi.
3. Zeziphi ezi-3 ezisetyenziswayo eziqhelekileyo zecerium?
I-Cerium inezicelo ezintathu eziqhelekileyo:
(1) Isetyenziswa njenge-co-catalyst kwi-catalyst yokucoca umbhobho wemoto ukugcina umsebenzi wokugcina ioksijini, ukuphucula ukusebenza kwe-catalyst, kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kweentsimbi ezixabisekileyo. Le ntshukumo yamkelwe ngokubanzi ezimotweni, ithomalalisa ngokufanelekileyo ungcoliseko oluphuma kumbhobho ophuma kwizithuthi ukuya kokusingqongileyo.
(2) Isebenza njengesongezo kwiglasi ye-optical ukufunxa i-ultraviolet kunye nemitha ye-infrared. Ifumana ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwiglasi yemoto, ibonelela ngokhuseleko kwimitha ye-UV kunye nokunciphisa ubushushu bangaphakathi bemoto, ngaloo ndlela igcina umbane ngeenjongo zomoya. Ukususela ngo-1997, i-cerium oxide iye yafakwa kuyo yonke iglasi yemoto yaseJapan kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu eUnited States.
(3) I-Cerium inokongezwa njengesongezo kwi-NdFeB izinto ezisisigxina zemagnethi zokuphucula iipropati zabo zamagnetic kunye nokuzinza. Ezi zixhobo zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-elektroniki kunye noomatshini bombane abanje ngeenjini kunye neejeneretha, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwezixhobo kunye nokusebenza.
4. Yenza ntoni i-cerium emzimbeni?
Iziphumo ze-cerium emzimbeni zibandakanya ikakhulu i-hepatotoxicity kunye ne-osteotoxicity, kunye neempembelelo ezinokuthi zibekho kwinkqubo ye-nervous optic. I-Cerium kunye neekhompawundi zayo ziyingozi kwi-epidermis yomntu kunye ne-optic nervous system, kunye nokuphefumla okuncinci kubeka umngcipheko wokukhubazeka okanye iimeko ezisongela ubomi. I-Cerium oxide iyityhefu emzimbeni womntu, ibangela ingozi kwisibindi namathambo. Kubomi bemihla ngemihla, kubalulekile ukuthatha amanyathelo okhuseleko afanelekileyo kwaye uphephe ukuphefumla imichiza.
Ngokukodwa, i-cerium oxide inokunciphisa umxholo weprothrombin uwenza ungasebenzi; inqanda ukuveliswa kwe-thrombin; ukunciphisa i-fibrinogen; kunye ne-catalyze ukubola kwe-phosphate compound. Ukuvezwa ixesha elide kwizinto ezinomxholo onqabileyo ogqithisileyo womhlaba kunokubangela umonakalo we-hepatic kunye namathambo.
Ukongeza, umgubo wokupolisha oqulethe i-cerium oxide okanye ezinye izinto zinokungena ngokuthe ngqo kwimiphunga ngokuphefumla ngendlela yokuphefumla ekhokelela ekubekeni imiphunga okunokukhokelela kwi-silicosis. Nangona i-cerium ye-radioactive inezinga eliphantsi lokufunxa lilonke emzimbeni, iintsana zineqhezu eliphezulu lokufunxwa kwe-144Ce kwiiphecana zazo zesisu. I-cerium ye-radioactive ngokuyinhloko iqokelela kwisibindi kunye namathambo ngokuhamba kwexesha.
5. Ngabacerium carbonateInyibilika emanzini?
I-Cerium carbonate ayinyibiliki emanzini kodwa inyibilika kwizisombululo ezineasidi. Yikhompawundi ezinzileyo engatshintshiyo xa ibonakaliswe emoyeni kodwa ijika ibe mnyama phantsi kokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet.
6.Ngaba i-cerium iqinile okanye ithambile?
I-Cerium yintsimbi yomhlaba ethambileyo, emhlophe-emhlophe enqabileyo enekhemikhali ephezulu yokuphinda isebenze kunye nokwakheka okuthambileyo okunokusikwa ngemela.
Iimpawu ezibonakalayo ze-cerium nazo zixhasa ubume bayo obuthambileyo. I-Cerium ine-melting point ye-795 ° C, indawo yokubilisa ye-3443 ° C, kunye nobuninzi be-6.67 g / mL. Ukongeza, itshintsha umbala xa ibonakaliswe emoyeni. Ezi zakhiwo zibonisa ukuba i-cerium ngokwenene iyintsimbi ethambileyo kunye ne-ductile.
7. Ngaba i-cerium oxidise amanzi?
I-Cerium iyakwazi ukwenza i-oxidizing amanzi ngenxa ye-chemical reactivity yayo. Iphendula ngokucothayo ngamanzi abandayo kwaye ngokukhawuleza ngamanzi ashushu, okukhokelela ekwenziweni kwe-cerium hydroxide kunye negesi ye-hydrogen. Izinga lokusabela liyenyuka emanzini ashushu xa kuthelekiswa namanzi abandayo.
8. Ngaba i-cerium inqabile?
Ewe, i-cerium ithathwa njengento enqabileyo njengoko yenza malunga ne-0.0046% yoqweqwe lomhlaba, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe yenye yezona zinto zininzi phakathi kwezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba.
9. Ingaba icerium lulwelo oluqinileyo okanye igesi?
I-Cerium ikhona njengento eqinile kwiqondo lokushisa kunye neemeko zoxinzelelo. Ibonakala njengentsimbi esiliva-ngwevu esebenzayo enezinto ezithambileyo kwaye ithambile kunentsimbi. Nangona inokuguqulwa ibe ngulwelo phantsi kweemeko zokufudumeza, kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo (ubushushu begumbi kunye noxinzelelo), ihlala kwindawo yayo eqinileyo ngenxa yokunyibilika kwayo kwe-795 ° C kunye neqondo lokubilisa lika-3443 ° C.
10. Ikhangeleka njani icerium?
ICerium ibonisa inkangeleko yesinyithi esinesilivere-ngwevu esebenzayo kwiqela lezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba (REEs). Isimboli salo sekhemikhali nguCe ngelixa inani layo leathom lingama-58. Ibambe umahluko wokuba yenye yezona zinto zininzi kakhulu REEs.Ceriu umgubo une-reactivity ephezulu ngokubhekiselele kumoya obangela ukutsha okuzenzekelayo, kwaye kwakhona ukunyibilika ngokulula kwiiasidi. Isebenza njenge-arhente yokunciphisa ebalaseleyo esetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwe-alloy.
Iimpawu ezibonakalayo ziquka: ubuninzi bezinto ezivela kwi-6.7-6.9 kuxhomekeke kwisakhiwo se-crystal; indawo yokunyibilika ime kuma-799℃ ngelixa indawo yokubila ifikelela kuma-3426℃. Igama elithi "cerium" lisuka kwigama lesiNgesi elithi "Ceres", elibhekisela kwi-asteroid. Ipesenteji yomxholo ngaphakathi koqweqwe loMhlaba ufikelela malunga ne-0.0046%, iyenze ixhaphake kakhulu phakathi kweeREE.
I-Ceriu ifumaneka ikakhulu kwi-monazite, kwi-bastnaesite, nakwiimveliso ze-fission ezivela kwi-uranium-thorium plutonium. Kwimizi-mveliso, ifumana usetyenziso olubanzi olufana nokusetyenziswa kwe-alloy yokwenza i-catalyst.