Uthini umgaqo weekhompawundi zetsimbi ezifunxa imitha ye-infrared kwaye zeziphi izinto ezichaphazelayo?
Iikhompawundi zesinyithi, kubandakanywa iikhompawundi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo, zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekufunxeni kwe-infrared. Njengenkokeli kwintsimbi enqabileyo kunye neekhompawundi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo,UrbanMines Tech. Co., Ltd. inceda phantse i-1/8 yabathengi behlabathi ukufunxa infrared. Ukujongana nemibuzo yabathengi bethu kulo mba, iziko lophando kunye nophuhliso lwenkampani yethu liqulunqe eli nqaku ukunika iimpendulo.
I-1.Umgaqo kunye neempawu zokufunxa i-infrared yi-metal compounds
Umgaqo we-infrared absorption yi-metal compounds ngokuyinhloko isekelwe kwi-vibration ye-molecular structure kunye neebhondi zeekhemikhali. I-infrared spectroscopy iphonononga ubume bemolekyuli ngokulinganisa inguqu ye-intramolecular vibration kunye namanqanaba ombane ajikelezayo. Ukungcangcazela kweebhondi zeekhemikhali kwiikhompawundi zetsimbi kuya kukhokelela ekufunjweni kwe-infrared, ngakumbi i-metal-organic bonds kwi-metal-organic compounds, i-vibration ye-inorganic bonds ezininzi, kunye ne-crystal frame vibration, eya kubonakala kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo ye-spectrum ye-infrared.
Ukusebenza kweekhompawundi zetsimbi ezahlukeneyo kwi-infrared spectra:
(1) . Izinto zeMXene: I-MXene yintsimbi ye-carbon-dimensional transition ye-metal-carbon / nitrogen enezixhobo ezityebileyo, i-metallic conductivity, indawo ethile enkulu, kunye nendawo esebenzayo. Inamazinga ahlukeneyo okufunxa kwi-infrared kwi-infrared kunye ne-mid-/de-infrared bands kwaye isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwi-infrared camouflage, ukuguqulwa kwe-photothermal, kunye nezinye iindawo kwiminyaka yakutshanje.
(2) Iikhompawundi zobhedu : Iikhompawundi zobhedu ezine-phosphorus zisebenza kakuhle phakathi kwe-absorber ye-infrared, ikhusela ngokufanelekileyo into emnyama ebangelwa yimisebe ye-ultraviolet kunye nokugcina ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya okubonakalayo kunye neempawu zokufunxa nge-infrared ngokuzinzileyo ixesha elide3.
Iimeko zesicelo ezisebenzayo
(1). I-infrared camouflage : Izinto zeMXene zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-infrared camouflage ngenxa yeempawu zazo ezigqwesileyo zokufunxa. Banokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo iimpawu ze-infrared ekujoliswe kuzo kwaye baphucule ukufihlakala kwe-2.
(2) . Ukuguqulwa kwe-Photothermal : Izinto zeMXene zineempawu eziphantsi zokukhutshwa kwimibhobho ye-infrared ephakathi / ekude, efanelekileyo kwizicelo zokuguqulwa kwe-photothermal kwaye inokuguqula ngokufanelekileyo amandla okukhanya kumandla okushisa.
(3) .Izixhobo zefestile: Iingqungquthela ze-resin eziqukethe i-absorber ye-infrared zisetyenziselwa izinto zefestile ukuthintela ngokufanelekileyo imisebe ye-infrared kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla 3.
Ezi meko zokusetyenziswa zibonisa ukuhlukahluka kunye nokusebenza kweekhompawundi zetsimbi ekufunjweni kwe-infrared, ngakumbi indima yazo ebalulekileyo kwisayensi kunye neshishini lanamhlanje.
2.Ziziphi iikhompawundi zetsimbi ezinokufunxa imitha ye-infrared?
Iikhompawundi zetsimbi ezinokufunxa imitha ye-infrared ziqukai-antimony tin oxide (ATO), i-idium tin oxide (ITO), i-aluminium zinc oxide (AZO), i-tungsten trioxide (WO3), i-tetroxide yensimbi (Fe3O4) kunye ne-strontium titanate (SrTiO3).
2.1 Iimpawu zokufunxa i-infrared yeekhompawundi zetsimbi
I-Antimony tin oxide (ATO): Inokukhusela ukukhanya okukufutshane ne-infrared kunye nobude be-wavelength obungaphezulu kwe-1500 nm, kodwa ayikwazi ukukhusela ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet kunye nokukhanya kwe-infrared kunye ne-wavelength engaphantsi kwe-1500 nm.
I-Indium Tin Oxide (ITO): Ngokufana ne-ATO, inefuthe lokukhusela ukukhanya kufutshane ne-infrared.
I-Zinc aluminium oxide (AZO): Kwakhona inomsebenzi wokukhusela ukukhanya okukufutshane kwe-infrared.
I-Tungsten trioxide (WO3): Inempembelelo yendawo ye-plasmon resonance kunye ne-polaron encinci yokufunxa indlela, inokukhusela ukukhanya kwe-infrared nge-wavelength ye-780-2500 nm, kwaye ayinayo ityhefu kwaye ayibizi.
I-Fe3O4: Inokufunxwa kakuhle kwe-infrared kunye neepropathi zokuphendula ezishushu kwaye ihlala isetyenziswa kwi-infrared sensors kunye ne-detectors.
I-Strontium titanate (i-SrTiO3): ine-infrared egqwesileyo yokufunxa kunye neempawu ezibonakalayo, ezifanelekileyo kwi-infrared sensors kunye ne-detectors.
I-Erbium fluoride (ErF3) : yikhompawundi yomhlaba enqabileyo ekwazi ukufunxa imitha ye-infrared. I-Erbium fluoride ineekristale ezimbala-rozi, indawo yokunyibilika eyi-1350°C, indawo yokubila eyi-2200°C, kunye noxinzelelo lwe-7.814g/cm³. Isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwi-optical coatings, i-fiber doping, iikristale ze-laser, imathiriyeli ekrwada enye-crystal, i-laser amplifiers, izongezo ze-catalyst, kunye nezinye iindawo.
2.2 Ukusetyenziswa kweekhompawundi zetsimbi kwizinto ezithatha i-infrared
Ezi zixhobo zetsimbi zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizinto zokufunxa i-infrared. Ngokomzekelo, i-ATO, i-ITO, kunye ne-AZO zihlala zisetyenziswa kwi-transparent conductive, i-antistatic, i-radiation yokukhusela i-radiation kunye ne-electrodes ebonakalayo; I-WO3 isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokugquma ubushushu, ukufunxwa, kunye nemathiriyeli ye-infrared ebonisayo ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo kakuhle kwesikhuseli esikufuphi ne-infrared kunye neempawu ezingenayo ityhefu. Ezi zixhobo zetsimbi zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwinkalo yetekhnoloji ye-infrared ngenxa yeempawu zabo ezikhethekileyo zokufunxa i-infrared.
2.3 Zeziphi iikhompawundi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo ezinokufunxa imitha ye-infrared?
Phakathi kwezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba, i-lanthanum hexaboride kunye ne-nano-sized lanthanum boride inokufunxa imitha ye-infrared.ILanthanum hexaboride (LaB6)yimathiriyeli esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwirada, i-aerospace, ishishini lombane, izixhobo, izixhobo zonyango, isinyithi sesixhobo sasekhaya, ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, kunye nezinye iinkalo. Ngokukodwa, i-lanthanum hexaboride ikristale enye yinto yokwenza iityhubhu ze-electron zamandla aphezulu, i-magnetrons, i-electron beams, i-ion beams, kunye ne-accelerator cathodes.
Ukongeza, i-nano-scale lanthanum boride nayo inepropathi yokufunxa imitha ye-infrared. Isetyenziselwa ukugquma kumphezulu wamaphepha efilimu ye-polyethylene ukuvimba imisebe ye-infrared ekukhanyeni kwelanga. Ngelixa ifunxa imitha ye-infrared, i-nano-scale lanthanum boride ayifunxa kakhulu ukukhanya okubonakalayo. Esi sixhobo sinokuthintela imitha ye-infrared ukuba ingene kwiglasi yefestile kwiindawo ezishushu, kwaye inokusebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo ukukhanya kunye namandla obushushu kwiindawo ezibandayo.
Izinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkalo ezininzi, kuquka umkhosi, amandla enyukliya, ubuchwepheshe obuphezulu, kunye neemveliso zabathengi bemihla ngemihla. Ngokomzekelo, i-lanthanum isetyenziselwa ukuphucula ukusebenza kwe-tactical ye-alloys kwizixhobo kunye nezixhobo, i-gadolinium kunye ne-isotopes zayo zisetyenziswa njenge-neutron absorbers kwintsimi yamandla enyukliya, kwaye i-cerium isetyenziswa njenge-additive yeglasi ukufunxa imisebe ye-ultraviolet kunye ne-infrared.
I-Cerium, njengesongezo seglasi, inokufunxa imitha ye-ultraviolet kunye ne-infrared kwaye ngoku isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiglasi yemoto. Ayikhuseli kwimitha ye<em>ultraviolet kuphela kodwa ikwanciphisa ubushushu ngaphakathi kwinqwelo-mafutha, ngaloo ndlela ilondoloza umbane womoya opholileyo. Ukususela ngowe-1997, iglasi yemoto yaseJapan iye yongezwa necerium oxide, yaye yasetyenziswa kwiimoto ngowe-1996.
3.Iipropathi kunye nezinto ezichaphazelayo zokufunxa i-infrared yi-metal compounds
3.1 Iipropathi kunye nezinto eziphembelela ukufunxwa kwe-infrared ngamakhompawundi esinyithi ikakhulu kubandakanya le miba ilandelayo:
Uluhlu lwesantya sokufunxa: Izinga lokufunxa kweekhompawundi zetsimbi kwimitha ye-infrared liyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nodidi lwentsimbi, ubume bomphezulu, ubushushu, kunye nobude bemitha ye-infrared. Iintsimbi eziqhelekileyo ezifana ne-aluminium, ubhedu, kunye nentsimbi zihlala zinezinga lokufunxa imitha ye-infrared phakathi kwe-10% kunye ne-50% kwiqondo lokushisa. Umzekelo, izinga lokufunxa komgangatho ococekileyo we-aluminium kwimitha ye-infrared kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi limalunga ne-12%, ngelixa izinga lokufunxa kobhedu olurhabaxa linokufikelela malunga ne-40%.
3.2 Iipropathi kunye nezinto ezinempembelelo zokufunxwa kwe-infrared ngamakhompawundi esinyithi:
Iindidi zesinyithi: Iintsimbi ezahlukeneyo zineendlela ezahlukeneyo zeathom kunye nolungiselelo lwe-electron, okukhokelela kubuchule bazo bokufunxa okwahlukileyo kwimitha ye-infrared.
Imeko yomphezulu: Uburhabaxa, umaleko weoksidi, okanye ukugquma komphezulu wesinyithi kuya kuchaphazela izinga lokufunxa.
Ubushushu: Utshintsho lobushushu luya kutshintsha imeko ye-elektroniki ngaphakathi kwentsimbi, ngaloo ndlela ichaphazela ukufunxa kwayo imitha ye-infrared.
I-infrared wavelength: Ubude obuhlukeneyo bemitha ye-infrared bunamandla okwahlukileyo okufunxa kwisinyithi.
Utshintsho phantsi kweemeko ezithile: Phantsi kweemeko ezithile ezithile, izinga lokufunxa imitha ye-infrared ngesinyithi linokutshintsha kakhulu. Ngokomzekelo, xa umphezulu wesinyithi ugqunywe ngoluhlu lwezinto ezikhethekileyo, ukukwazi ukufunxa imisebe ye-infrared kungaphuculwa. Ukongeza, utshintsho kwimeko ye-elektroniki yesinyithi kwindawo yobushushu obuphezulu kunokukhokelela ekwandeni kwesantya sokufunxa.
Imimandla yesicelo: Iipropathi ze-infrared zokufunxa kwiikhompawundi zetsimbi zinexabiso elibalulekileyo lesicelo kwitekhnoloji ye-infrared, i-imaging thermal, kunye nezinye iinkalo. Ngokomzekelo, ngokulawula ukugquma okanye ukushisa kwendawo yesinyithi, ukuxutywa kwayo kwemisebe ye-infrared kunokulungelelaniswa, ukuvumela izicelo kumlinganiselo weqondo lokushisa, ukucinga nge-thermal, njl.
Iindlela zoVavanyo kunye neMvelaphi yoPhando: Abaphandi bagqibe izinga lokufunxa imitha ye-infrared ngeentsimbi ngemilinganiselo yovavanyo kunye nezifundo zobungcali. Ezi datha zibalulekile ekuqondeni iimpawu ze-optical ze-metal compounds kunye nokuphuhlisa izicelo ezinxulumene nazo.
Isishwankathelo, iipropathi ze-infrared zokufunxa iikhompawundi zetsimbi zichaphazeleka kwizinto ezininzi kwaye zinokutshintsha kakhulu phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo. Ezi zakhiwo zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkalo ezininzi.