Hafnium Tetrachloride (HfCl₄)ke motsoako o sa pheleng o nang le boleng bo hodimo o sebediswang haholo e le selelekela sa tlhahiso ya di-ceramic tse tswetseng pele tsa mocheso o phahameng, thepa ya phosphor bakeng sa di-diode tse hlahisang lesedi tse matla haholo (di-LED), le di-catalyst tse fapaneng. Haholo-holo, e bontsha asiti e ikgethang ya Lewis, e etsang hore e sebetse hantle haholo ho polymerization ya olefin le diphetoho tse fapaneng tsa tlhaho. E kgannwa ke ditshebediso tse atolohang tlhahisong ya semiconductor, boenjiniere ba difofane, le thepa ya elektroniki ya moloko o latelang, tlhoko ya lefatshe ya HfCl₄ e bontshitse kgolo e tswelang pele. Leha ho le jwalo, tlhahiso ya yona ya indasteri e ntse e le boima ka botekgeniki - e hloka taolo e thata ya tshebetso, di-feedstock tse hlwekileng haholo, le ho latela melao e thata ya tikoloho, bophelo bo botle le polokeho (EHS). Ka lebaka la karolo ya yona ya bohlokwa ho nolofatseng thepa e sebetsang hantle le di-catalyst tse ikgethang, HfCl₄ e ntse e ananelwa ka ho eketsehileng e le thepa e tala ya mawa bakeng sa saense ya thepa e tswetseng pele le tlhahiso e ntle ya dikhemikhale.
| Hafnium, 72Hf | |
| Ponahalo | Putsoa ea tšepe |
| Nomoro ea Athomo (Z) | 72 |
| Mokhahlelo ho STP | E tiileng |
| Sebaka sa ho qhibiliha | 2506 K (2233℃, 4051 ℉) |
| Sebaka sa ho belisa | 4876 K (4603 ℃, 8317 ℃) |
| Botenya (ho 20℃) | 13.281 g/cm3 |
| Ha metsi (ka mp) | 12 g/cm3 |
| Mocheso oa ho kopanya | 27.2 kJ/mol |
| Mocheso oa mouoane | 648 kJ/mol |
| Bokhoni ba mocheso oa molar | 25.73 J/(mol·K) |
| Bokhoni bo itseng ba mocheso | 144.154 J/(kg·K) |
Maemo a Kgwebo a 5N Purity Grade Hafnium Tetrachloride
| Letšoao | Li 7 (ppb) | Be 9 (ppb) | Na 23 (ppb) | Mg 24 (ppb) | Al 27 (ppb) | K 39 (ppb) | Ca 40 (ppb) | V 51 (ppb) | Cr 52 (ppb) | Mn 55 (ppb) | Fe 56 (ppb) | Co 59 (ppb) | Ni 60 (ppb) | Cu 63 (ppb) | Zn 66 (ppb) | Ga 69 (ppb) | Ge 74 (ppb) | Sr 87 (ppb) |
| UMHT5N | 0.371 | 2.056 | 17.575 | 6.786 | 87.888 | 31.963 | 66.976 | 0.000 | 74.184 | 34.945 | 1413.776 | 21.639 | 216.953 | 2.194 | 20.241 | 12.567 | 8.769 | 3846.227 |
| Zr 90 (ppb) | Nb 93 (ppb) | Mo98 (ppb) | Pd106 (ppb) | Ag 107 (ppb) | Jwalo ka ha 108 (ppb) | Cd 111 (ppb) | Ka hare ho 115 (ppb) | Karolo ea 118 (ppb) | Sb 121 (ppb) | Ti131 (ppb) | Ba 138 (ppb) | W 184 (ppb) | Au -2197 (ppb) | Hg 202 (ppb) | Tl 205 (ppb) | Pb 208 (ppb) | Bi 209 (ppb) |
| 41997.655 | 8.489 | 181.362 | 270.662 | 40.536 | 49.165 | 5.442 | 0.127 | 26.237 | 1.959 | 72.198 | 0.776 | 121.391 | 1707.062 | 68.734 | 0.926 | 14.582 | 36.176 |
Maikutlo: Diparamithara tse ka hodimo di ile tsa lemohuwa ke ICP-MS.
Hafnium tetrachloride (HfCl₄) ke ntho e tiileng e se nang 'mala, e kristale e nang le boima ba limolek'hule ba 320.30 g/mol le Nomoro ea Ngoliso ea CAS 13499-05-3. E qhibiliha ho 320 °C 'me e feta tlas'a sublimation ho hoo e ka bang 317 °C tlas'a khatello e potolohileng. Motsoako ona o na le hygroscopic haholo 'me o arabela ka matla le ka matla ka mongobo, e leng se hlokang ho bolokoa tlas'a maemo a sepakapaka a sa nang le metsi, a sa sebetseng (mohlala, argon kapa naetrojene) ka har'a lijana tse koetsoeng ka thata. Ka lebaka la ho bola ha eona ho matla, ho kopana ka ho toba le letlalo kapa mahlo ho ka fella ka ho chesoa ho matla ha lik'hemik'hale. Jwalo ka ntho e kotsi e senyang ea Sehlopha sa 8 (UN2509), ho e sebetsana ho hloka lisebelisoa tse loketseng tsa tšireletso ea botho (PPE), ho kenyeletsoa liatlana tse hanyetsanang le lik'hemik'hale, likhalase tsa mahlo le tšireletso ea ho hema moo ho ka khonehang ho hlahisa lerōle.
Hafnium Tetrachloride e sebelisetsoa eng?
Hafnium tetrachloride (HfCl₄)ke motsoako o feto-fetohang o sa pheleng oo, ka lebaka la thepa ea oona e ikhethang ea lik'hemik'hale, o fumanang lits'ebetso tse pharaletseng masimong a mangata a theknoloji e phahameng:
- Li-semiconductor le Lisebelisoa tsa Elektroniki: E sebetsa e le selelekela sa bohlokoa bakeng sa ho lokisa lisebelisoa tse sa fetoheng ka dielectric tse phahameng (joalo ka hafnium dioxide), tse sebelisoang mealong ea ho thibela li-transistor gate ho ntlafatsa haholo ts'ebetso ea chip. E boetse e sebelisoa haholo lits'ebetsong tsa chemical vapor deposition (CVD) ho beha hafnium ea tšepe kapa lifilimi tse tšesaane tsa hafnium, tse sebelisoang ho li-transistors tse sebetsang hantle, lisebelisoa tsa memori, jj.
- Diseramike tsa Mocheso o Phahameng ka ho Fetisisa le Difofane: Di sebediswa tlhahisong ya thepa ya seramike ya mocheso o phahameng ka ho fetisisa, e bontshang ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng ka ho fetisisa, ho hanyetsa ho tsofala, le ho hanyetsa ho bola. Diseramike tsena di loketse dibaka tse feteletseng tse kang dikarolo tse chesang tsa enjene ya difofane le dinotlolo tsa rokete. Ho feta moo, e ka sebediswa disebedisweng tsa ho paka tsa LED tse matla ka ho fetisisa ho ntlafatsa ho qhala ha mocheso wa sesebediswa le nako ya bophelo.
- Catalysis le Organic Synthesis: Jwalo ka catalyst e sebetsang hantle ya Lewis acid, e kgothaletsa dikarabelo tse kang olefin polymerization (mohlala, e le selelekela sa di-catalyst tsa Ziegler-Natta), esterification ya alcohols le acid, acylation, le 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions, e ntlafatsang sekgahla sa karabelo le kgetho. E boetse e sebediswa ho kopanyeng dikhemikhale tse ntle tsa monko o monate le meriana.
- Indasteri ea Nyutlelie: Ka ho sebelisa botsitso ba eona bo botle ba mocheso le lik'hemik'hale, e sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tsa ho pholisa tsa reactor ea nyutlelie le e le thepa ea ho koahela mafura a nyutlelie, ho ntlafatsa ho hanyetsa mafome le botsitso ba mocheso.
- Lekala la Matla: E sebelisoa e le thepa e tala bakeng sa ho kopanya thepa e tiileng ea electrolyte joalo ka lithium hafnium phosphate bakeng sa ho nts'etsapele libeteri tsa lithium tse nang le conductivity e phahameng ea ionic. E boetse e sebetsa e le selelekela sa thepa ea cathode e nang le bokhoni bo phahameng libetering tsa lithium le sodium-ion.
- Karohano ea Zirconium-Hafnium: Ho sebelisa phapang ea ho feto-fetoha ha maemo pakeng tsa zirconium tetrachloride le hafnium tetrachloride, li ka aroloa ka katleho ka ho qhibiliha ha likaroloana kapa chromatography ea khase. Ena ke mokhoa oa bohlokoa oa indasteri oa ho fumana hafnium e hloekileng.
Ka bokhutšoanyane, hafnium tetrachloride e bapala karolo e ke keng ea nkeloa sebaka ho li-semiconductors, thepa e tsoetseng pele, catalysis, matla a nyutlelie le makala a macha a matla, e ipeha e le thepa ea mantlha e tala liindastering tsa sejoale-joale tsa theknoloji e phahameng.
