Li-Catalysts tse thehiloeng ho Antimony

Polyester (PET) fiber ke mofuta o moholo ka ho fetisisa oa fiber ea maiketsetso. Liaparo tse entsoeng ka fiber ea polyester li bonolo, li boreleli, li hlatsuoa habonolo, 'me li potlakile ho omella. Polyester e boetse e sebelisoa haholo e le thepa e tala bakeng sa ho paka, likhoele tsa indasteri le lipolasetiki tsa boenjiniere. Ka lebaka leo, polyester e tsoetse pele ka potlako lefatšeng ka bophara, e eketseha ka karolelano ea selemo le selemo ea 7% le ka tlhahiso e kholo.

Tlhahiso ea polyester e ka aroloa ka tsela ea dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) le tsela ea terephthalic acid (PTA) ho latela mokhoa oa ts'ebetso 'me e ka aroloa ka mokhoa oa nakoana le ts'ebetso e tsoelang pele ho latela ts'ebetso. Ho sa tsotelehe mokhoa oa tlhahiso o amohetsoeng, karabelo ea polycondensation e hloka tšebeliso ea metsoako ea tšepe e le li-catalyst. Karabelo ea polycondensation ke mohato oa bohlokoa ts'ebetsong ea tlhahiso ea polyester, 'me nako ea polycondensation ke tšitiso ea ho ntlafatsa chai. Ntlafatso ea sistimi ea catalyst ke ntlha ea bohlokoa ho ntlafatsa boleng ba polyester le ho khutsufatsa nako ea polycondensation.

UrbanMines Tech. Limited ke k'hamphani e ka sehloohong ea Machaena e sebetsanang le R&D, tlhahiso, le phepelo ea polyester catalyst-grade antimony trioxide, antimony acetate, le antimony glycol. Re entse lipatlisiso tse tebileng ka lihlahisoa tsena-lefapha la R&D la UrbanMines joale le akaretsa lipatlisiso le ts'ebeliso ea li-antimony catalysts sengolong sena ho thusa bareki ba rona ho etsa kopo ka mokhoa o bonolo, ho ntlafatsa lits'ebetso tsa tlhahiso, le ho fana ka tlholisano e felletseng ea lihlahisoa tsa polyester fiber.

Litsebi tsa malapeng le tsa linaheng tse ling ka kakaretso li lumela hore polyester polycondensation ke katoloso ea ketane, 'me mochine oa catalytic ke oa chelation coordination, e hlokang hore athomo ea tšepe ea catalyst e fane ka li-orbitals tse se nang letho ho hokahanya le li-electrone tsa carbonyl oksijene ho finyella morero oa catalysis. Bakeng sa polycondensation, kaha electron cloud density ea carbonyl oksijene sehlopheng sa hydroxyethyl ester e batla e le tlaase, electronegativity ea li-ion tsa tšepe e batla e phahame nakong ea ho hokahanya, ho thusa ho hokahanya le ho atolosa ketane.

Tse latelang li ka sebelisoa e le li-catalyst tsa polyester: Li, Na, K, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, B, Al, Ga, Ge, Sn, Pb, Sb, Bi, Ti, Nb, Cr, Mo, Mn, Fe , Co, Ni, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Zn, Cd, Hg le li-oxide tse ling tsa tšepe, alcoholates, carboxylates, borates, halides le amines, ureas, guanidines, sulfur-containing organic compounds. Leha ho le joalo, li-catalyst tse ntseng li sebelisoa le ho ithutoa hajoale tlhahisong ea indasteri ke li-compounds tsa Sb, Ge, le Ti. Liphuputso tse ngata li bontšitse hore: Li-catalysts tsa Ge-based li na le mekhoa e fokolang ea mahlakoreng 'me li hlahisa PET ea boleng bo phahameng, empa mosebetsi oa bona ha o phahame,' me ba na le lisebelisoa tse fokolang 'me ba theko e boima; Li-catalysts tse thehiloeng ho Ti li na le ts'ebetso e phahameng le lebelo la karabelo e potlakileng, empa karabelo ea bona ea mahlakoreng e hlakile haholoanyane, e bakang botsitso bo fokolang ba mocheso le 'mala o mosehla oa sehlahisoa,' me ka kakaretso e ka sebelisoa feela bakeng sa ho kopanya PBT, PTT, PCT, joalo-joalo; Li-catalyst tse thehiloeng ho Sb ha li sebetse feela. Boleng ba sehlahisoa bo phahame hobane li-catalyst tse thehiloeng ho Sb li sebetsa haholo, li na le maikutlo a fokolang a mahlakoreng, 'me li theko e tlaase. Ka hona, li 'nile tsa sebelisoa haholo. Har'a tsona, li-catalysts tse sebelisoang ka ho fetisisa tsa Sb ke antimony trioxide (Sb2O3), antimony acetate (Sb(CH3COO)3), joalo-joalo.

Ha re sheba histori ea tsoelo-pele ea indasteri ea polyester, re ka fumana hore ho feta 90% ea limela tsa polyester lefatšeng li sebelisa metsoako ea antimony e le li-catalysts. Ka 2000, China e ne e hlahisitse limela tse 'maloa tsa polyester, tseo kaofela ha tsona li neng li sebelisa metsoako ea antimony e le li-catalyst, haholo-holo Sb2O3 le Sb(CH3COO)3. Ka boiteko bo kopanetsoeng ba lipatlisiso tsa mahlale tsa Machaena, liunivesithi le mafapha a tlhahiso, lisebelisoa tsena tse peli li se li hlahisitsoe ka botlalo ka har'a naha.

Ho tloha ka 1999, k'hamphani ea lik'hemik'hale ea Fora Elf e hlahisitse antimony glycol [Sb2 (OCH2CH2CO) 3] catalyst e le sehlahisoa se ntlafalitsoeng sa li-catalyst tsa setso. Li-chips tsa polyester tse hlahisoang li na le bosoeu bo phahameng le bohloeki bo botle, bo hohetseng tlhokomelo e kholo ho tsoa ho litsi tsa lipatlisiso tsa malapeng, likhoebo le baetsi ba polyester Chaena.

I. Lipatlisiso le tšebeliso ea antimony trioxide
United States ke e 'ngoe ea linaha tsa pele ho hlahisa le ho sebelisa Sb2O3. Ka 1961, tšebeliso ea Sb2O3 United States e fihlile ho lithane tse 4,943. Lilemong tsa bo-1970, lik'hamphani tse hlano tsa Japane li ile tsa hlahisa Sb2O3 ka kakaretso ea tlhahiso ea lithane tse 6,360 ka selemo.

Likarolo tsa mantlha tsa lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele tsa China tsa Sb2O3 li shebane haholo le likhoebo tsa mehleng tsa mmuso Profinseng ea Hunan le Shanghai. UrbanMines Tech. Limited e boetse e thehile mohala oa tlhahiso ea litsebi Profinseng ea Hunan.

(Ke). Mokhoa oa ho hlahisa antimony trioxide
Moetsi oa Sb2O3 hangata o sebelisa ore ea antimony sulfide e le lisebelisoa tse tala. Antimony ea tšepe e qala ho lokisoa, ebe Sb2O3 e hlahisoa ho sebelisoa antimony ea tšepe e le thepa e tala.
Ho na le mekhoa e 'meli e meholo ea ho hlahisa Sb2O3 ho tloha ho antimony ea tšepe: oxidation e tobileng le ho senyeha ha naetrojene.

1. Mokhoa o tobileng oa oxidation
Antimony ea tšepe e kopana le oksijene ha e futhumatsoa ho theha Sb2O3. The reaction process ke e latelang:
4Sb＋3O2＝＝2Sb2O3

2. Ammonolysis
Antimony tšepe e sebetsana le chlorine ho synthesize antimony trichloride, e ntan'o silafatsoa, ​​​​hydrolyzed, ammonolyzed, hlatsuoa le ho omisoa ho fumana sehlahisoa se felileng sa Sb2O3. The basic reaction equation ke:
2Sb＋3Cl2＝＝2SbCl3
SbCl3＋H2O＝＝SbOCl＋2HCl
4SbOCl＋H2O＝＝Sb2O3·2SbOCl＋2HCl
Sb2O3·2SbOCl＋OH＝＝2Sb2O3＋2NH4Cl＋H2O

(II). Tšebeliso ea antimony trioxide
Tšebeliso e ka sehloohong ea antimony trioxide ke ntho e thusang polymerase le e thibelang malakabe bakeng sa thepa ea maiketsetso.
Lefapheng la polyester, Sb2O3 e ile ea sebelisoa ka lekhetlo la pele e le sesosa. Sb2O3 e sebelisoa haholo-holo e le motsoako oa polycondensation bakeng sa tsela ea DMT le tsela ea pele ea PTA 'me ka kakaretso e sebelisoa hammoho le H3PO4 kapa li-enzyme tsa eona.

(III). Mathata a antimony trioxide
Sb2O3 e na le ho qhibiliha ho fokolang ka har'a ethylene glycol, ka ho qhibiliha ha 4.04% feela ho 150 ° C. Ka hona, ha ethylene glycol e sebelisoa ho lokisa catalyst, Sb2O3 e na le dispersibility e futsanehileng, e ka bakang habonolo catalyst e feteletseng tsamaisong ea polymerization, ho hlahisa li-cyclic trimers tse phahameng-melting-point, le ho tlisa mathata a ho ohla. Ho ntlafatsa solubility le dispersibility ea Sb2O3 ka ethylene glycol, ka kakaretso e amohetsoe ho sebelisa ethylene glycol e feteletseng kapa ho eketsa mocheso oa ho qhibiliha ho feta 150 ° C. Leha ho le joalo, ka holimo ho 120 ° C, Sb2O3 le ethylene glycol li ka hlahisa ethylene glycol antimony precipitation ha li sebetsa hammoho ka nako e telele, 'me Sb2O3 e ka fokotsoa hore e be antimony ea tšepe karabelong ea polycondensation, e ka bakang "moholi" ho li-chips tsa polyester le ho ama. boleng ba sehlahisoa.

II. Patlisiso le ts'ebeliso ea antimony acetate
Mokhoa oa ho itokisa oa antimony acetate
Qalong, antimony acetate e ne e lokiselitsoe ka ho arabela antimony trioxide ka acetic acid, 'me acetic anhydride e ne e sebelisoa e le ntho e senyang metsi ho monya metsi a hlahisoang ke karabelo. Boleng ba sehlahisoa se feliloeng se fumanoeng ka mokhoa ona bo ne bo se holimo, 'me ho ile ha nka lihora tse fetang 30 hore antimony trioxide e qhibilihe ka acetic acid. Hamorao, antimony acetate e ile ea lokisoa ka ho arabela ka tšepe ea antimone, antimony trichloride, kapa antimony trioxide e nang le acetic anhydride, ntle le tlhokahalo ea ntho e ntšang metsi ’meleng.

1. Mokhoa oa Antimony trichloride
Ka 1947, H. Schmidt et al. Jeremane Bophirima e lokiselitse Sb(CH3COO)3 ka ho arabela SbCl3 ka acetic anhydride. Foromo ea karabelo ke e latelang:
SbCl3+3(CH3CO)2O==Sb(CH3COO)3+3CH3COCl

2. Mokhoa oa tšepe oa Antimony
Ka 1954, TAPaybea ea Soviet Union ea mehleng e ile ea lokisa Sb(CH3COO)3 ka ho etsa metallic antimony le peroxyacetyl ka motsoako oa benzene. Foromo ea karabelo ke:
Sb＋(CH3COO)2==Sb(CH3COO)3

3. Mokhoa oa antimony trioxide
Ka 1957, F. Nerdel oa Jeremane Bophirimela o ile a sebelisa Sb2O3 ho itšoara ka acetic anhydride ho hlahisa Sb(CH3COO)3.
Sb2O3＋3(CH3CO)2O(2Sb)(CH3COO)3
Bothata ba mokhoa ona ke hore likristale li atisa ho bokellana ka likotoana tse kholo 'me li khomarela ka thata leboteng le ka hare la mochine, ho fella ka boleng bo bobe ba sehlahisoa le mmala.

4. Antimony trioxide solvent mokhoa
Ho hlōla mefokolo ea mokhoa o ka holimo, solvent e sa nke lehlakore e atisa ho eketsoa nakong ea karabelo ea Sb2O3 le acetic anhydride. Mokhoa o khethehileng oa ho itokisa ke o latelang:
(1) Ka 1968, R. Thoms oa American Mosun Chemical Company o ile a hatisa patent mabapi le ho lokisoa ha antimony acetate. Patent e sebelisitse xylene (o-, m-, p-xylene, kapa motsoako oa eona) e le mokelikeli o sa nke lehlakore ho hlahisa likristale tse ntle tsa antimony acetate.
(2) Ka 1973, Czech Republic e ile ea qapa mokhoa oa ho hlahisa acetate e ntle ea antimony e sebelisang toluene e le solvent.

 

III. Papiso ea li-catalyst tse tharo tse thehiloeng ho antimony