Budada boron
| Boron | |
| Muuqashada | Madow-brown |
| Marxaladda STP | Adag |
| barta dhalaalaysa | 2349 K (2076 °C, 3769 °F) |
| Barta karkarinta | 4200 K (3927 °C, 7101 °F) |
| Cufnaanta marka dareeraha ah (at mp) | 2.08 g/cm3 |
| Kulaylka fiyuuska | 50.2 kJ/mol |
| Kulaylka uumiga | 508 kJ/mol |
| Awoodda kulaylka molar | 11.087 J/ (mol·K) |
Boron waa curiye metalloid ah, oo leh laba allotropes, boron amorphous ah iyo boron crystalline. Amorphous boron waa budo bunni ah halka boron crystalline uu yahay silvery ilaa madow. Granules boron crystalline iyo qaybaha boron waa boron nadiif ah oo sarreeya, aad u adag, waana kirishtaan liidata heerkulka qolka.
Crystalline boron
Qaabka crystalline boron inta badan waa β-form, kaas oo ka soo unkamay β-form iyo γ-qaabka cube si loo sameeyo qaab dhismeed crystal go'an. Sida boron crystalline si dabiici ah u soo baxa, badnideedu waxay ka badan tahay 80%. Midabku guud ahaan waa budo cawl-brown ah ama qaybo qaabaysan oo bunni ah oo aan caadi ahayn. Cabbirka walxaha caadiga ah ee budada boron crystalline ee ay samaysay oo ay habaysay shirkadeena waa 15-60μm; Cabbirka walxaha caadiga ah ee qaybaha boron crystalline waa 1-10mm (xajmiga qayb gaar ah ayaa loo habeyn karaa iyadoo loo eegayo baahida macaamiisha). Guud ahaan, waxay u qaybsantaa shan tilmaamood iyadoo loo eegayo nadiifnimada: 2N, 3N, 4N, 5N, iyo 6N.
Cadaynta Ganacsiga Crystal Boron
| Summada | Waxa ku jira B (%)≥ | Waxyaabaha wasakhaysan (PPM)≤ | ||||||||||
| Fe | Au | Ag | Cu | Sn | Mn | Ca | As | Pb | W | Ge | ||
| UMCB6N | 99.9999 | 0.5 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.04 |
| UMCB5N | 99.999 | 8 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.05 | 0.05 |
| UMCB4N | 99.99 | 90 | 0.06 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 1.2 | 0.2 | |||
| UMCB3N | 99.9 | 200 | 0.08 | 0.8 | 10 | 9 | 3 | 18 | 0.3 | |||
| UMCB2N | 99 | 500 | 2.5 | 1 | 12 | 30 | 300 | 0.08 | ||||
Xidhmada: Inta badan waxaa lagu xidhaa dhalooyinka polytetrafluoroethylene waxaana lagu shaabadeeyey gaas aan shaqaynayn, oo leh tilmaamo 50g/100g/dhalo ah;
Amorphous boron
Amorphous boron waxa kale oo loo yaqaan boron non-crystalline. Qaabkeedu waa α-qaabeeya, oo ka tirsan qaab-dhismeedka crystal tetragonal, midabkiisuna waa bunni madow ama huruud yar. Budada boron-ka amorphous ee ay samaysay oo ay habaysay shirkadeena waa badeecad heersare ah. Ka dib markii qoto dheer, maadada boron waxay gaari kartaa 99%, 99.9%; cabbirka walxaha caadiga ah waa D50≤2μm; marka loo eego shuruudaha cabbirka walxaha gaarka ah ee macaamiisha, budada-nanometer-ka hoose (≤500nm) waa la farsamayn karaa oo la habeyn karaa.
Tilmaamaha Ganacsiga Amorphous Boron
| Summada | Waxa ku jira B (%)≥ | Waxyaabaha wasakhaysan (PPM)≤ | |||||||
| Fe | Au | Ag | Cu | Sn | Mn | Ca | Pb | ||
| UMAB3N | 99.9 | 200 | 0.08 | 0.8 | 10 | 9 | 3 | 18 | 0.3 |
| UMAB2N | 99 | 500 | 2.5 | 1 | 12 | 30 | 300 | 0.08 | |
Xidhmada: Guud ahaan, waxaa lagu baakadeeyay bacaha aluminium aluminium faakuum ah oo leh tilmaamo ah 500g/1kg (budada nano lama faaruqin);
Isotope ¹¹B
Baaxadda dabiiciga ah ee isotope ¹¹B waa 80.22%, waana dopant tayo sare leh iyo qaybiye agabka chip semiconductor. Dopant ahaan, ¹¹B waxay ka dhigi kartaa ion silikoon si cufan loo habeeyey, kaas oo loo isticmaalo soo saarida wareegyada isku dhafan iyo microchips cufnaanta sare leh, waxayna saameyn wanaagsan ku leedahay hagaajinta awoodda faragelinta shucaaca ee aaladaha semiconductor. ¹¹B isotope-ka ay samaysay oo ay habaysay shirkadeena waa isotope crystal qaabaysan oo cubic β leh oo nadiif ah oo aad u badan, waana alaabta ceeriin ee lagama maarmaanka u ah chips-dhamaadka sare.
Isotope¹¹B Faahfaahinta Ganacsiga
| Summada | Waxa ku jira B (%)≥ | Badan (90%) | Cabbirka walxaha (mm) | Odhaah |
| UMIB6N | 99.9999 | 90 | ≤2 | Waxaan ku habeyn karnaa alaabooyinka leh tiro badan iyo cabbirka walxaha kala duwan iyadoo loo eegayo shuruudaha isticmaalaha |
Xirmada: Waxaa lagu soo raray dhalada polytetrafluoroethylene, oo ay ka buuxaan ilaalinta gaaska aan shaqaynayn, 50g/dhalo;
Isotope ¹ºB
Baaxadda dabiiciga ah ee isotope ¹ºB waa 19.78%, taas oo ah shay gaashaanka nukliyeerka ah oo aad u wanaagsan, gaar ahaan saamaynta nuugista wanaagsan ee neutrons. Waa mid ka mid ah alaabta ceeriin ee lagama maarmaanka u ah qalabka warshadaha nukliyeerka. Isotope ¹ºB ee ay soo saartay oo ay soo saartay shirkadeena waxaa iska leh isotope β-qaabeeya oo cubic ah, kaas oo leh faa'iidooyinka nadiifnimo sare, fara badan iyo isku-dhafka fudud ee biraha. Waa alaabta ceeriin ee ugu weyn ee qalabka gaarka ah.
Isotope¹ºB Faahfaahinta Ganacsiga
| Summada | Waxa ku jira B (%)≥ | Badan (%) | Cabbirka walxaha (μm) | Cabbirka walxaha (μm) |
| UMIB3N | 99.9 | 95,92,90,78 | ≥60 | Waxaan ku habeyn karnaa alaabooyinka leh tiro badan iyo cabbirka walxaha kala duwan iyadoo loo eegayo shuruudaha isticmaalaha |
Xirmada: Waxaa lagu soo raray dhalada polytetrafluoroethylene, oo ay ka buuxaan ilaalinta gaaska aan shaqaynayn, 50g/dhalo;
Waa maxay boron Amorphous, budada boron iyo boron dabiiciga ah ee loo isticmaalo?
Waxaa jira codsiyo ballaaran oo loogu talagalay boron Amorphous, budada boron iyo boron dabiiciga ah. Waxaa loo isticmaalaa biraha, elektiroonigga, daawada, ceramics, warshadaha nukliyeerka, warshadaha kiimikada iyo qaybaha kale.
1. Amorphous boron waxa loo isticmaalaa warshadaha baabuurta sidii shidiye barkinta shilka iyo adkaynta suunka. Amorphous boron waxa loo isticmaalaa farsamada pyrotechnics iyo gantaalada sida wax lagu daro ololka, dab-damiyayaal iyo habaynta dib u dhigista, shidaal adag, iyo walxaha qarxa. Waxay siisaa ololka midab cagaaran oo gaar ah.
2. Boron-dabiiciga ahi waxa uu ka kooban yahay laba isotopes oo deggan, mid ka mid ah (boron-10) waxa uu leeyahay tiro adeegsi oo ah wakiilka neutron-ka-qaadista. Waxa loo isticmaalaa sida nuugeeyaha neutron-ka ee kontaroolada reactor nukliyeerka, iyo adkaynta shucaaca.
3. Boron Elemental waxa loo isticmaalaa dopant ahaan warshadaha semiconductor, halka xeryahooda boron ka ciyaaraan door muhiim ah sida qalabka qaab-dhismeedka iftiinka, cayayaanka iyo ilaalinta, iyo reagents for synthesis kiimikaad.
4. Budada Boron waa nooc ka mid ah shidaalka birta ah oo leh qiyamka calorific-sare ee gravimetric iyo volumetric, kaas oo si weyn looga isticmaali jiray goobaha militariga sida gawaarida adag, walxaha qarxa ee tamarta sare leh, iyo pyrotechnics. Iyo heerkulka dabka ee budada boron ayaa si weyn hoos ugu dhacaysa sababtoo ah qaabkeeda aan joogtada ahayn iyo aagga weyn ee gaarka ah;
5. Budada boron waxaa loo isticmaalaa sida qayb ka mid ah alaabada birta ah ee gaarka ah si ay u sameeyaan alloys iyo hagaajinta sifooyinka farsamada ee biraha. Waxa kale oo loo isticmaali karaa in lagu dahaadho fiilooyinka tungsten ama sida buuxinta isku dhafka biraha ama dhoobada. Boron waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa daawaha ujeedo gaar ah si ay u adkeeyaan biraha kale, gaar ahaan alwaaxyada naxaasta heerkulka sare.
6. Budada boron waxaa loo isticmaalaa sida deoxidizer-ka-soo-baxa dhalaalidda naxaasta ee bilaa ogsajiinta ah. Qadar yar oo budada boron ah ayaa lagu daraa inta lagu jiro habka dhalaalidda birta. Dhinaca kale, waxaa loo isticmaalaa sida deoxidizer si looga hortago in birta ay oksaydhisku ku jirto heerkulka sare. Budada boron waxaa loo isticmaalaa wax lagu daro lebenka-magnesia-carbon ee loo isticmaalo foornooyinka heerkulka sare leh ee samaynta birta;
7. Budada Boron waxay sidoo kale faa'iido u leedahay codsi kasta oo meelaha sare ee sare ee la rabo sida daaweynta biyaha iyo codsiyada unugyada shidaalka iyo qoraxda. Nanoparticles sidoo kale waxay soo saaraan meelo aad u sarreeya.
8. Budada boron sidoo kale waa alaab muhiim ah oo loogu talagalay soo saarista boron halide nadiif ah oo sarreeya, iyo walxaha kale ee boron-ka ee cayriin; Budada boron waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaali karaa sida gargaarka alxanka; Budada boron waxaa loo isticmaalaa bilawga barkinta shilka ee baabuurta;
