Waa maxay mabda'a xeryahooda birta ah ee nuugaya fallaadhaha infrared iyo maxay yihiin arrimaha saameynaya?
Iskudhisyada birta, oo ay ku jiraan xeryahooda naadirka ah ee dhulka, ayaa door muhiim ah ka ciyaara nuugista infrared. Hogaamiye ahaan biraha dhifka ah iyo isku dhafka dhulka naadir,UrbanMines Tech. Co., Ltd. u adeega ku dhawaad 1/8 macaamiisha aduunka nuugista infrared. Si wax looga qabto su'aalaha farsamada ee macaamiisheena ee ku saabsan arrintan, xarunta cilmi baarista iyo horumarinta ee shirkadeena ayaa soo diyaarisay maqaalkan si ay uga jawaabto
1.Mabda'a iyo sifooyinka nuugista infrared by xeryahooda biraha
Mabda'a nuugista infrared by xeryahooda biraha waxay inta badan ku salaysan yihiin gariirka qaab dhismeedka molecular iyo curaarta kiimikada. spectroscopy Infrared spectroscopy wuxuu bartaa qaab-dhismeedka molecular iyadoo lagu cabbirayo kala-guurka gariir intramolecular iyo heerarka tamarta wareega. Gariirka curaarta kiimikada ee xeryahooda biraha waxay u horseedi doontaa nuugista infrared, gaar ahaan bonds-organic bonds ee xeryahooda birta-organic, gariirka curaarta badan ee curaarta ah, iyo gariirka jir crystal, kaas oo ka muuqan doona gobollada kala duwan ee spectrum infrared ah.
Waxqabadka isku dhafka birta ee kala duwan ee spectra infrared:
(1) .. MXene walxaha: MXene waa laba-cabbir kala-guurka birta-carbon / nitrogen oo leh qaybo qani ah, korriin macdan ah, meel gaar ah oo gaar ah, iyo dusha firfircoon. Waxay leedahay heerar nuugista infrared kala duwan ee qaybaha u dhow-infrared iyo dhex-/fog-infrared bands waxaana si weyn loogu isticmaalay camouflage infrared, beddelidda kuleylka kuleylka, iyo meelo kale sannadihii la soo dhaafay.
Iskudhisyada Copper: Iskudhisyada naxaasta ee Fosfooraska ku jira waxay si fiican u qabtaan kuwa nuugaya infrared-ka, iyagoo si wax ku ool ah uga hortagaya ifafaalaha madow ee ay sababaan fallaadhaha ultraviolet iyo ilaalinta iftiinka muuqda ee muuqda iyo guryaha nuugista infrared si deggan muddo dheer 3.
Kiisaska codsiga wax ku oolka ah
(1) . Waxay si wax ku ool ah u yareeyn karaan sifooyinka infrared-ka ee bartilmaameedka waxayna wanaajiyaan qarinta2.
(2) Beddelka Photothermal: Qalabka MXene waxay leeyihiin sifooyin qiiqa hoose ee dhexda / fogaanta infrared bands, kuwaas oo ku habboon codsiyada beddelka kuleylka waxayna si hufan ugu beddeli karaan tamarta iftiinka tamarta kulaylka2.
(3) Walxaha daaqada: Halabuurka resin ka kooban nuucyada infrared waxaa loo isticmaalaa in alaabta daaqadaha si wax ku ool ah u xannibo fallaadhaha infrared iyo horumarinta waxtarka tamarta 3.
Kiisaska codsigani waxay muujinayaan kala duwanaanshaha iyo wax ku oolka xeryahooda birta ee nuugista infrared, gaar ahaan doorkooda muhiimka ah ee sayniska casriga ah iyo warshadaha.
2. Waa kuwee xeryahooda biraha nuugi kara fallaadhaha infrared?
Iskudhisyada birta ee nuugi kara fallaadhaha infrared waxaa ka mid ahAntimony tin oxide (ATO), Indium tin oxide (ITO), aluminium zinc oxide (AZO), tungsten trioxide (WO3), tetroxide iron (Fe3O4) iyo strontium titanate (SrTiO3).
2.1 Tilmaamaha nuugista infrared ee isku dhafka birta
Antimony tin oxide (ATO): Waxay ku difaaci kartaa iftiinka u dhow-infrared oo leh mawjad ka weyn 1500 nm, laakiin ma ilaalin karto iftiinka ultraviolet iyo iftiinka infrared leh mawjad ka yar 1500 nm.
Indium Tin Oxide (ITO): Si la mid ah ATO, waxay leedahay saamaynta gaashaanka iftiinka infrared-ka dhow.
Zinc aluminium oxide (AZO): Waxa kale oo uu leeyahay shaqada gaashaanka iftiinka infrared-ka dhow.
Tungsten trioxide (WO3): Waxa ay leedahay saamayn resonance plasmon oogaara oo maxalli ah iyo habka nuugista polaron yar, waxa ay ku ilaalin kartaa shucaaca infrared oo dhererkiisu yahay 780-2500 nm, waana mid aan sun ahayn oo aan qaali ahayn.
Fe3O4: Waxay leedahay nuugista infrared wanaagsan iyo sifooyinka ka jawaabida kulaylka waxaana inta badan loo adeegsadaa dareemayaasha infrared-ka iyo aaladaha.
Strontium titanate (SrTiO3): waxay leedahay nuugista infrared aad u fiican iyo sifooyin indhaha, oo ku habboon dareemayaasha infrared-ka iyo qalabka-sheegayaasha.
Erbium fluoride (ErF3): waa unug dhul dhif ah oo nuugi kara fallaadhaha infrared. Eerbium fluoride waxa uu leeyahay kiristaalo midab leh, barta dhalaalaysa 1350°C, barta karkarinta 2200°C, iyo cufnaanta 7.814g/cm³. Waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa daahan indhaha, doping fiber, kiristaalo laser, hal-crystal alaabta ceeriin, amplifiers laser, daro kicinta, iyo beeraha kale.
2.2 Codsiga isku dhafka birta ee walxaha nuugaya infrared
Iskudhisyada birta ah ayaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa walxaha nuugista infrared. Tusaale ahaan, ATO, ITO, iyo AZO waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa in conductive hufan, antistatic, daahan ilaalinta shucaaca iyo electrodes hufan; WO3 waxaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa dahaarka kulaylka kala duwan, nuugista, iyo milicsiga agabka infrared-ka sababtoo ah wax qabadkeeda gaashaanka ee u dhow ee ugu fiican iyo sifooyinka aan sunta ahayn. Xeryahooda biraha ah waxay door muhiim ah ka ciyaaraan goobta tignoolajiyada infrared sababtoo ah sifooyinka nuugista infrared ee gaarka ah.
2.3 Waa kuwee xeryahooda naadirka ah ee dhulka soo nuugi kara fallaadhaha infrared?
Waxaa ka mid ah curiyeyaasha dhulka naadirka ah, lanthanum hexaboride iyo nano-lanthanum boride waxay nuugi karaan fallaadhaha infrared.Lanthanum hexaboride (LaB6)waa shay si weyn loogu isticmaalo raadaarka, hawada sare, warshadaha elektiroonigga ah, qalabaynta, qalabka caafimaadka, biraha qalabka guriga, ilaalinta deegaanka, iyo meelo kale. Gaar ahaan, lanthanum hexaboride hal crystal waa walxo samaynta tuubooyin elektaroonik ah oo awood sare leh, magnetrons, alwaaxyada elektarooniga ah, alwaaxyada ion, iyo cathodes dardargelinta.
Intaa waxaa dheer, nano-scale lanthanum boride sidoo kale waxay leedahay hantida nuugista fallaadhaha infrared. Waxaa loo adeegsadaa dahaarka dusha sare ee xaashida filimka polyetylen si loo xakameeyo fallaadhaha infrared ee iftiinka qorraxda. Marka la nuugo fallaadhaha infrared, nano-scale lanthanum boride ma nuugo iftiin aad u muuqda. Maaddadani waxay ka hortagi kartaa fallaadhaha infrared inay galaan muraayadda daaqada ee cimilada kulul, waxayna si waxtar leh uga faa'iideysan kartaa iftiinka iyo tamarta kulaylka cimilada qabow.
Curiyayaasha dhulka naadirka ah ayaa si weyn looga isticmaalaa dhinacyo badan, oo ay ku jiraan militariga, tamarta nukliyeerka, tignoolajiyada sare, iyo alaabta maalinlaha ah ee macaamiisha. Tusaale ahaan, lanthanum waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu wanaajiyo waxqabadka taatikada ee agabyada hubka iyo qalabka, gadolinium iyo isotopes-keeda waxaa loo isticmaalaa nuucyada neutron-ka ee beerta tamarta nukliyeerka, iyo cerium waxaa loo isticmaalaa wax lagu daro galaas si loo nuugo ultraviolet iyo fallaadho.
Cerium, sida wax lagu daro dhalada, waxay nuugi kartaa ultraviolet iyo fallaadho infrared waxaana hadda si weyn loogu isticmaalaa muraayadda baabuurta. Ma aha oo kaliya inay ka ilaaliso fallaadhaha ultraviolet laakiin sidoo kale waxay yaraynaysaa heerkulka gudaha baabuurka, sidaas darteed waxay u badbaadisaa koronto qaboojinta. Laga soo bilaabo 1997, galaas baabuur Japan ah ayaa lagu daray cerium oxide, waxaana loo isticmaalay baabuurta 1996.
3.Guryaha iyo arrimaha saamaynta leh ee nuugista infrared by xeryahooda biraha
3.1 Waxyaabaha saamaynta leh ee nuugista infrared-ka ee xeryahooda birta ayaa inta badan ka mid ah dhinacyada soo socda:
Qiyaasta heerka nuugista: Heerka nuugista xeryahooda birta ilaa fallaadhaha infrared way kala duwan yihiin iyadoo ku xidhan arrimo ay ka mid yihiin nooca birta, xaaladda dusha sare, heerkulka, iyo dhererka hirarka fallaadha infrared. Biraha caadiga ah sida aluminium, naxaas, iyo birta inta badan waxay leeyihiin heerka nuugista falaadhaha infrared inta u dhaxaysa 10% iyo 50% heerkulka qolka. Tusaale ahaan, heerka nuugista ee dusha sare ee aluminium saafi ah ilaa fallaadhaha infrared heerkulka qolka waa qiyaastii 12%, halka heerka nuugista ee dusha naxaasta qallafsan uu gaari karo ilaa 40%.
3.2 Waxyaabaha saamaynta leh ee nuugista infrared by xeryahooda biraha:
Noocyada biraha: Biraha kala duwan waxay leeyihiin qaab-dhismeedyo atomic oo kala duwan iyo hababka elektarooniga ah, taasoo keentay awooddooda nuugista ee kala duwan ee fallaadhaha infrared.
Xaaladda dusha sare: qallafsanaanta, lakabka oksaydhka, ama dahaarka dusha birta ayaa saamayn doona heerka nuugista.
Heerkulka: Isbeddelka heerkulka ayaa beddeli doona xaaladda elektarooniga ah ee gudaha birta, taas oo saameynaysa nuugista fallaadhaha infrared.
Hirarka Infrared-ka: Mawjadaha kala duwan ee fallaadhaha infrared waxay leeyihiin awoodo nuugista oo kala duwan oo biraha ah.
Isbeddellada ku jira xaalado gaar ah: Xaalado gaar ah, heerka nuugista fallaadhaha infrared ee biraha ayaa si weyn isu beddeli kara. Tusaale ahaan, marka dusha sare ee birta lagu daboolo lakabka walxaha gaarka ah, awoodda ay u leedahay in ay nuugaan fallaadhaha infrared waa la wanaajin karaa. Intaa waxaa dheer, isbeddelada ku yimaada xaaladda elektarooniga ah ee birta ee jawiga heerkulka sare ayaa sidoo kale keeni kara korodhka heerka nuugista.
Goobaha Codsiga: Tilmaamaha nuugista infrared ee xeryahooda birta waxay leeyihiin qiimo codsi oo muhiim ah oo ku jira tignoolajiyada infrared, sawirka kulaylka, iyo qaybaha kale. Tusaale ahaan, iyada oo la xakameynayo daahan ama heerkulka dusha birta ah, nuugista fallaadhaha infrared waa la hagaajin karaa, taas oo u oggolaanaysa codsiyada cabbirka heerkulka, sawirka kulaylka, iwm.
Hababka Tijaabada iyo Taariikhda Cilmi-baarista: Cilmi-baadhayaashu waxay go'aamiyeen heerka nuugista falaadhaha infrared ee biraha iyada oo loo marayo cabbiraad tijaabo ah iyo daraasado xirfad leh. Xogtan ayaa muhiim u ah fahamka sifooyinka indhaha ee isku dhafka birta iyo horumarinta codsiyada la xidhiidha.
Marka la soo koobo, sifooyinka nuugista infrared ee xeryahooda birta ah waxaa saameeya arrimo badan waxaana laga yaabaa inay si weyn isu beddelaan xaalado kala duwan. Guryahaan waxaa si weyn looga isticmaalaa meelo badan.