Tsvakurudzo & Discovery
Inotaridzika kunge lithium uye lithium hydroxides pano kuti igare, ikozvino: kunyangwe tsvakiridzo yakadzama ine zvimwe zvekushandisa, hapana chinhu chiri pamhene chinogona kutsiva lithium sechivakwa chemazuva ano bhatiri tekinoroji.
Ose ari maviri lithium hydroxide (LiOH) uye lithium carbonate (LiCO3) mitengo yanga ichinongedza pasi mumwedzi mishoma yapfuura uye ichangoburwa musika shakeup zvirokwazvo haigadzirisi mamiriro ezvinhu. Nekudaro, kunyangwe nekutsvaga kwakadzama mune zvimwe zvekushandisa, hapana chinhu chiri pamusoro chinogona kutsiva lithium sechivako chekuvaka tekinoroji yebhatiri yemazuva ano mukati memakore mashoma anotevera. Sezvatinoziva kubva kuvagadziri veakasiyana lithium bhatiri magadzirirwo, dhiyabhorosi anorara mune zvakadzama uye apa ndipo panowanikwa ruzivo rwekuvandudza zvishoma nezvishoma simba remagetsi, kunaka uye kuchengetedzeka kwemaseru.
Iine mota nyowani dzemagetsi (EVs) dziri kuunzwa panenge pavhiki, indasitiri iri kutsvaga yakavimbika masosi uye tekinoroji. Kune avo vanogadzira mota hazvina basa izvo zviri kuitika mumarebhu ekutsvagisa. Vanoda zvigadzirwa pano uye ikozvino.
Kuchinja kubva pa lithium carbonate kuenda ku lithium hydroxide
Kusvika nguva pfupi yadarika lithium carbonate yanga iri kutarisa kwevazhinji vanogadzira mabhatiri eEV, nekuti dhizaini yebhatiri iripo inodaidzira macathodes vachishandisa iyi mbishi. Zvisinei, izvi zvava kuda kuchinja. Lithium hydroxide zvakare chinhu chakakosha mukugadzirwa kwebhatiri cathodes, asi iri mupfupi mupfupi pane lithium carbonate parizvino. Kunyange iri chigadzirwa chakanyanya niche kupfuura lithium carbonate, inoshandiswawo nevagadziri vakuru vebhatiri, vari kukwikwidza neindasitiri yemafuta ekuzora kune imwechete mbishi. Saka nekudaro, zvinopihwa zve lithium hydroxide zvinozotarisirwa kuve zvishoma.
Mabhenefiti akakosha e lithium hydroxide bhatiri cathodes zvine chekuita nemamwe makemikari emakemikari anosanganisira nani simba density (yakawanda bhatiri huwandu), hurefu hwehupenyu kutenderera uye yakawedzera kuchengetedza maficha.
Nechikonzero ichi, kudiwa kubva kuindasitiri yebhatiri inochajika kwakaratidza kukura kwakasimba mukati memakore ose a2010, nekuwedzera kwekushandiswa kwemabhatiri makuru e-lithium-ion mumashandisi emotokari. Muna 2019, mabhatiri anochajwa akaverengera makumi mashanu neina muzana eiyo yakazara lithium inoda, ingangoita kubva kuLi-ion bhatiri tekinoroji. Kunyangwe kukurumidza kusimuka kweiyo hybrid uye kutengeswa kwemotokari dzemagetsi kwakanangana nezvinodiwa zvelithium komisheni, kutengesa kuri kudonha muhafu yechipiri ya2019 muChina - musika mukuru weEVs - uye kudzikiswa kwepasirese kwekutengesa kunokonzerwa nekuvharika kune hukama neCOVID. -19 denda muhafu yekutanga ya2020 vakaisa iyo yenguva pfupi 'mabhureki' pakukura kwelithium kudiwa, nekukanganisa kudiwa kubva kune ese mabhatiri uye maindasitiri ekushandisa. Mamiriro enguva refu anoramba achiratidza kukura kwakasimba kwelithium kudiwa mumakore gumi ari kuuya, zvisinei, nekufanotaura kweRoskill kunodarika 1.0Mt LCE muna 2027, nekukura kunopfuura 18% pagore kusvika 2030.
Izvi zvinoratidza maitiro ekuisa mari yakawanda mukugadzirwa kweLiOH sekuenzaniswa neLiCO3; uye apa ndipo panopinda lithium sosi: spodumene rock inonyanya kuchinjika maererano nemaitiro ekugadzira. Inobvumira kugadzirwa kwakagadziridzwa kweLiOH nepo kushandiswa kwe lithium brine kunowanzo tungamira kuburikidza neLiCO3 semurevereri kugadzira LiOH. Nekudaro, mutengo wekugadzira weLiOH wakadzikira zvakanyanya ne spodumene sosi panzvimbo yebrine. Zviripachena kuti, nehuwandu hwakawanda hwelithium brine inowanikwa pasirese, pakupedzisira tekinoroji nyowani dzinofanirwa kugadzirwa kuti dzishandise sosi iyi nemazvo. Nemakambani akasiyana-siyana ari kuongorora maitiro matsva tichazoona izvi zvichiuya, asi ikozvino, spodumene ibheti yakachengeteka.
