Okisa Tulium
Okisa TuliumMeatotino
| Upu tutusa | thulium (III) oxide, thulium sesquioxide |
| Numera o le Cas. | 12036-44-1 |
| Fua fa'akemikolo | Tm2O3 |
| Mamafa molar | 385.866g/mol |
| Foliga vaaia | tioata kubiko lanumeamata-paʻepaʻe |
| Mafiafia | 8.6g/cm3 |
| Tulaga e liusuavai ai | 2,341°C(4,246°F;2,614K) |
| Pula le tulaga | 3,945°C(7,133°F;4,218K) |
| Fa'asolo i le vai | e faigofie ona fa'asusu i totonu o 'āsi |
| Fa'aletonu fa'amagnetika (χ) | +51,444·10−6cm3/mol |
Mama MaualugaOkisa TuliumFa'amatalaga
| Tele o le Vaega (D50) | 2.99 μm |
| Mama (Tm2O3) | ≧99.99% |
| TREO (Aofa'i o Oksida o le Lalolagi e Seāseā Maua) | ≧99.5% |
| Mataupu o Mea Leaga | ppm | Mea Leaga e Le o ni REE | ppm |
| La2O3 | 2 | Fe2O3 | 22 |
| CeO2 | <1 | SiO2 | 25 |
| Pr6O11 | <1 | CaO | 37 |
| Nd2O3 | 2 | PbO | Nd |
| Sm2O3 | <1 | CL¯ | 860 |
| Eu2O3 | <1 | LOI | 0.56% |
| Gd2O3 | <1 | ||
| Tb4O7 | <1 | ||
| Dy2O3 | <1 | ||
| Ho2O3 | <1 | ||
| Er2O3 | 9 | ||
| Yb2O3 | 51 | ||
| Lu2O3 | 2 | ||
| Y2O3 | <1 |
【Afifiina】25KG/ato Manaʻoga: teteʻe i le susu, leai se pefu, mago, faʻamama lelei ma faʻamamā.
O le ā le mea e fa'aaogā i ai le Thulium(III) Oxide (Tm₂O₃) Powder?
Tulium(III) Oxide (Tm₂O₃)O le pauta o se mea e maua mai le eleele seasea e maualuga le mama ma e tāua tele ona o ona uiga tulaga ese o le photonic, nuclear, ma le catalytic. I le avea ai ma se tasi o lanthanide oxides e seasea maua, e mafai ai ona faʻaogaina tekinolosi faʻaonaponei i le tele o matāʻupu:
1. Inisinia o le Photonics ma le Optical
- Fesootaiga alava opitika:
✓ Erbium-Thulium Co-Doped Fiber Amplifiers (EDTFAs)**: Taua tele mo le fa'alauteleina o le fa'ateleina o le C-band (1530–1565 nm) i le L-band (1565–1625 nm) i totonu o faiga DWDM, fa'aleleia atili ai le gafatia o feso'ota'iga mamao.
✓ Upconversion Nanoparticles: Tm³⁺-doped ZBLAN (ZrF₄-BaF₂-LaF₃-AlF₃-NaF) fibers mo le liua o le malamalama e lata i le infrared i le malamalama vaaia i le bioimaging ma le laser cooling.
- Leisa Malo-Sete:
✓ Fa'aaogaina malosi i le ~2 µm wavelength lasers (Tm:YAG, Tm:YLF) mo:
- Fa'aoga fa'afoma'i (taotoga fesoasoani-lidar, aveeseina o ma'a fatuga'o)
- Lagona o le ea (iloiloina o le ausa o le vai e ala i le lidar mitiia eseese)
2. Fa'asologa o Meafaitino Fa'atekonolosi
- Inisinia o le Seramika:
✓ Mea fa'aopoopo mo le yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) e fa'amalosia ai le malosi o le gau i totonu o ufiufi fa'avevela (afifi vaalele, turbine kesi).
✓ Fa'amautu i totonu o keramika dielectric maualuga-k mo capacitors e tele vaega ma masini MEMS.
- Matatioata Fa'apitoa:
✓ Suia le fa'asinomaga o le refractive i tioata chalcogenide mo le ogatotonu o le IR optics (3–5 µm le lautele).
✓ Fa'aleleia atili le ma'a'a o le fa'asalalauina o le radiation i totonu o tioata scintillator mo masini e iloa ai le fisiki o vaega laiti.
3. Tekonolosi Fa'aniukilia
- Fa'a'a'a'a o Neutron:
✓ O le vaega maualuga o le pu'eina o neutron i le vevela (σ = 105 fale teu oloa) e mafai ai ona fa'aoga i:
- Ogāumu fa'atonutonu mo reactors vai fa'amama (PWRs)
- Mea fa'apipi'i e puipuia ai le vevela (Tm₂O₃-B₄C-epoxy hybrids)
- Gaosiga o le Radioisotope:
✓ Mea e muamua atu mo le neutron-activated ¹⁷⁰Tm (t₁/₂ = 128.6 aso), faʻaaogaina i:
- Punaoa X-ray laiti mo ata X-ray faafoma'i/fa'apisinisi feavea'i
- Tulaga fa'atulagaina mo le gamma spectroscopy
4. Tekonolosi Fa'afoma'i
- Nanostructured Biosensors:
✓ Tm₂O₃@SiO₂ nanoparticles o le atigi autu mo:
- fa'afanua o le siosiomaga o le tumo e tali atu i le pH
- Iloa o biomarkers i le taimi e fa'aitiitia ai le malamalama (fa'aitiitia le autofluorescence)
- Fa'aleleia atili o le Radiotherapy:
✓ Nanoscintillators e fa'aosofia e le X-ray mo le togafitiga fa'a-photodynamic o a'ano loloto (PDT) ma le sa'o atoatoa i lalo o le sela.
5. Fa'aoga Fa'akomuniti ma Fa'aeletoronika
- Manatuaga Kuantum:
✓ Kirīsita ua fa'apipi'iina i le Tm³⁺ (e pei o le Tm:YGG) mo le teuina opitika kuantum e ala i fa'atonuga o le atomic frequency comb.
- Fa'aolaola:
✓ Fa'alauiloa le fa'a'okesa'oina fa'apitoa o le methane i totonu o faiga fa'amumū fa'asolosolo vaila'au (CLC).
✓ Fa'aleleia atili le gaioiga i le fa'a-hydrogenation o le CO₂ i le methanol e ala i nanocomposites Tm₂O₃/CeO₂.
6. Tuaoi Fou
- Teuina o Faʻamatalaga e Matuā Maualuga le Mamafa:
✓ Ata manifinifi o le Photochromic Tm₂O₃ mo le fa'ailogaina o fa'amatalaga opitika 5D (polarization/wavelength multiplexing).
- Tekonolosi o le Vateatea:
✓ Ufiufi e tete'e atu i le ave o le la mo mea fa'aeletoronika satelite (Tm₂O₃-Al₂O₃ nanolaminates).
Meatotino Autū e Fa'aosofia ai le Fouga Fou:
- Suiga fa'aeletoronika tulaga ese 4f-4f (450–800 nm emission)
- Mausali i le vevela e oo atu i le 2300°C (i totonu o le ea e le gaoioi)
- Amioga paramagnetic e mafai ona faʻaaogaina i masini spintronic
Fa'amatalaga Saogalemu: E mana'omia le taulimaina i totonu o le pusa totigilima mo pauta nanoscale; o le Tm e masani ona tupu e le o se radioactive, ae o foliga e fa'agaoioia e le neutron e mana'omia le tausisia o le NRC.
O lenei mea taua e fa'afeso'ota'i ai mea fa'apitoa masani ma tekinolosi kuantum, fa'atasi ai ma le fa'atupula'ia o le mana'oga i feso'ota'iga o le tupulaga fou, faiga o le malosi mama, ma vaila'au fa'apitoa. O lo'o su'esu'eina pea su'esu'ega i lona sao i mea e taofia ai le vevela ma mea e fa'amālūlūina ai le ea.
