Products
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Hafnium Tetrachloride
Hafnium Tetrachloride (HfCl₄) is a high-value inorganic compound widely employed as a precursor in the synthesis of advanced high-temperature ceramics, phosphor materials for high-power light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and heterogeneous catalysts. Notably, it exhibits exceptional Lewis acidity, rendering it highly effective in olefin polymerization and diverse organic transformations. Driven by expanding applications in semiconductor manufacturing, aerospace engineering, and next-generation electronic materials, global demand for HfCl₄ has demonstrated sustained growth. However, its industrial-scale production remains technically demanding—requiring stringent process control, ultra-high-purity feedstocks, and compliance with rigorous environmental, health, and safety (EHS) regulations. Given its pivotal role in enabling high-performance functional materials and specialty catalysts, HfCl₄ is increasingly recognized as a strategic raw material for advanced materials science and fine chemical synthesis.
Hafnium, 72Hf Appearance Steel gray Atomic number (Z) 72 Phase at STP Solid Melting point 2506 K (2233℃, 4051 ℉) Boiling point 4876 K (4603 ℃, 8317 ℃) Density (at 20℃) 13.281 g/cm3 When liquid (at m.p.) 12 g/cm3 Heat of fusion 27.2 kJ/mol Heat of vaporization 648 kJ/mol Molar heat capacity 25.73 J/(mol·K) Specific heat capacity 144.154 J/(kg·K) Enterprise Standard of 5N Purity Grade Hafnium Tetrachloride
Symbol Li 7 (ppb) Be 9 (ppb) Na 23 (ppb) Mg 24 (ppb) Al 27 (ppb) K 39 (ppb) Ca 40 (ppb) V 51 (ppb) Cr 52 (ppb) Mn 55 (ppb) Fe 56 (ppb) Co 59 (ppb) Ni 60 (ppb) Cu 63 (ppb) Zn 66 (ppb) Ga 69 (ppb) Ge 74 (ppb) Sr 87 (ppb) UMHT5N 0.371 2.056 17.575 6.786 87.888 31.963 66.976 0.000 74.184 34.945 1413.776 21.639 216.953 2.194 20.241 12.567 8.769 3846.227 Zr 90 (ppb) Nb 93 (ppb) Mo98 (ppb) Pd106 (ppb) Ag 107 (ppb) As 108 (ppb) Cd 111 (ppb) In 115 (ppb) Sn 118 (ppb) Sb 121 (ppb) Ti131 (ppb) Ba 138 (ppb) W 184 (ppb) Au -2197 (ppb) Hg 202 (ppb) Tl 205 (ppb) Pb 208 (ppb) Bi 209 (ppb) 41997.655 8.489 181.362 270.662 40.536 49.165 5.442 0.127 26.237 1.959 72.198 0.776 121.391 1707.062 68.734 0.926 14.582 36.176 Comment: The above parameters were detected by ICP-MS.
Hafnium tetrachloride (HfCl₄) is a colorless, crystalline solid with a molecular weight of 320.30 g/mol and CAS Registry Number 13499-05-3. It melts at 320 °C and undergoes sublimation at approximately 317 °C under ambient pressure. The compound is extremely hygroscopic and reacts exothermically and vigorously with moisture, necessitating storage under anhydrous, inert atmospheric conditions (e.g., argon or nitrogen) in tightly sealed containers. Due to its strong corrosivity, direct contact with skin or eyes may result in severe chemical burns. As a Class 8 corrosive hazardous substance (UN2509), handling requires appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including chemical-resistant gloves, goggles, and respiratory protection where dust generation is possible.
What is Hafnium Tetrachloride used for?
Hafnium tetrachloride (HfCl₄) is a versatile inorganic compound that, owing to its unique chemical properties, finds extensive applications in numerous high-tech fields:
- Semiconductors and Electronic Materials: It serves as a key precursor for preparing high-dielectric-constant materials (such as hafnium dioxide), used in transistor gate insulating layers to significantly enhance chip performance. It is also widely employed in chemical vapor deposition (CVD) processes to deposit metallic hafnium or hafnium compound thin films, applied in high-performance transistors, memory devices, etc.
- Ultra-High Temperature Ceramics and Aerospace: Used in the manufacture of ultra-high temperature ceramic materials, which exhibit excellent high-temperature resistance, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance. These ceramics are suitable for extreme environments such as aircraft engine hot sections and rocket nozzles. Additionally, it can be used in high-power LED packaging materials to improve device heat dissipation and lifespan.
- Catalysis and Organic Synthesis: As an efficient Lewis acid catalyst, it promotes reactions such as olefin polymerization (e.g., as a precursor for Ziegler-Natta catalysts), esterification of alcohols and acids, acylation, and 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions, enhancing reaction rates and selectivity. It is also utilized in fine chemical synthesis of fragrances and pharmaceuticals.
- Nuclear Industry: Leveraging its good thermal and chemical stability, it is applied in nuclear reactor cooling systems and as coating materials for nuclear fuels, improving corrosion resistance and thermal stability.
- Energy Sector: Used as a raw material for synthesizing solid electrolyte materials like lithium hafnium phosphate for developing high ionic conductivity lithium batteries. It also serves as a precursor for high-capacity cathode materials in lithium and sodium-ion batteries.
- Zirconium-Hafnium Separation: Exploiting the difference in volatility between zirconium tetrachloride and hafnium tetrachloride, they can be efficiently separated via fractional distillation or gas chromatography. This is an important industrial method for obtaining pure hafnium.
In summary, hafnium tetrachloride plays an irreplaceable role in semiconductors, advanced materials, catalysis, nuclear energy, and new energy sectors, establishing itself as a core raw material in modern high-tech industries.
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High purity Vanadium(V) oxide (Vanadia) (V2O5) powder Min.98% 99% 99.5%
Vanadium Pentoxide appears as a yellow to red crystalline powder. Slightly soluble in water and denser than water. Contact may cause severe irritation to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. May be toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption.
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Boron Powder
Boron, a chemical element with the symbol B and atomic number 5, is a black/brown hard solid amorphous powder. It is highly reactive and soluble in concentrated nitric and sulfuric acids but insoluble in water, alcohol and ether. It has a high neutro absorption capacity.
UrbanMines specializes in producing high purity Boron Powder with the smallest possible average grain sizes. Our standard powder particle sizes average in the range of – 300 mesh, 1 microns and 50~80nm. We can also provide many materials in the nanoscale range. Other shapes are available by request. -
AR/CP grade Bismuth(III) nitrate Bi(NO3)3·5H20 assay 99%
Bismuth(III) Nitrate is a salt composed of bismuth in its cationic +3 oxidation state and nitrate anions, which the most common solid form is the pentahydrate. It is used in the synthesis of other bismuth compounds.
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![[Copy] Bismuth(III) oxide(Bi2O3) powder 99.999% trace metals basis](https://cdnus.globalso.com/um-material/bd2b81b5d7757f3b8c4d6052d1ef74a3_small.jpg)
[Copy] Bismuth(III) oxide(Bi2O3) powder 99.999% trace metals basis
Bismuth Trioxide (Bi2O3) is the prevalent commercial oxide of bismuth. As a precursor to the preparation of other compounds of bismuth, bismuth trioxide has specialized uses in optical glass, flame-retardant paper, and, increasingly, in glaze formulations where it substitutes for lead oxides.
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High purity Indium metal ingot Assay Min.99.9999%
Indium is a softer metal that is shiny and silvery and is commonly found in the automotive, electrical, and aerospace industries. Ingot is the simplest form of indium. Here at UrbanMines, Sizes are available from small ‘finger’ ingots, weighing only grams, to large ingots, weighing many kilograms.
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Cobalt powder available in a wide range of particle sizes 0.3~2.5μm
UrbanMines specializes in producing high purity Cobalt Powder with the smallest possible average grain sizes, which are useful in any application where high surface areas are desired such as water treatment and in fuel cell and solar applications. Our standard powder particle sizes average in the range of ≤2.5μm, and ≤0.5μm.
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High purity Bismuth Ingot Chunk 99.998% pure
Bismuth is a silvery-red, brittle metal that is commonly found in the medical, cosmetic, and defense industries. UrbanMines takes full advantage of High Purity (over 4N) Bismuth Metal Ingot’s intelligence.
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Lithium Bromide (LiBr)
Lithium Bromide (LiBr), a hygroscopic compound composed of lithium and bromine, is widely utilized in industrial and chemical applications due to its unique physicochemical properties. It is synthesized via reactions such as treating lithium carbonate with hydrobromic acid or reacting lithium hydroxide with bromine, yielding crystalline hydrates distinct from other alkali metal bromides.
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Trimethylaluminum(TMAI)
Trimethylaluminum (TMAI) is a critical raw material for the production of other metal-organic sources utilized in atomic layer deposition (ALD) and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) processes.
Trimethylaluminum represents one of the simplest organoaluminum compounds. Although its name suggests a monomeric structure, it actually has the formula Al2(CH3)6 (abbreviated as Al2Me6 or TMAI), existing as a dimer. This colorless liquid is pyrophoric and plays an industrially significant role, closely related to triethylaluminum.
UrbanMines ranks among the leading suppliers of Trimethylaluminum (TMAI) in China. Leveraging our advanced production techniques, we offer TMAI with varying levels of purity, tailored specifically for applications in the semiconductor, solar cell, and LED industries.
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Tellurium Micron/Nano Powder Purity 99.95 % Size 325 mesh
Tellurium is a silver-gray element, somewhere between metals and non-metals. Tellurium Powder is a non-metallic element recovered as a by-product of electrolytic copper refining. It is a fine gray powder made of antimony ingot by vacuum ball grinding technology.
Tellurium, with atomic number 52, is burned in the air with a blue flame to produce tellurium dioxide, which can react with halogen, but not with sulfur or selenium. Tellurium is soluble in sulfuric acid, nitric acid, potassium hydroxide solution. Tellurium for easy heat transfer and electrical conduction. Tellurium has the strongest metalality of all non-metallic companions.
UrbanMines produces pure tellurium with purity range from 99.9% to 99.999%, which can also be made into irregular block tellurium with stable trace elements and reliable quality.The tellurium products of tellurium include tellurium ingots, tellurium blocks, tellurium particles, tellurium powder and tellurium dioxide, purity range from 99.9% to 99.9999%, and can also be customized to purity and particle size according to customer needs.
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Antimony Metal Ingot (Sb Ingot) 99.9% Minimum Pure
Antimony is a bluish-white brittle metal, which has low thermal and electrical conductivity. Antimony Ingots have high corrosion and oxidation resistance and are ideal for conducting various chemical processes.