1. Makina opanga ma polsilicon: Njira yopanga ndi yovuta, ndipo pansi pake imayang'ana pa Photovoltaic semiconductors
Polysilicon makamaka amapangidwa kuchokera ku Silicon ya mafakitale, chlorine ndi haidrojeni, ndipo ali kumtunda kwa ziwanda zamakampani. Malinga ndi CPIA deta, njira yopangira Polyusilicon yomwe padziko lapansi ndi njira yosinthika yamiyala yosinthika, kupatula China, kupatula 95% ya polysilicon njira yosinthika yamiyala yosinthika. Pokonzekera polsilicon ndi njira yosinthira, yoyamba, mpweya wa chlorine umaphatikizidwa ndi mpweya wa hydrogen kuti uphulike, ndipo umayatsidwa ndi mpweya wa hydrogen kuti apange polysilicon. Polycrystalline silicon amatha kusungunuka ndikukhazikika kuti apange polycrystalline silicon irots, ndipo a Monocrystalsine silicon amathanso kupangidwa ndi Czochun ya Czochun. Poyerekeza ndi polycrystalline silicon, silicon imodzi ya kristal imapangidwa ndi mbewu za kristalo yokhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana, motero ili ndi mawonekedwe abwino komanso ochita bwino. Onse a Polycrystalline Silicon ibots ndi monocrystalline rods amatha kudulidwanso ndi ma cell a piyiran ndi ma cell, omwe amakhala m'malo ofunikira a Photovovoltaic kumunda. Kuphatikiza apo, mphukira imodzi ya crystal silicon imapangidwanso mu kupera kwa silika popukutirana mobwerezabwereza, kupukuta, kutsuka ndi njira zina, zomwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zida zopindika za ma ericonductor a semiconduc zida.
Kusauka kwa polysilicon kumafunikira, ndipo makampani ali ndi mawonekedwe a ndalama zambiri komanso zotchinga zapamwamba. Popeza kuyera kwa Polysilicon kudzasokoneza njira imodzi ya Crystal, zofuna za kuyera kwake ndizovuta kwambiri. Kuyera kochepa kwa polysilicon ndi 99.9999%, ndipo wamkulu kwambiri amakhala pafupi ndi 100%. Kuphatikiza apo, mtundu wa dziko la China chinayambitsa zofunikira zomveka zodetsa nkhawa, komanso kutengera izi, polyulilicon yagawidwa m'maphunziro, II, ndi III, yomwe ilipo, mpweya ndilosalo. "Pulogalamu ya Polysilicon ikupezeka" imalepheretsa kuti mabizinesi azikhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino komanso owongolera, komanso miyezo yazogulitsa mosamala kwambiri ndi mikhalidwe yadziko; Kuphatikiza apo, zopezekazo zimafunikiranso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mabizinesi opanga polysilicon, oterowo a polysilicon polojekiti yowonjezerapo, ndipo porsoms ndi 1000, kotero polysilicon ndi malonda akuluakulu. Malinga ndi ziwerengero za CPIA, ndalama zomwe zimagulitsa ndalama za polygilicon zopangidwa mwaluso zomwe zidagwiritsidwa ntchito mu 2021 zakwera pang'ono mpaka 103 miliyoni yuan / kt. Cholinga chake ndi kukwera mu mtengo wa zidziwitso zambiri zachitsulo. Zikuyembekezeredwa kuti mtengo womwewo wamtsogolo udzachuluka ndi kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo wopanga ndi kuchepa kwa monomer pomwe kukula kumakula. Malinga ndi malamulo, kumwa kwa polysilicon kwa kuchepa kwa solarralski kuyenera kukhala kochepera 60 kwh / kg motero, komanso zofuna zazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mphamvu. Kupanga kolysilicon kumakonda kukhala m'makampani opanga mankhwala. Njira yopanga ndi yovuta kwambiri, ndipo khomo laukadaulo laukadaulo, kusankha zida, kutumiza ndi opaleshoni ndizokwera. Njira yopanga imaphatikizapo zovuta zambiri zamankhwala, ndipo kuchuluka kwa malo owongolera ndi oposa 1,000. Ndikosavuta kuti okhometsa atsopano atseke master okhwima. Chifukwa chake, pali zopinga zapamwamba ndi zotchinga zaukadaulo zopanga polysilicon, zomwe zimalimbikitsanso opanga polysilicon kuti akwaniritse kutsanzira kwamayendedwe otuluka, madyerero ndi mayendedwe.
2. Kugawika kwa Polysilicon: Kuyera kumatsimikizira kugwiritsa ntchito, ndipo kalasi ya solar imakhala ndi lalikulu
Polycrystalline silicon, mawonekedwe a silicon wamkulu, amapangidwa ndi mbewu za kristalo zokhala ndi ma kristal osiyanasiyana, ndipo zimayeretsedwa ndi mafakitale a mafakitale. Kuwoneka kwa polysilicon ndi imvi yachitsulo, ndipo malo osungunuka ndi pafupifupi 1410 ℃. Sikugwira ntchito kutentha kwa chipinda ndi yogwira kwambiri mu dziko losungunula. Polysilicon ali ndi semicioctoctoctoct katundu ndipo ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri komanso chochuluka kwambiri, koma zodetsa zochepa zimatha kukhudza kwambiri mayendedwe ake. Pali njira zambiri za gulu la polysilicon. Kuphatikiza pa gulu lomwe lili pamwambapa malinga ndi mitundu ya mayiko a China, njira zitatu zofunika kwambiri za gulu. Malinga ndi zofunikira zosiyana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito, polysilicon ikhoza kugawidwa mu polysilicon polysilicon ndi polysicicon. Phokoso la Olysilicon limagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga ma cell a Photovovoltal, pomwe pakompyuta yamagetsi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakupanga mabizinesi aboma ndi zopangira za tchipisi ndi zina. Kuyera kwa polysilicon ya dzuwa ndi 6 ~ 8N, ndiko kuti, kudetsa kwathunthu ndikofunikira kuti zikhale zotsika kuposa 10 -6, ndipo kuyera kwa Polysilicon iyenera kufika 99% kapena kupitirira. Zofunikira za pyerity zamagetsi polysilicon ndizambiri, ndi osachepera 9n komanso okwanira 12n. Kupanga kwa polysilicon yamagetsi kumakhala kovuta. Pali mabizinesi ochepa aku China omwe amazindikira ukadaulo wopanga zamagetsi polysilicon, ndipo adakali odalira kunja. Pakadali pano, kutulutsa kwa polysilicicon yayikulu kwambiri kuposa kwa electonic-grade polysicicon, ndipo yoyamba kuli pafupifupi 13.8 nthawi yotsatira.
Malinga ndi kusiyana kwa zonyansa ndi mawonekedwe a sinayi, imatha kugawidwa mu p-mtundu wa p-mtundu. Pamene silicon imapangidwa ndi zovomerezeka zodetsa, monga Boron, aluminiyamu, galullium, etc. Pamene silicon imapangidwa ndi zodetsa zopereka, monga Phosphorous, arsenic, arsenic, etc, exctor elekition ndi n-mtundu. Mabatire a P-Mtundu wa PSF amaphatikizapo mabatire a BSF ndi mabatire a PerC. Mu 2021, mabatire a Perc adzawerengera zoposa 91% ya msika wapadziko lonse, ndipo mabatire a BSF adzachotsedwa. Munthawi yomwe perc imalowetsa BSF, kutembenuka kwa ma c-ma cell a P-Mictrict mpaka 28,7 mizere yopanga mabatire a N-Ly. Malinga ndi kunenera kwa Cpia, kuchuluka kwa mabatire n Pamwamba pazinthu zowotchera zimakhala ndi mwayi wochepa kwambiri kwa anthu ocheperako, ochepera 5mm, palibe mawonekedwe amtundu, palibe mtengo wapamwamba, komanso mtengo wapamwamba kwambiri; Pamwamba pa chomera cha kolifulawa chili ndi vuto lalikulu, 5-20mm, gawo limakhala loyera, ndipo mtengo wake uli pakati; Pomwe pali zinthu zolaula zokulirapo, kuyanitsa kwakukulu ndi kwakukulu kuposa 20mm, gawo limamasulidwa, ndipo mtengo wake ndiwotsika kwambiri. Zinthu zowirira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kujambula silicon, pomwe zida za kolifulawa ndi zinthu za kolifula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga polycrystalline alfer. Pakupanga mabizinesi a tsiku ndi tsiku, zinthu zowirira zimatha kujambulidwa popanda 30% za califulawar tourter kuti apange anocrystalline silicon. Mtengo wa zinthu zopangira zitha kupulumutsidwa, koma kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu za kolifulawa kumachepetsa kukoka kwa galasi kwabwino. Mabizinesi amafunika kusankha kuchuluka koyenera kutaya awiriwa. Posachedwa, kusiyana kwa mitengo pakati pa zinthu zakuthupi ndi mitengo ya kolifulawa kumakhazikika pa 3 RMB / kg. Kusiyana kwa mtengo ukukulirakulira, makampani angaganizire za zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisungunuke sikocket kukoka.
3. Ndondomeko: Njira yamitundu yamisala imakhala yotchuka, ndipo kumwa kwamphamvu kumakhala chinsinsi cha kusintha kwaukadaulo
Kupanga kwa polysilicon kumagawidwa mosiyanasiyana pamagawo awiri. Mu gawo loyamba, ufa wa mafakitale umakhala ndi boydrogen hyaride kuti apeze trichlorodosilane ndi hydrogen. Pambuyo pobwereza distillation ndi kuyeretsa, gasaous trichlororosilane, Dichlorodihricericon ndi Silane; Gawo lachiwiri ndikuchepetsa mpweya womwe uli pamwambapa kuti utchulidwe wa makhrima, ndipo kutsitsa kumasiyana mu njira yosinthidwa ndi njira ya silane. Njira yosinthika yamisala imapangitsa kuti ukadaulo wokhazikika ndi mtundu wopangidwa bwino, ndipo pakadali pano ukadaulo wogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri. Njira yopangira ku Siemen yachikhalidwe ndikugwiritsa ntchito chlorine ndi haidrojeni hydrogen chloride ndi ufa wa mapangidwe a ma prichlorodosilane. Silicon yomwe imapangitsa kuti matenthedwe ochepetsa mphamvu mu ng'anjo ya hydrogen kuti ipeze sicton yoyambira yosungidwa ndi silicon pakati. Pamaziko awa, masewera olimbitsa thupi amakhalanso ndi njira yothandizira kukonzanso zinthu za hydrogen, ndipo kuphatikiza sinayi tetrachloride kupangira ukadaulo wa Silicon Tetrachloride. Hydrogen chloride, trichlororosilane, ndi silicon tetrachloride mpweya wamafuta amalekanitsidwa. Hydrogen ndi hydrogen chloride ikhoza kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati kaphatikizidwe ndi kuyeretsa ndi trichlororosilane, ndi trichlorodoilane mwachindunji kuchepetsedwa kwamphamvu. Kuyeretsa kumachitika mu ng'anjo, ndipo silicon Tetrachloride ndi yojambulidwa kuti apange trichlorodosilane, yomwe itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeretsa. Izi zimatchedwanso mankhwala ozizira a hydrogenation. Pozindikira kupanga otsetsetsedwa, mabizinesi amatha kuchepetsa kwambiri kumwa zopangira ndi magetsi ambiri opulumutsa.
Mtengo Wotulutsa Polysilicon pogwiritsa ntchito njira yosinthira ku China ku China imaphatikizapo zida zopangira, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, etc. Kupita kwaukadaulo kumatha mphamvu. Zopangira zophika zimangotanthauza ku Sicon wa Isicnial ndi Trichlorodosilane, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kumaphatikizapo magetsi ndi nthunzi. Malinga ndi ziwerengero za Baululican za mitengo yopanga polysilicon koyambirira kwa June 2022, zida zopangira kwambiri ndizokwera mtengo kwambiri, zomwe zidawerengedwa 41% ya sinsati yayikulu ndiye gwero lalikulu la silicon. The silicnon mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mafakitale akuimira kuchuluka kwa silikan amadya gawo lililonse la sikic. Njira yowerengera ndikusintha zida zonse zokhala ndi mafakitale oyenda ndi ufa wa ufa ndi ma prichlorotosilane ndi kuchuluka kwa sikicni yopanda live. Malinga ndi CPIA deta, kuchuluka kwa kumwa sicnon kumatsika ndi 0,01 kg / kg / kg / kg / kg / kg / kg / kg / kg / kg / kg. Malinga ndi ziwerengero zosakwanira, kumwa kwa apiconen makampani akulu achikunja omwe ali m'makampani a polysilicon ndi otsika kuposa omwe amagulitsa pafupifupi. Amadziwika kuti awiri a iwo amadya 1.08 kg / kg-si ndi 1.05 kg / kg-ski momera, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti mtengo wamagetsi ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri pakupanga ma polysilicon. Zisonyezo ziwiri zazikulu kuti muyeze magetsi kukhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi kuchepetsa mphamvu. Kuchepetsa mphamvu kumatanthauza njira yochepetsera trichlorodosilane ndi haidrojeni kuti apange zinthu zoyera kwambiri za silicon. Kudya kwamphamvu kumaphatikizapo ulicon pachimake ndi mawonekedwe. , kusungidwa kwa kutentha, kutsitsa mpweya wabwino ndi njira zina zamagetsi. Mu 2021, ndi kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo ndikugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zokwanira za polysilicon Kuchepa kwa 5.3% chaka chimodzi mpaka 46kwh / kg-yi, komwe kumayenera kuchepa mtsogolo. . Kuphatikiza apo, kuchepa kwake ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kwa mtengo, kumawerengera 17%. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti, malinga ndi Baichu yingfu, mtengo wonse wopanga polysilicon mu Junililicon, motero kuthekera.
Pali njira ziwiri zopangira opanga mapulogalamu a polysilicon kuti muchepetse ndalama, imodzi ndikuchepetsa ndalama zopangira, ndipo zina ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu. Pankhani ya zopangira, opanga amatha kuchepetsa mtengo wa zopangira zopangira mgwirizano ndi kulembetsa mgwirizano wautali wokhala ndi akatswiri opanga silikickon, kapena kupanga mphamvu yophatikizika ndi kutsitsa. Mwachitsanzo, zomera za polysilicon zimadalira kwambiri silicon yawo. Pankhani ya kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi, opanga amatha kuchepetsa ndalama zamagetsi pogwiritsa ntchito mitengo yamagetsi yotsika komanso kusintha kwamphamvu kwa mphamvu. Pafupifupi 70% ya kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi omwe amachepetsa, ndikuchepetsa magetsi, komanso kulumikizana ndi chinsinsi popanga silicon wambiri. Chifukwa chake, polysilicon opanga mphamvu ku China imakhazikika m'magawo omwe ali ndi mitengo yamagetsi yotsika monga Xinjiang, Mongoan ndi Yunnan. Komabe, popita patsogolo kwa mfundo za kaboni awiri, ndizovuta kupeza magetsi otsika mtengo. Chifukwa chake, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu pakuchepetsa ndi mtengo wotsika mtengo kwambiri masiku ano. Mwanjira. Pakadali pano, njira yabwino yochepetsera kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yamagetsi ndikuwonjezera chiwerengero cha siyicon cores mu ng'anjo yochepetsera, potero kuchulukitsa chotulutsa chimodzi. Pakadali pano, mitundu yayikulu ya kuchepetsedwa ku China ndi magawo atatu a ndodo, 40awiri ndodo ndi mabowo 48. Mng'alu wa ntchentcheyo umakwezedwa mpaka maboti 60 ndi awiriawiri a ndodo, koma nthawi yomweyo, imayikanso zofunikira zazikulu zamabizinesi a mabizinesi opanga.
Poyerekeza ndi njira yosinthika, njira ya bedi yamadzimadzi ya silane ili ndi maubwino ochepa, inayo ndi yotulutsa makhlati yokoka, ndipo chachitatu ndikuti ndikokongola kwambiri. Malinga ndi ku ofesi ya nthambi ya Silicon, kumwa kwathunthu kwa njira ya silane yamadzi osinthika, ndipo kuchepetsa mphamvu kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi 10% ya njira yosinthira. Njira yolowera bedi ili ndi maubwino apamwamba a mphamvu. Pankhani ya Crystal Kukoka, zinthu zakuthupi za granlar zimatha kukhala zosavuta kuzidzaza ndi quartz yomwe ili pachiwopsezo cha quartz imodzi. Polycrystalline silicon ndi granlar silika imatha kuwonjezera ntchentche imodzi yopatsirana ndi 29%, ndikuchepetsa nthawi yopumira ndi 41%, ndikuwongolera kwambiri kukoka kwa silicon ya crystal. Kuphatikiza apo, silicon ya granlar ili ndi maiko ochepa komanso madzi abwino, omwe ali oyenera kwambiri kwa CCZ kupitiliza kwa Czochulralki. Pakadali pano, ukadaulo waukulu wa kukoka kristalo unali pakati ndikutsikira ku RCZ imodzi yolumikiziranso, yomwe ikuyenera kudyetsanso ndikukoka kristalo pambuyo ndodo imodzi yakhwima imakokedwa. Chojambulacho chikuchitika nthawi yomweyo, chomwe chimasunga nthawi yozizira ya ndodo imodzi ya kristalo, kotero kupanga mphamvu yopanga ndikokwera. Kukula mwachangu kwa CCZ kupitiliza kwa Czochuralski kumathandiziranso kufunidwa kwa sisilicor. Ngakhale kuti silikalale sickon ili ndi zovuta zina, monga ufa zambiri womwe umapangidwa ndi zigawenga, ndipo malinga ndi kutsatsa kwa ma graerorn, koma molingana ndi ma hydrorgen ogwiritsira ntchito ma hydrogen.
Njira yogona ya Silne imakhwima ku Europe ndi United States, ndipo ili mkati mwatsopano mabizinesi aku China. Poyambirira zaka za 1980, silicola wachilendo woyimilira ndi Memc adayamba kufufuza kupanga kwa sisilicor ndipo adakwanitsa kupanga kwakukulu. Pakati pawo, ngongole zonse za granlar zidafika pamatumbo 10,500 / chaka cha 2010, ndipo poyerekeza ndi makonda ake munthawi yomweyo, zidakhala ndi mwayi wa mtengo wa US $ 2-3 / kg. Chifukwa cha zosowa za kukoka kwamtundu umodzi, ma granlar a silicon amayenda ndipo pamapeto pake siyike osunthika ndipo pamapeto pake adasiya kupanga, ndikusinthana ndi China cholumikizira ndi China kuti akhazikitse bizinesi yopanga silicon.
4. Zinthu zopangira: silicon ya mafakitale ndi zida zopangira, ndipo zopezekazo zitha kukwaniritsa zosowa za polysilicon kukulitsa
Silicon yopanga mafakitale ndi zida zopangira zopangira polysilicon. Zikuyembekezeka kuti zotuluka za ku China za China zikuchitika bwino kuchokera 2022 mpaka 2025. Kuyambira pa 2010 mpaka 2021, Kupanga kwa Silicon Pachaka ndi Kutulutsa kwa chaka cha 72%, motsatana. Malinga ndi SMM Data, kuwonjezeka kumeneKupanga mafakitaleKu China idzakhala matani 890,000 ndi matani a matani 1.065 miliyoni mu 2022 ndi 2023. Kungoganiza kuti makampani ogwiritsa ntchito a Silicon apitilizabe kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosavuta komanso kugwiritsa ntchito pafupifupi 60% mtsogolo, kudzakhala kowonjezereka kwa China kumeneKupanga mphamvu mu 2022 ndi 2023 kudzabweretsa matani 320,000 ndi matani 383,000. Malinga ndi kuyerekezera kwa gfci,Kupanga mafakitale a China popanga mafayilo mu 22/23/24/24/25/25 / 697 / 6.71 / 6.5 / 391 / 4.18 / 338 miliyoni.
Kukula kwa madera atatu otsala a silicon okwera kwambiri ndi osachedwa, ndipo zinthu zina za Sicon zimathandizanso kupanga polysilicon. Mu 2021, China cha China cha China chizikhala matani 5.385 miliyoni, ofanana ndi matani a 3213 Kuphatikiza apo, pafupifupi matani 780,000 amagwiritsidwa ntchito kunja. Mu 2021, kugwiritsa ntchito polysilicon, alumuc slika, ndi aluminiyamu oyang'anira omwe adzawerengere 19%, 28%, ndi 20% ya sinsa ya mafakitale, motsatana. Kuyambira pa 2022 mpaka 2025, kukula kwa ntchito ya ordwan kuyenera kukhalabe pafupifupi 10%, ndipo kuchuluka kwa aluminium almoy popanga 5%. Chifukwa chake, tikukhulupirira kuti kuchuluka kwa silika yopanga mafakitale yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ku Polysilicon mu 2022-2025 ndi yokwanira, yomwe ingakwaniritse zosowa za polysilicon. Zosowa.
5.Mbaleamakhala pamalo olamulira, ndikupanga pang'onopang'ono amasonkhanitsa mabizinesi
M'zaka zaposachedwa, kupanga polysilicon yapadziko lonse kwachuluka chaka ndi chaka, ndipo pang'onopang'ono kwasonkhana ku China. Kuyambira mu 2017 mpaka 2021, polsilicon yapachaka yawuka kuyambira matani 432,000 mpaka matani 631,000, ndikukula mwachangu mu 2021, ndikukula kwa 21.11%. Nthawi imeneyi, kupanga polysilicon padziko lonse lapansi pang'onopang'ono ku China, ndipo poyerekeza ndi polysilicon Makampani aku Korea atsikira kwambiri, kugwera m'magulu khumi apamwamba, monga hemalock, OCI, rec ndi memc; Kukhazikika kwamakampani kwachuluka kwambiri, ndipo ma makampani onse opanga apamwamba kwambiri amachulukitsa kuchokera pa 57.7% mpaka 90.3%. Mu 2021, pali makampani asanu achikunja omwewo kwa oposa 10% opanga, amawerengera 65.7%. . Pali zifukwa zazikulu zitatu za kusamutsa pang'onopang'ono kwa makampani a Polysilicon kupita ku China. Choyamba, opanga aku China polysilicon ali ndi zabwino kwambiri malinga ndi zida zopangira, magetsi ndi ndalama. Malipiro a ogwira ntchito ndi otsika kuposa mayiko akunja, motero mtengo wonse waku China ndi wotsika kwambiri kuposa mayiko akunja, ndipo apitilizabe kupita ku kupita patsogolo; Chachiwiri, mtundu wa zinthu zaku China polysilicon umakhala bwino nthawi zonse, zomwe zili pamlingo woyambirira kalasi ya dzuwa, ndipo mabizinesi apakati payekha ali muzoyera. Zowawa zapangidwa muumisiri wopanga magetsi opanga magetsi opanga ndege polysililic-greebicin yogawana, ndipo mabizinesi aku China akulimbikitsa ntchito yomanga ma polysilic. Kutulutsa kwa sicnon Wafers ku China kuli kupitirira 95% ya zopangidwa padziko lonse lapansi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale polysicicon ya polysilicon ya Oversilicon mabizinesi akunja mpaka pamlingo wina.
Kuyambira mu 2017 mpaka 2021, mawu otulutsa a polysilicon ku China adzakwera pamagetsi, makamaka m'malo okhala ndi magetsi monga Xinjiang, ndi Sicholia. Mu 2021, kupanga polysilicon's Polysilicon kudzachulukana kuchokera kumatani 392,000 ku matani 505,000, kuwonjezeka kwa 28.83%. Pankhani yopanga mphamvu, polysilicon popanga nthawi zambiri imakhalapo m'mbuyo, koma yatsika mu 2020 chifukwa chatsekera kwa opanga ena. Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito mabizinesi aku China polysilicon kukuchulukirachulukira kuyambira 2018, komanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mphamvu mu 2021 kudzafika 97.12%. Pankhani ya madera, polysilicon polysilicon mu 2021 imakhazikika m'malo okhala ndi magetsi otsika monga Xinjiang, Mongolia wamkati, ndi Sicho. Zotsatira za Xinjiang ndi matani 270,400, omwe ali oposa theka la zotuluka ku China.
Makampani ogulitsa a ku China adziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa ndende, ndi mtengo wa CR6 wa 77%, ndipo padzakhala njira ina mtsogolo. Kupanga Polysilicon ndi makampani okhala ndi likulu lalitali komanso zotchinga zapamwamba. Ntchito yomanga ndi kupangira popanga nthawi zambiri imakhala zaka ziwiri kapena kupitirira. Zimakhala zovuta kwa opanga atsopano kuti alowe m'makampani. Poganizira za kufalikira ndi ntchito zatsopano m'zaka zitatu zotsatira, opanga opanga mafakitale apitiliza kukulitsa luso lawo laukadaulo ndi maupangiri awo, ndipo udindo wawo upitirizebe kuuka.
Akuyerekeza kuti polysilicon idzakula kwambiri kuyambira 2022 mpaka 2025, kupanga polysilicon kudzafikira matani a matani 1.194 miliyoni mu 2025, poyendetsa kufalikira kwa polsilicion yopangira ma polysilicon. Mu 2021, ndi kukwera kwakuthwa pamtengo wa polysilicon ku China, opanga zazikulu zakhala zikugwira nawo ntchito zatsopano zopanga. Popeza ntchito za polysilicon zidzatenga pafupifupi zaka ziwiri kuchokera pazaka ziwiri kuchokera pa ntchito yomanga, kupanga kwatsopano mu 2021 kudzamalizidwa. Kupanga mphamvu nthawi zambiri kumayikidwa mu theka lachiwiri la 2022 ndi 2023. Izi ndizogwirizana kwambiri ndi mapulani atsopano polojekiti omwe alipo. Kupanga kwatsopano kopanga mu 2022-2025 kumakhazikika kwambiri mu 2022 ndi 2023. Pambuyo pake, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi polysilicon ndipo ndalama zonse zopanga mu mafakitale zidzakhazikika pang'onopang'ono. Pansi, ndiye kuti, kukula kwa kuthekera kopanga pang'onopang'ono kumachepa. Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito mabiliyoni a mabizinesi a polysilicon adakhalabe pamalo okwera m'zaka ziwiri zapitazi, koma zimatenga nthawi kuti azolowere ntchito zatsopano kuti athetse ukadaulo watsopano woyenera kukonzekera ukadaulo woyenera. Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito majekiti a ntchito zatsopano za polysilicon m'zaka zingapo zikubwerazi. Kuchokera pamenepa, polsilicon kupanga mu 2022-2025 kunganenedweratu, ndipo popanga ma polysilicn mu 2025 akuyembekezeka kukhala pafupifupi matani 1.194 miliyoni.
Kukhazikika kwa opanga kunja kwa Eversion kumakhala kokwera kwambiri, ndipo kuchuluka kwa ntchito kumawonjezeka m'zaka zitatu zotsatira sikudzakhala kumwamba kotchedwa China. Kupanga kwa Polysilicon popanga ma polysilicon kumakhazikika kwambiri m'makampani anayi otsogolera, ndipo ena onse amakhala ochepa opanga. Pankhani yopanga mphamvu, wackerm amakhala theka la akutali polysilicon kupanga. Mafakitale ake ku Germany ndi United States ali ndi mphamvu zopanga matani 60,000 matani 20,000, motsatana. Kukula Kwakuthwa kwa Mphamvu yapadziko lonse yopanga zinthu zachilengedwe padziko lonse lapansi mu 2022 ndipo kupitirira kungotengera kusinthaku, Kampaniyo idakali pamalo odikirira ndipo sanalingalire zowonjezera. Ma Pollsilicon Gulsilicon Giant OCI akumasulira mzere wa polysilicon ku China, yomwe ikukonzekera kufikira matani 5,000. Ndipo kusokoneza mitengo yayikulu kwa China pa polysilicon ku United States ndi South Korea. Kampaniyi ikukonzekera kupanga matani 95,000 koma tsiku loyambira silikudziwika bwino. Zikuyembekezeka kuwonjezeka pamlingo wa matani 5,000 pachaka m'zaka zinayi zotsatira. Company ya ku Norway ilinso ili ndi mabasi awiri opanga ku Watathton ndi Montana, USA, pofika pachaka cha matani 18,000 a matani a polysilic-grade polysicicon. Check, yomwe inali yovuta kwambiri ndalama, adasankha kuyimitsa kupanga, kenako ndikulimbikitsidwa ndi matani okwanira pa 2024, ndipo amatha kumaliza ntchito yopanga mu Moltana ku United States, ndikupanga. oyeza kwambiri polysicicon. Zolepheretsa zapamwamba zopangira zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti malonda asinthidwe ku msika. Kuphatikizidwa ndi kuti kampaniyo sinakonzekere kumanga ntchito zatsopano patadutsa zaka zochepa, zimayembekezeredwa kuti kampaniyo ikhale 2022-2025. Kutulutsa kwa pachaka kumakhalabe m'matumbo 18,000. Kuphatikiza apo, mu 2021, kuchuluka kwa makampani ena kuposa makampani anayi omwe ali pamwambawa adzakhala matani 5,000. Chifukwa chakusamvetsetsa zolinga za makampani onse, kumaganiziridwa pano kuti kukonzekera kwatsopano kungakhale matani 5,000 pachaka kuchokera kwa 2022 mpaka 2025.
Malinga ndi kuthekera kwa Kutalikirana Kanthu, akuti akuyerekeza kuti ma polysilicon apanja a Polysilicon ikhale 2065 matani, poganiza kuti kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa polysilicon ku Eldilicilice sikunasinthe. Mtengo wa polysilicon wakwera kwambiri mu 2021, makampani aku China achulukitsa ndikukula. Mosiyana ndi zimenezo, makampani akunja amakhala osamala kwambiri pamadongosolo awo. Izi ndichifukwa choti pulimata ya ma polysilicon ili kale moyang'anira China, ndipo kupanga mwakhungu kumabweretsa kutayika. Kuyambira mbali yotsika mtengo, kumwa mphamvu ndi gawo lalikulu kwambiri la mtengo wa polysilicon, kotero mtengo wamagetsi ndikofunikira kwambiri, ndipo Xinjiang, madera amkati, ku Sichoan ndi zigawo zina zawonekeratu. Kuchokera kumbali yofunikira, monga kutsikira mwachindunji kwa polysilicon, a Silicton Warmest kwa oposa 99% yazonse. Makampani okwera polysilicon makamaka amakhazikika ku China. Mtengo wa polysilicon wopangidwa ndi wotsika, mtengo woyendera ndi wotsika, ndipo kufunikira kwake kumatsimikizika. Kachiwiri, China yakhazikitsa misonkho yotsitsa yopanda ndalama zochokera ku United States ndi South Korea, womwe wapanikiza kwambiri polysilicon kuchokera ku United States ndi South Korea. Khalani osamala popanga mapulojekiti atsopano; Kuphatikiza apo, m'zaka zaposachedwa, Chitchalitchi chakunja cha Polysilicon chachedwa kukula chifukwa cha mitengo ya ma polysilicic.
Kutengera ndi zomwe talosera za polysilicon kupanga ku China ndi kutsidyana kuyambira 2022 mpaka 2025, kufunikira kolosera kwa ma polysilicon polysilicon. Akuyerekeza kuti mapulono apadziko lonse lapansi a Polysililicon mu 2025 adzafika m'matunga 1.371 miliyoni. Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa polysilicon, gawo la China la China limapezekanso. Zikuyembekezeredwa kuti gawo la China pang'onopang'ono likukula kuchokera 2022 mpaka 2025, ndipo lidzadutsa 87% mu 2025.
6, Chidule ndi Maganizo
Polysilicon ili pansi kwa sinayi ya mafakitale ndi kumtunda kwa chithunzi chonse cha zithunzi ndi semiconductocy makonda, ndipo mawonekedwe ake ndi ofunika kwambiri. Chizindikiro cha Photovoltaic Makampani nthawi zambiri - Silicon Walicton Wafer-Photovoltaic adayikapo, ndipo semicrystalry nthawi zambiri imakhala yachip-Chucry Wal. Kugwiritsa ntchito kosiyanasiyana kumakhala ndi zofunika zosiyanasiyana pa kuyera kwa polysilicon. Makampani opanga zithunzi amagwiritsanso ntchito polysilicin, ndipo semiconduccary imagwiritsa ntchito polysilicon polysicicon. Wakaleyo ali ndi zoyera za 6n-8n, pomwe omaliza amafunika kuyera kwa 9n kapena kupitirira.
Kwa zaka zambiri, kupangira ma polysilicon kwakhala njira yoyendetsera miyala padziko lonse lapansi. M'zaka zaposachedwa, makampani ena asintha mwamphamvu njira yotsikira ya silane yamadzi, yomwe ingasinthe. Polysilicon wopangidwa ndi ndodo wopangidwa ndi njira yosinthidwa ali ndi mphamvu zambiri, mtengo waukulu komanso ungwiro wopangidwa ndi njira ya Silane yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepetsetsa, mtengo wotsika mtengo. Makampani ena achikunja azindikira kuti kuchuluka kwa silika ya graenalar ndi ukadaulo wogwiritsa ntchito emani sinayi kukoka polysilicon, koma sikudakwezedwe kwambiri. Kaya sikisi ya granlar ikhoza kusintha zakale mtsogolo zimatengera mwayi wokwera mtengo wake ukhoza kuphimba zowawa, zomwe zimachitika pansi, komanso kusintha kwa chitetezo cha Silane. M'zaka zaposachedwa, kupanga polysilicon yapadziko lonse kwachuluka chaka ndi chaka, ndipo pang'onopang'ono panasonkhana pamodzi ku China. Kuyambira 2017 mpaka 2021, mapulono apachaka a Polyulicon padziko lonse lapansi achulukitsa matani 432,000, ndikukula msanga mu 2061. Nthawi ya Pelysilicon idakwera kuchokera pa 2016.02. Polysilicon adzabwera mu kukula kwakukulu. Akuyerekeza kuti polysilicon kupanga mu 2025 kudzakhala matani a matani 1.194 miliyoni ku China, ndipo kupanga kunja kumafika kumatunga a 176,000. Chifukwa chake, polsililon yapadziko lonse lapansi mu 2025 idzakhala pafupifupi matani 1.37 miliyoni.
(Nkhaniyi ndi yongonena za urkondanimins'pingrs ndipo sizikuyimira upangiri uliwonse wogulitsa)