ʻO ka boron carbide he aniani ʻeleʻele me ka luster metala, ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo ke daimana ʻeleʻele, nona nā mea non-metallic inorganic. I kēia manawa, ua kamaʻāina nā mea a pau i ka mea o ka boron carbide, ma muli paha o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pale pale pale, no ka mea he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa loa ma waena o nā mea seramika, loaʻa nā pono o ka modulus elastic kiʻekiʻe a me ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe, a hiki ke hoʻohana maikaʻi. o ka micro-fracture e omo i na projectiles. ʻO ka hopena o ka ikehu, me ka mālamaʻana i ka haʻahaʻa e like me ka hiki. Akā ʻo ka mea ʻoiaʻiʻo, he nui nā waiwai kūʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe o ka boron carbide, hiki iā ia ke hana nui i nā abrasives, refractory material, nuklea ʻoihana, aerospace a me nā māla ʻē aʻe.
Na waiwai oboron carbide
Ma keʻano o nā waiwai kino,ʻo ka paʻakikī o ka boron carbide wale nō ma hope o ke daimana a me ka cubic boron nitride, a hiki ke hoʻomau i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe ma nā mahana wela, hiki ke hoʻohanaʻia e like me keʻano o ka lole pale wela kūpono; liʻiliʻi loa ka nui o ka boron carbide (theoretical density he 2.52 g/cm3 wale nō), ʻoi aku ka māmā ma mua o nā mea seramika maʻamau, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke kahua aerospace; ʻO ka boron carbide ka ikaika o ka neutron absorption hiki, maikaʻi thermal stability, a me kahi heheʻe o 2450 ° C, no laila ua hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka ʻoihana nuklea. Hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi hou ʻia ka hiki o ka neutron absorption o ka neutron ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mea B; ʻO nā mea boron carbide me ka morphology kūikawā a me ka hoʻolālā he mau waiwai photoelectric kūikawā; Eia kekahi, he wahi heheʻe kiʻekiʻe ka boron carbide, modulus elastic kiʻekiʻe, coefficient hoʻonui haʻahaʻa a maikaʻi. No ka laʻana, ka corrosion-resistant a me ka ʻaʻahu ʻana i nā ʻāpana, ka hana ʻana i ka pale pale pale, nā koʻokoʻo reactor control a me nā mea thermoelectric, etc.
Ma ke ʻano o nā waiwai kemika, ʻaʻole hoʻopili ka boron carbide me nā waikawa, alkalis a me ka hapa nui o nā pūhui inorganic i ka lumi wela, a paʻakikī hoʻi me ka oxygen a me nā kinoea halogen i ka lumi wela, a paʻa kona mau waiwai. Eia kekahi, hoʻohana ʻia ka pauka boron carbide e ka halogen ma ke ʻano he mea hao boriding, a hoʻokomo ʻia ka boron ma ka ʻili o ke kila e hana i kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni hao boride, a laila e hoʻonui ai i ka ikaika a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana o ka mea, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kāna mau mea kemika.
Ua ʻike mākou a pau i ke ʻano o ka mea e hoʻoholo ai i ka hoʻohana ʻana, no laila ma kahi o nā noi e loaʻa ai ka hana koʻikoʻi o ka pauka boron carbide?ʻO nā ʻenekinia o ke kikowaena R&D oʻenehana UrbanMines.Ua hana ʻo Co., Ltd. i kēia hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo.
Noi oboron carbide
1. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Boron carbide e like me ka polishing abrasive
Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka boron carbide ma ke ʻano he abrasive no ka wili a me ka polishing o ka sapphire. Ma waena o nā mea paʻakikī, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka boron carbide ma mua o ka alumini oxide a me ka silicon carbide, ka lua wale nō i ka daimana a me ka cubic boron nitride. ʻO ka Sapphire ka mea substrate kūpono loa no ka semiconductor GaN/Al 2 O3 light-emitting diodes (LEDs), nui-scale integrated circuit SOI a me SOS, a me nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni nanostructure superconducting. He kiʻekiʻe loa ka maʻalahi o ka ʻili a pono e ultra-smooth ʻAʻohe degere o ka pōʻino. Ma muli o ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe o ka sapphire crystal (Mohs hardness 9), ua lawe mai ia i nā pilikia nui i ka hana ʻana i nā ʻoihana.
Mai ka hiʻohiʻona o nā mea a me ka wili ʻana, ʻo nā mea maikaʻi loa no ka hana ʻana a me ka wili ʻana i nā kristal sapphire he daimana synthetic, boron carbide, silicon carbide, a me silicon dioxide. He kiʻekiʻe loa ka paʻakikī o ka daimana hana (Mohs hardness 10) i ka wā e wili ai i ka wafer sapphire, e ʻānai ia i ka ʻili, e hoʻopilikia i ka transmittance māmā o ka wafer, a he pipiʻi ke kumukūʻai; ma hope o ka ʻoki ʻana i ka carbide silika, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka RA roughness a ʻilihune ka palahalaha; Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole lawa ka paʻakikī o ka silica (Mohs hardness 7), a ʻilihune ka ikaika o ka wili, ʻo ia ka manawa a me ka hana nui i ka hana wili. No laila, ua lilo ka boron carbide abrasive (Mohs hardness 9.3) i mea kūpono loa no ka hana ʻana a me ka wili ʻana i nā kristal sapphire, a he hana maikaʻi loa i ka wili ʻana ʻelua ʻaoʻao o nā wafers sapphire a me ka thinning hope a me ka polishing o nā sapphire-based LED epitaxial wafers.
Pono e ʻōlelo ʻia i ka wā ma luna o 600 ° C ka boron carbide, e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka ʻili i loko o ke kiʻi B2O3, kahi e palupalu ai ia i kekahi ʻano, no laila ʻaʻole kūpono ia no ka wili maloʻo ma ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe i nā noi abrasive, kūpono wale nō. no ka poni wai wili. Eia nō naʻe, ke pale nei kēia waiwai i ka B4C mai ka oxidized hou aʻe, e loaʻa iā ia nā pono kūʻokoʻa i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea refractory.
2. Hoʻohana i nā mea refractory
ʻO Boron carbide nā hiʻohiʻona o ka anti-oxidation a me ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻohana maʻamau ia e like me nā mea refractory kiʻekiʻe a hoʻohana ʻole ʻia a hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā ʻano hana metallurgy, e like me nā kapuahi kila a me nā lako kiln.
Me ka pono o ka ikehu hoola a me ka hoemi ana i loko o ka hao a me ke kila oihana a me ka hooheheeia o ka haʻahaʻa-carbon kila a me ka ultra-haʻahaʻa kalapona kila, ka noiʻi a me ka ulu ana o haʻahaʻa-carbon magnesia-carbon bricks (maʻamau <8% kalapona maʻiʻo) me ka hoʻokō maikaʻi loa ua huki nui a nui ka nānā ʻana mai nā ʻoihana kūloko a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe. I kēia manawa, hoʻomaikaʻi nui ʻia ka hana o nā pōhaku kalapona magnesia-carbon haʻahaʻa ma o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke ʻano kalapona i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, e hoʻonui ana i ke ʻano matrix o nā pōhaku lepo magnesia-carbon, a me ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā antioxidants kiʻekiʻe. Ma waena o lākou, hoʻohana ʻia ke kalapona kiʻi i haku ʻia me ka boron carbide ʻoihana a me ka kalapona kalapona ʻeleʻele i hoʻohana ʻia. ʻO ka pauka huila ʻeleʻele, i hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he kumu kalapona a me ka antioxidant no ka haʻahaʻa-carbon magnesia-carbon bricks, ua loaʻa nā hopena maikaʻi.
No ka mea e palupalu ka boron carbide i kekahi ʻano i ka wela kiʻekiʻe, hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia i ka ʻili o nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻOiai inā paʻa ka huahana, hiki i ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni B2O3 oxide ma ka ʻili ke hana i kahi pale a pāʻani i kahi kuleana anti-oxidation. I ka manawa like, no ka mea, ua māhele ʻia nā kolamu kolamu i hana ʻia e ka hopena i ka matrix a me nā āpau o ka mea refractory, hoʻemi ʻia ka porosity, hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka ikaika o ka mahana wela, a hoʻonui ka nui o nā kristal i hana ʻia, hiki ke hoʻōla i ka nui. hōʻemi a hōʻemi i nā māwae.
3. ʻO nā mea pale pōkā i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻoikaika i ka pale aupuni
Ma muli o kona paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe, ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ka umekaumaha kikoʻī liʻiliʻi, a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kūpaʻa ballistic, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka boron carbide me ke ʻano o nā mea pale pale māmā. ʻO ia ka mea maikaʻi loa no ka pale ʻana i nā mokulele, nā kaʻa, nā mea kaua, a me nā kino kanaka; i kēia manawa,ʻO kekahi mau ʻāinaua noi aku i ka noiʻi ʻana i nā mea kaua anti-ballistic pale kūʻai haʻahaʻa, me ka manaʻo e hāpai i ka hoʻohana nui ʻana o ka boron carbide anti-ballistic pale kaua i ka ʻoihana pale.
4. Hoʻohana i ka ʻoihana nuklea
ʻO ka boron carbide kahi ʻāpana neutron absorption kiʻekiʻe a me kahi ākea neutron ikehu spectrum, a ʻike ʻia ma ke ao holoʻokoʻa ʻo ia ka neutron absorber maikaʻi loa no ka ʻoihana nuklea. Ma waena o lākou, ʻo ka ʻāpana wela o boron-10 isotope he kiʻekiʻe e like me 347 × 10-24 cm2, ʻelua wale nō i nā mea liʻiliʻi e like me gadolinium, samarium, a me ka cadmium, a he mea hoʻoheheʻe neutron maikaʻi. Eia kekahi, waiwai nui ka boron carbide i nā kumuwaiwai, corrosion-resistant, maikaʻi thermal stability, ʻaʻole i hana i nā isotopes radioactive, a he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ray ikehu, no laila ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ka boron carbide e like me nā mea mana a me nā mea pale i nā reactors nuklea.
No ka laʻana, ma ka ʻoihana nuklea, hoʻohana ka reactor hoʻoluʻu kiʻekiʻe i ka boron e hoʻopaʻa i ka pōlele e like me ka ʻōnaehana pani lua. I ka hihia o kahi pōʻino, i ka wā e pau ai ka ʻōnaehana pani mua, hoʻohana ka ʻōnaehana pani lua i ka helu nui o nā pellets boron carbide Free hāʻule i loko o ke kahawai o ka papa reflective o ka reactor core, etc., e pani i ka reactor a ʻike i ke anuanu. pani, kahi o ka poepoe hoomoe he poepoe graphite me ka boron carbide. ʻO ka hana nui o ka boron carbide core i loko o ke kiʻekiʻe wela kinoea-cooled reactor e hoʻomalu i ka mana a me ka palekana o ka reactor. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka pōhaku kalapona me ka boron carbide neutron absorbing material, hiki ke hōʻemi i ka neutron irradiation o ka moku kaomi reactor.
I kēia manawa, loaʻa nā mea boride no nā reactors nuklea i kēia mau mea: boron carbide (nā koʻokoʻo mana, nā pale pale), boric acid (moderator, coolant), boron steel (nā koʻokoʻo mana a me nā mea mālama no ka wahie nuklea a me nā ʻōpala nuklea), boron Europium. (mea lāʻau hiki ke puhi ʻia), etc.