ʻO 5G Nā Infrastructure hou e hoʻokele i ke kaulahao ʻoihana Tantalum
Ke hoʻokomo nei ʻo 5G i ka manawa hou i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hoʻokele waiwai o Kina, a ua alakaʻi pū ʻia nā ʻōnaehana hou i ka wikiwiki o ke kūkulu hale i kahi manawa wikiwiki.
Ua hōʻike ʻia ke Kuhina ʻOihana a me ka ʻenehana ʻikepili o Kina i Mei e hoʻohui ana ka ʻāina ma mua o 10,000 mau kahua kahua 5G hou i hoʻokahi pule. Ua ʻoi aku ke kūkulu hale kahua kahua 5G o Kina ma mua o ka 200,000 ma ka piha piha, me 17.51 miliona mau kelepona 5G kūloko i hoʻouna ʻia i Iune o kēia makahiki, ʻo ia ka 61 pakeneka o nā hoʻouna kelepona paʻa i ka manawa like. Ma ke ʻano he "mua" a me "kumu" o nā ʻenehana hou, ʻo 5G kaulahao ʻoihana e lilo i kumuhana wela no ka manawa lōʻihi e hiki mai ana.
Me ka hoʻomohala wikiwiki ʻana o ka pāʻoihana o 5G, loaʻa i nā capacitor tantalum kahi manaʻo ākea ākea.
Me ka nui o ka ʻokoʻa wela o waho a me nā loli kaiapuni he nui, pono i nā kahua kahua 5G ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe loa a me ke ola lawelawe lōʻihi. Hoʻopuka kēia i nā koi kiʻekiʻe no ka maikaʻi a me ka hana ʻana o nā mea uila ma ke kahua kumu. I waena o lākou, ʻo nā capacitor nā ʻāpana uila pono ʻole o nā kahua kahua 5G. ʻO nā capacitor Tantalum nā capacitors alakaʻi.
Hōʻike ʻia nā capacitor Tantalum e ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, ka waiwai ESR liʻiliʻi, ka waiwai capacitance nui a me ka pololei kiʻekiʻe. Loaʻa i nā capacitors Tantalum nā hiʻohiʻona paʻa paʻa, ākea ākea ākea, a pēlā aku, hiki iā lākou ke ho'ōla iā lākou iho ma hope o ka hiki ʻole ke hōʻoia i ka paʻa hana lōʻihi. No laila, i nā manawa he nui, he hōʻailona koʻikoʻi ia e hoʻoholo ai inā he huahana kiʻekiʻe ka huahana uila a i ʻole.
Me nā mea maikaʻi e like me ke kiʻekiʻe o ke alapine kūpono, ka laulā hana ākea, ka hilinaʻi kiʻekiʻe a kūpono no ka miniaturization, hoʻohana nui ʻia nā capacitor tantalum i nā kahua kahua 5G e hoʻoikaika ana i ka "miniaturization, kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me ka bandwidth nui". ʻO ka helu o nā kahua kahua 5G he 2-3 mau manawa ma mua o 4G. I kēia manawa, i ka ulu nui ʻana o nā kelepona wikiwiki wikiwiki, ua lilo nā capacitor tantalum i mea maʻamau ma muli o ka hoʻopuka paʻa a hoʻemi ʻia ka leo e 75%.
Ma muli o nā hiʻohiʻona alapine hana, ma lalo o nā kūlana noi like, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kahua kahua 5G ma mua o 4G. ʻO ka ʻikepili e like me ka ʻoihana ʻoihana a me ka hōʻike ʻike ʻike, ma ka helu o nā kahua kahua 4G a puni ka ʻāina i 2019 i 5.44 miliona, pēlā ke kūkulu ʻana i ka ʻoihana 5G e hoʻokō i nā koi hoʻopiʻi like, a i ʻole pono i 5 g base station, 1000 ~ 20 Ua manaʻo ʻia e hoʻonui ʻia ka miliona mai kēia manawa, inā makemake ʻoe e hoʻokō i ke komo āpau i ka 5G, pono ʻoe e ʻai i ka nui o ka capacitor tantalum, e like me ka wānana mākeke, e piʻi ka mākeke tantalum capacitor i 7.02 biliona yuan i 2020, e hoʻomau ka wā e hiki mai ana. ulu wikiwiki.
I ka manawa like, me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā kaʻa uila, naʻauao hana, AI, nā mea hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia, nā kikowaena kapuaʻi, a me ke kelepona paʻa kiʻekiʻe e hoʻopaʻa ana i nā lako uila, puka mai nā lako hana kiʻekiʻe, a e kau ʻia nā koi hou aku. nā capacitors kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ia hoʻi nā capacitor tantalum. No ka laʻana, hoʻohana ʻia nā poʻo e hoʻopiʻi ana i ka iPhone a me ka papa papa ʻelua, ʻelua mau capacitor tantalum kiʻekiʻe e like me nā kānana hoʻopuka. Huna nā capacitors Tantalum i kahi mākeke o ʻumi piliona ma ka nui a me ka nui, e hana ai i nā manawa hoʻomohala no nā ʻoihana pili.
Eia kekahi, hoʻohana pū ʻia nā capacitors i nā lako aerospacenā mea hou aku. Ma muli o kāna mau hiʻohiʻona "ho'ōla pono'ī", makemake nui ʻia ka capacitor tantalum e ka mākeke koa, SMT SMD tantalum capacitor nui, kiʻekiʻe ka ikehu i hui ʻia ka tantalum capacitor i hoʻohana ʻia i ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu, hilinaʻi kiʻekiʻe o nā huahana tantalum shell encapsulation capacitor, kūpono no ka nui nui. kaapuni parallel e hoʻohana ana i ka polymer tantalum capacitor, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, e hoʻokō nui i nā koi o ke ʻano o ka mākeke koa.
ʻO ke koi kiʻekiʻe no ka tantalum capacitors ua alakaʻi i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hemahema o ke kumukūʻai, ke alakaʻi nei i ka ulu ʻana o ka mākeke o ka upstream raw material.
Ua piʻi nā kumukūʻai o Tantalum i ka hapa mua o 2020. Ma ka ʻaoʻao hoʻokahi, ma muli o ka puka ʻana o coVID-19 i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka makahiki, ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe ka nui o ka mining honua e like me ka mea i manaʻo ʻia. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ma muli o kekahi mau kaʻa kaʻa, paʻa ka lako holoʻokoʻa. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, hoʻohana nui ʻia nā capacitor tantalum i nā huahana uila. I ka hapa mua o ka makahiki, ma muli o ka hopena o ka maʻi ahulau, ua hoʻonui ka noi no nā huahana uila, e alakaʻi ana i ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā capacitors tantalum. No ka mea, ʻo ka capacitors ka mea nui loa o ka tantalum, 40-50% o ka hana tantalum honua i hoʻohana ʻia i nā capacitors tantalum, kahi e hoʻoulu ai i ka noi no ka tantalum a hoʻonui i ke kumukūʻai.
Tantalum oxidehe upstream o nā huahana tantalum capacitor, ʻoihana kaulahao o ka tantalum capacitor i mua o nā mea maka, oxidation tantalum a me niobium oxide i ka mākeke Kina e ulu wikiwiki nei, 2018 ka hopena makahiki i hōʻea i 590 tons a me 2250 tons, ma waena o 2014 a me 2018 makahiki ulu ulu o 20.5. % a me 13.6%, ʻo ka nui o ka mākeke ma 2023 e manaʻo ʻia he 851.9 tons a me 3248.9 tons, kēlā me kēia, hui pū ʻia ka nui o ka ulu makahiki o 7.6%, ka nui o ka nui o ka ʻoihana e ulu olakino.
E like me ka papahana hana mua he ʻumi makahiki o ke aupuni Kina e hoʻokō i ka hoʻolālā o ka hana ʻana i Kina i mana hana, i hana ʻia ma Kina 2025 e hāpai ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā ʻoihana kumu ʻelua, ʻo ia hoʻi ka ʻoihana ʻenehana ʻike hou a me ka ʻoihana mea hou. I waena o lākou, pono e ho'āʻo ka ʻoihana waiwai hou e uhai i kahi pūʻulu o nā mea waiwai mua, e like me nā mea hao a me nā mea kila a me nā mea petrochemical, i koi koke ʻia i nā kahua noi nui, kahi e lawe mai ai i nā manawa hou no ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka tantalum. -ʻoihana metallurgy niobium.
ʻO ke kaulahao waiwai o ka ʻoihana metallurgy tantalum-Niobium e pili ana i nā mea maka (tantalum ore), nā huahana hydrometallurgical (tantalum oxide, niobium oxide a me ka potassium fluotantalate), nā huahana pyrometallurgical (tantalum pauka a me ka wire tantalum), nā huahana i hana ʻia (tantalum capacitor, etc.), nā huahana terminal a me nā noi lalo (5G base station, aerospace field, high-end electronic products, etc.). No ka mea ua hana ʻia nā huahana metallurgical thermal a pau mai nā huahana hydrometallurgical, a hiki ke hoʻohana pololei ʻia nā huahana hydrometallurgical e hana i kahi ʻāpana o nā huahana i hoʻoponopono ʻia a i ʻole nā huahana terminal, hana nui nā huahana hydrometallurgical i ka ʻoihana metallurgical tantalum-niobium.
ʻO ka tantalum-niobium lalo pManaʻo ka mākeke roducts e ulu, e like me ka hōʻike a Zha Consulting. Manaʻo ʻia ka ulu ʻana o ka pauka tantalum honua e hoʻonui ʻia mai ka 1,456.3 tons ma 2018 a ma kahi o 1,826.2 tons ma 2023. ʻO ka mea nui, ʻo ka hana metallurgical grade tantalum pauka i ka mākeke honua e manaʻo ʻia e hoʻonui ʻia mai kahi o 837.1 tons ma 2018 a ma kahi o 1,126. ʻo ia hoʻi, ka ulu ʻana o ka makahiki ma kahi o 6.1%). I kēia manawa, manaʻo ʻia ka piʻi ʻana o ka pahu tantalum bar o Kina mai kahi o 221.6 tons ma 2018 a ma kahi o 337.6 tons ma 2023 (ʻo ia hoʻi, kahi ulu ulu makahiki ma kahi o 8.8%), e like me ka hōʻike a Jolson Consulting. No ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā pono o kāna mau mea kūʻai aku, ua ʻōlelo ka hui ma kāna prospectus e pili ana i ka 68.8 pakeneka o nā kālā i hōʻiliʻili ʻia e hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻonui i ka hana ʻana o nā huahana o lalo, e like me ka pauka tantalum a me nā kaola, i mea e hoʻonui ai i kāna kumu kūʻai, hopu hou aku. nā manawa pāʻoihana a hoʻonui i ka māhele mākeke.
ʻO ke kūkulu ʻana i ka ʻoihana ma lalo o ka ʻoihana 5G aia nō i ka pae mua. Hōʻike ʻia ʻo 5G e ke alapine kiʻekiʻe a me ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe. Ma lalo o ka manaʻo o ka laulā kūpono like, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke koi no nā kahua kahua ma mua o ka wā kamaʻilio mua. ʻO kēia makahiki ka makahiki o ke kūkulu ʻana i ka ʻoihana 5G. Me ka wikiwiki o ka hana ʻana o 5G, ke hoʻonui nei ka noi noi o nā huahana uila kiʻekiʻe, e koi ana i ka noi no nā capacitor tantalum e noho ikaika.