Fage da Gaba ɗaya Hali
Rare abubuwan duniyasu ne allon ƙasa na IIIB scandium, yttrium da lanthanum a cikin tebur na lokaci-lokaci. Akwai l7 abubuwa. Ƙasar da ba kasafai ba tana da sinadarai na zahiri da sinadarai na musamman kuma an yi amfani da su sosai a masana'antu, noma da sauran fannoni. Tsaftar mahaɗan mahaɗan ƙasa da ba kasafai kai tsaye ke ƙayyade kaddarorin kayan ba. Tsabta daban-daban na kayan ƙasa da ba kasafai ba na iya samar da kayan yumbu, kayan kyalli da kayan lantarki tare da buƙatun aiki daban-daban. A halin yanzu, tare da haɓaka fasahar hakar ƙasa da ba kasafai ba, tsaftataccen mahalli na ƙasa yana ba da kyakkyawan fata na kasuwa, da kuma shirye-shiryen manyan abubuwan da ba kasafai ba na duniya suna gabatar da buƙatu mafi girma don mahaɗin ƙasa mai tsabta. Filin Cerium yana da fa'idar amfani da yawa, kuma tasirinsa a yawancin aikace-aikacen yana da alaƙa da tsarkinsa, abubuwan da ke cikin jiki da ƙazanta. A cikin rarraba abubuwan da ba kasafai ake samu ba, cerium ya kai kusan kashi 50% na albarkatun kasa masu haske. Tare da haɓaka aikace-aikacen cerium mai tsafta, buƙatun ma'aunin abun ciki na ƙasa wanda ba safai ba don mahaɗin cerium ya fi girma da girma.Cerium oxideceric oxide ne, lambar CAS shine 1306-38-3, tsarin kwayoyin halitta shine CeO2, nauyin kwayoyin: 172.11; Cerium oxide shine mafi kwanciyar hankali oxide na cerium mai ƙarancin ƙasa. Yana da kodadde rawaya mai ƙarfi a yanayin zafin ɗaki kuma yana yin duhu idan ya yi zafi. Cerium oxide ne yadu amfani a luminescent kayan, catalysts, polishing foda, UV garkuwa da sauran al'amurran saboda da kyau kwarai yi. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, ya tada sha'awar masu bincike da yawa. Shirye-shiryen da aikin cerium oxide sun zama wurin bincike a cikin 'yan shekarun nan.
Tsarin samarwa
Hanyar 1: Dama a dakin da zafin jiki, ƙara sodium hydroxide bayani na 5.0mol / L zuwa cerium sulfate bayani na 0.1mol / L, daidaita darajar pH don zama mafi girma fiye da 10, kuma yanayin hazo yana faruwa. An yi famfo ruwan naman, an wanke shi sau da yawa tare da ruwa mai narkewa, sannan a bushe a cikin tanda 90 ℃ na tsawon awanni 24. Bayan niƙa da tacewa (girman barbashi ƙasa da 0.1mm), ana samun cerium oxide kuma a sanya shi a busasshen wuri don ajiyar hatimi. Hanyar 2: Ɗaukar cerium chloride ko cerium nitrate a matsayin kayan albarkatun kasa, daidaita darajar pH zuwa 2 tare da ruwan ammonia, ƙara oxalate zuwa precipitate cerium oxalate, bayan dumama, warkewa, rabuwa da wankewa, bushewa a 110 ℃, sa'an nan kuma ƙone zuwa cerium oxide a 900. ~ 1000 ℃. Cerium oxide za a iya samu ta dumama cakuda cerium oxide da carbon foda a 1250 ℃ a cikin wani yanayi na carbon monoxide.
Aikace-aikace
Ana amfani da Cerium Oxide don ƙari na masana'antar gilashi, kayan niƙa farantin gilashi, kuma an ƙara shi zuwa gilashin niƙa, ruwan tabarau na gani, kinescope, bleaching, bayani, gilashin ultraviolet radiation da sha na lantarki waya, da sauransu. Ana kuma amfani da ita azaman anti-reflector don ruwan tabarau na ido, kuma ana amfani da cerium don yin cerium titanium rawaya don sanya gilashin haske rawaya. Theararar iskar shaka ta ƙasa tana da wani tasiri akan ƙirƙira da kaddarorin yumbun gilashi a cikin tsarin CaO-MgO-AI2O3-SiO2. Sakamakon binciken ya nuna cewa ƙari na gaban hadawan abu da iskar shaka mai dacewa yana da amfani don inganta tasirin haske na gilashin ruwa, kawar da kumfa, sanya tsarin tsarin gilashi, da inganta kayan aikin injiniya da juriya na alkali. Mafi kyawun adadin adadin cerium oxide shine 1.5, lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin yumbu glaze da masana'antar lantarki azaman mai shigar da yumbu mai amfani da piezoelectric. Hakanan ana amfani dashi a cikin kera babban mai kara kuzari, fitilar fitilar iskar gas, allo mai kyalli na X-ray (wanda aka fi amfani dashi a cikin wakili na goge ruwan tabarau). Rare earth cerium polishing foda ana amfani dashi sosai a cikin kyamarori, ruwan tabarau na kyamara, bututun hoto na TELEBIJIN, ruwan tabarau, da sauransu. Hakanan za'a iya amfani dashi a cikin masana'antar gilashi. Ana iya amfani da Cerium oxide da titanium dioxide tare don yin rawaya gilashi. Cerium oxide don gilashin decolorization yana da fa'idodi na barga aiki a babban zafin jiki, ƙarancin farashi kuma babu ɗaukar haske mai gani. Bugu da ƙari, ana ƙara cerium oxide zuwa gilashin da ake amfani da su a gine-gine da motoci don rage watsa hasken ultraviolet. Don samar da kayan aikin haske na ƙasa da ba kasafai ba, ana ƙara cerium oxide azaman mai kunnawa a cikin phosphor ɗin da ba kasafai ake amfani da shi ba a cikin kayan luminescent na fitulun ceton makamashi da phosphor ɗin da aka yi amfani da su a cikin masu nuna alama da masu gano hasken wuta. Cerium oxide kuma albarkatun kasa ne don shirye-shiryen cerium na karfe. Bugu da kari, a cikin kayan semiconductor, manyan launuka masu launi da na'urar wayar da kan gilashin, an yi amfani da tsabtace sharar mota. Mai kara kuzari don tsarkakewar abin hawa mota ya ƙunshi babban yumbu (ko karfe) mai ɗaukar saƙar zuma da shafi mai kunnawa. Rufin da aka kunna ya ƙunshi babban yanki na gamma-trioxide, adadin da ya dace na oxides wanda ke daidaita yanayin sararin samaniya, da ƙarfe tare da aikin catalytic wanda ya watse a cikin rufin. Domin rage tsada Pt, Rh sashi, ƙara da sashi na Pd ne in mun gwada da arha, rage farashin mai kara kuzari ba tare da rage mota shaye tsarkakewa catalysts karkashin jigo na daban-daban yi, fiye da amfani Pt. Pd. Kunna murfin mai kara kuzari na Rh, yawanci jimillar hanyar nutsewa don ƙara takamaiman adadin cerium oxide da lanthanum oxide, ya ƙunshi tasirin mai kara kuzari na duniya yana da kyau kwarai. Ƙarfe mai daraja ta ternary mai kara kuzari. An yi amfani da Lanthanum oxide da cerium oxide azaman ƙarin taimako don haɓaka aikin ¦ A-Alumina mai goyan bayan ƙarfe mai daraja. Bisa ga binciken, da catalytic inji na cerium oxide da lanthanum oxide ne yafi don inganta catalytic aiki na aiki shafi, ta atomatik daidaita iska-man rabo da catalysis, da kuma inganta thermal kwanciyar hankali da kuma inji ƙarfin dako.