Menene ka'idar mahadi na karfe da ke ɗaukar hasken infrared kuma menene tasirin sa?
Magungunan ƙarfe, gami da mahadi na ƙasa da ba kasafai ba, suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ɗaukar infrared. A matsayin jagora a cikin ƙananan ƙarfe da ƙananan mahadi na ƙasa,UrbanMines Tech. Co., Ltd. yana hidima kusan 1/8 na abokan cinikin duniya don shayar da infrared. Don magance tambayoyin fasaha na abokan cinikinmu game da wannan batu, cibiyar bincike da ci gaba na kamfaninmu ta tsara wannan labarin don ba da amsoshi.
1.A ka'ida da halaye na infrared sha ta karfe mahadi
Ka'idar shan infrared ta mahaɗan ƙarfe ya dogara ne akan girgiza tsarin kwayoyin su da haɗin sinadarai. Infrared spectroscopy yana nazarin tsarin kwayoyin halitta ta hanyar auna jujjuyawar motsin intramolecular da matakan makamashi na juyawa. Girgizawar abubuwan haɗin sinadarai a cikin mahaɗan ƙarfe zai haifar da shayarwar infrared, musamman maɗaurin ƙarfe-kwakwalwa a cikin mahaɗan ƙarfe-kwayoyin halitta, rawar jiki da yawa na haɗin gwiwar inorganic, da girgizar firam ɗin crystal, wanda zai bayyana a yankuna daban-daban na bakan infrared.
Ayyukan mahaɗan ƙarfe daban-daban a cikin infrared spectra:
(1) .MXene abu: MXene ne mai girma biyu-girma miƙa mulki karfe-carbon / nitrogen fili tare da arziki aka gyara, karfe conductivity, babban takamaiman surface area, da kuma wani aiki surface. Yana da nau'ikan ɗaukar infrared daban-daban a cikin ƙungiyoyin infrared na kusa da tsakiyar/ nesa kuma an yi amfani da su sosai a cikin kamannin infrared, juyawa na photothermal, da sauran filayen a cikin 'yan shekarun nan.
(2) Copper mahadi: Phosphorus-dauke da jan karfe mahadi yi da kyau a tsakanin infrared absorbers, yadda ya kamata hana blackening sabon abu lalacewa ta hanyar ultraviolet haskoki da kuma kula da m bayyane haske watsa da infrared absorption Properties stably na dogon lokaci3.
Abubuwan aikace-aikace masu amfani
(1) Infrared camouflage: MXene kayan ana amfani da ko'ina a infrared camouflage saboda su m infrared absorption Properties. Suna iya rage halayen infrared da aka yi niyya yadda ya kamata da inganta ɓoyewa2.
(2).
(3) Kayayyakin taga: Abubuwan da aka haɗa na resin da ke ɗauke da infrared absorbers ana amfani da su a cikin kayan taga don toshe hasken infrared yadda ya kamata da haɓaka ƙarfin kuzari 3.
Waɗannan sharuɗɗan aikace-aikacen suna nuna bambancin da kuma amfani da mahaɗan ƙarfe a cikin shayarwar infrared, musamman ma mahimmancin rawar da suke takawa a kimiyyar zamani da masana'antu.
2.Wanne mahaɗan ƙarfe na iya ɗaukar haskoki infrared?
Haɗin ƙarfe wanda zai iya ɗaukar hasken infrared sun haɗa daAntimony tin oxide (ATO), Indium tin oxide (ITO), aluminum zinc oxide (AZO), tungsten trioxide (WO3), iron tetroxide (Fe3O4) da kuma strontium titanate (SrTiO3).
2.1 Infrared absorption halaye na karfe mahadi
Antimony tin oxide (ATO): Yana iya garkuwa kusa da hasken infrared tare da tsayin raƙuman ruwa sama da 1500 nm, amma ba zai iya yin garkuwa da hasken ultraviolet da hasken infrared tare da tsayin daka kasa da 1500 nm.
Indium Tin Oxide (ITO): kama da ATO, yana da tasirin garkuwa kusa da hasken infrared.
Zinc aluminum oxide (AZO): Hakanan yana da aikin garkuwa kusa da hasken infrared.
Tungsten trioxide (WO3): Yana da tasirin resonance na plasmon da aka keɓe da ƙananan ƙwayar polaron, yana iya garkuwa da radiation infrared tare da tsawon 780-2500 nm, kuma ba mai guba bane kuma mara tsada.
Fe3O4: Yana da kyawawan shayarwar infrared da kaddarorin amsawar thermal kuma galibi ana amfani dashi a cikin firikwensin infrared da ganowa.
Strontium titanate (SrTiO3): yana da kyakkyawan shayarwar infrared da kaddarorin gani, dace da na'urori masu auna firikwensin infrared da masu ganowa.
Erbium fluoride (ErF3): wani fili ne na duniya da ba kasafai ba wanda zai iya sha hasken infrared. Erbium fluoride yana da lu'ulu'u masu launin fure, wurin narkewa na 1350 ° C, wurin tafasa na 2200 ° C, da yawa na 7.814g/cm³. An fi amfani dashi a cikin kayan kwalliyar gani, doping fiber, lu'ulu'u na laser, albarkatun ƙasa guda-crystal, amplifiers Laser, ƙari mai kara kuzari, da sauran fannoni.
2.2 Aikace-aikacen mahadi na ƙarfe a cikin kayan ɗaukar infrared
Wadannan mahadi na karfe ana amfani dasu sosai a cikin kayan sha na infrared. Misali, ATO, ITO, da AZO galibi ana amfani da su a cikin m conductive, antistatic, radiation kariya coatings da m lantarki; WO3 ana amfani dashi ko'ina a cikin nau'ikan rufin zafi daban-daban, sha, da kuma kayan infrared mai tunani saboda kyakkyawan aikin garkuwar infrared na kusa da abubuwan da ba su da guba. Wadannan mahadi na karfe suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a fagen fasahar infrared saboda halayensu na musamman na sha.
2.3 Waɗanne mahadi na ƙasa waɗanda ba kasafai suke iya ɗaukar hasken infrared ba?
Daga cikin abubuwan da ba kasafai ba a duniya, lanthanum hexaboride da lanthanum boride mai girman nano na iya ɗaukar hasken infrared.Lanthanum hexaboride (LaB6)wani abu ne da ake amfani da shi sosai a cikin radar, sararin samaniya, masana'antar lantarki, kayan aiki, kayan aikin likita, kayan ƙarfe na gida, kare muhalli, da sauran fannoni. Musamman ma, lanthanum hexaboride guda crystal abu ne don yin manyan bututun lantarki, magnetrons, katako na lantarki, katako na ion, da cathodes masu haɓakawa.
Bugu da kari, nano-sikelin lanthanum boride shi ma yana da kaddarorin sha infrared haskoki. Ana amfani da shi a cikin suturar da ke kan saman zanen fim na polyethylene don toshe hasken infrared daga hasken rana. Yayin ɗaukar haskoki na infrared, nano-sikelin lanthanum boride baya ɗaukar haske mai gani da yawa. Wannan abu zai iya hana infrared haskoki shiga gilashin taga a cikin yanayi mai zafi, kuma zai iya amfani da haske da makamashi mai zafi sosai a yanayin sanyi.
Abubuwan da ba kasafai ake amfani da su ba ana amfani da su sosai a fagage da yawa, gami da soja, makamashin nukiliya, fasaha mai girma, da kayayyakin masarufi na yau da kullun. Misali, ana amfani da lanthanum don inganta dabarar ayyukan gami a cikin makamai da kayan aiki, ana amfani da gadolinium da isotopes ɗinsa azaman masu ɗaukar neutron a filin makamashin nukiliya, kuma ana amfani da cerium azaman ƙari na gilashi don ɗaukar hasken ultraviolet da infrared.
Cerium, azaman ƙari na gilashi, yana iya ɗaukar hasken ultraviolet da hasken infrared kuma yanzu ana amfani dashi sosai a gilashin mota. Ba wai kawai yana kare kariya daga haskoki na ultraviolet ba har ma yana rage zafin jiki a cikin motar, don haka yana adana wutar lantarki don kwantar da iska. Tun 1997, an ƙara gilashin mota na Japan tare da cerium oxide, kuma an yi amfani da shi a cikin motoci a 1996.
3.Properties da kuma tasiri dalilai na infrared sha da karfe mahadi
3.1 Abubuwan da ke haifar da tasirin infrared ta hanyar mahaɗan ƙarfe sun haɗa da abubuwa masu zuwa:
Matsakaicin adadin sha: Yawan sha na mahadi na ƙarfe zuwa haskoki infrared ya bambanta dangane da nau'in ƙarfe, yanayin saman, zafin jiki, da tsayin hasken infrared. Ƙarfe na gama gari irin su aluminum, jan ƙarfe, da baƙin ƙarfe yawanci suna da ƙimar ɗaukar infrared haskoki tsakanin 10% zuwa 50% a zafin daki. Misali, yawan sha na tsantsar aluminum surface zuwa infrared haskoki a dakin da zafin jiki ne game da 12%, yayin da sha na m jan karfe surface iya kai kusan 40%.
3.2 Abubuwan da ke da tasiri na shayarwar infrared ta mahaɗin ƙarfe:
Nau'o'in karafa: Ƙarfe daban-daban suna da tsarin atomic daban-daban da shirye-shiryen lantarki daban-daban, wanda ke haifar da damar iya ɗaukar su daban-daban don haskoki na infrared.
Yanayin saman: Rashin ƙarfi, Layer oxide, ko rufin saman ƙarfe zai shafi ƙimar sha.
Zazzabi: Canje-canjen yanayin zafi zai canza yanayin lantarki a cikin ƙarfe, ta haka zai shafi ɗaukar hasken infrared.
Infrared Wavelength: Daban-daban raƙuman raƙuman ruwa na infrared haskoki suna da damar sha daban-daban don karafa.
Canje-canje a ƙarƙashin takamaiman yanayi: Ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun sharuɗɗa, ƙimar ɗaukar hasken infrared ta ƙarfe na iya canzawa sosai. Misali, lokacin da aka lullube saman karfe da wani abu na musamman, ana iya haɓaka ikonsa na ɗaukar hasken infrared. Bugu da ƙari, canje-canje a yanayin lantarki na ƙarfe a cikin yanayin zafi mai zafi na iya haifar da haɓakar ƙimar sha.
Filayen aikace-aikacen: Abubuwan sha na infrared na mahaɗan ƙarfe suna da ƙimar aikace-aikacen mahimmanci a cikin fasahar infrared, hoto na thermal, da sauran filayen. Misali, ta hanyar sarrafa sutura ko zafin jiki na saman ƙarfe, ana iya daidaita ɗaukar hasken infrared, yana ba da damar aikace-aikacen auna zafin jiki, hoto na thermal, da sauransu.
Hanyoyin Gwaji da Bayanan Bincike: Masu bincike sun ƙaddara adadin sha na infrared haskoki ta ƙarfe ta hanyar ma'aunin gwaji da nazarin ƙwararru. Waɗannan bayanan suna da mahimmanci don fahimtar abubuwan gani na mahaɗan ƙarfe da haɓaka aikace-aikace masu alaƙa.
A taƙaice, abubuwan sha na infrared na mahaɗan ƙarfe suna shafar abubuwa da yawa kuma suna iya canzawa sosai a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban. Ana amfani da waɗannan kaddarorin sosai a fagage da yawa.